urea
Approved
Dec 21, 1951
Urea, also called carbamide, is an organic compound with chemical formula CO(NH2)2. This amide has two amino groups joined by a carbonyl functional group. It is thus the simplest amide of carbamic acid. — Wikipedia
Clinical trial activity
2,067 trials · 1,042 clinical orgs · 147 marketing orgs
Earliest trial started Jun 1, 1976 (NCT00000563)
Timeline
1950s
- Dec 21, 1951
Earliest FDA Approval
- Dec 21, 1951
Merck — NDA Secondary Org
- Dec 15, 1952
Pharmacia & Upjohn — NDA Secondary Org
- Dec 9, 1953
Parke-Davis — Marketing Organization
- Dec 9, 1953
Parke-Davis — NDA Secondary Org
- Jan 19, 1955
Panray Corp. — NDA Secondary Org
- Mar 26, 1957
Monarch Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
- Mar 26, 1957
Monarch Pharmaceuticals — NDA Secondary Org
1960s
- Dec 21, 1960
Aspen Pharmaceuticals — NDA Secondary Org
- Jun 23, 1961
Hi Tech Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
- Jun 23, 1961
Akorn, Inc. — NDA Secondary Org
- Jun 23, 1961
Saptalis Pharmaceuticals — NDA Secondary Org
- May 17, 1962
Endo Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
- May 17, 1962
Endo Pharmaceuticals — NDA Secondary Org
- Jun 20, 1962
Novartis — NDA Secondary Org
- Sep 17, 1962
UCB — NDA Secondary Org
- May 18, 1965
Pharmacia & Upjohn — Marketing Organization
- Jan 12, 1966
Ani Pharmaceuticals — NDA Secondary Org
- Oct 5, 1966
Hospira — NDA Secondary Org
- Oct 26, 1968
Akorn, Inc. — Marketing Organization
- Oct 26, 1968
Epic Pharma Llc — Marketing Organization
- Sep 18, 1969
Pfizer — Marketing Organization
1970s
- May 10, 1971
Casper Pharma LLC — Marketing Organization
- May 10, 1971
Casper Pharma LLC — NDA Secondary Org
- Oct 20, 1971
Ani Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
- Dec 22, 1971
Mission Pharmacal — Marketing Organization
- Dec 22, 1971
Bausch Health Companies — NDA Secondary Org
- Apr 26, 1972
Dow Pharmaceutical Sciences — Marketing Organization
- May 1, 1972
John J. Ferrante — Marketing Organization
- May 24, 1972
Pfizer — NDA Secondary Org
- Jun 15, 1972
Watson Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
- Sep 15, 1972
Teva — Marketing Organization
- Sep 25, 1972
Bausch Health Companies — Marketing Organization
- Sep 26, 1972
Dermik Laboratories — Marketing Organization
- Oct 11, 1972
Forest Laboratories — Marketing Organization
- Jan 12, 1973
Fougera — Marketing Organization
- Feb 28, 1973
Marnel Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
- Feb 28, 1973
Crown Laboratories, Inc. — Marketing Organization
- Feb 28, 1973
DERM RX — Marketing Organization
- Feb 28, 1973
LEGACY PHARMA — Marketing Organization
- Mar 6, 1973
Colgate — Marketing Organization
- Mar 9, 1973
Nexgen Pharma, Inc — Marketing Organization
- Mar 20, 1973
C&M Pharmacy — Marketing Organization
- May 18, 1973
Whiteworth Towne Paulsen — Marketing Organization
- Jun 18, 1973
Hikma — Marketing Organization
- Oct 23, 1973
Alcon — Marketing Organization
- Nov 13, 1973
Ferndale Laboratories, Inc. — Marketing Organization
- Jan 21, 1974
Belmar Pharmacy — Marketing Organization
- Mar 6, 1974
Barr Laboratories — Marketing Organization
- May 31, 1974
Sandoz — Marketing Organization
- Jun 21, 1974
Sun Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
- Sep 9, 1974
Phoenix Laboratories — Marketing Organization
- Dec 19, 1974
Johnson and Johnson — Marketing Organization
- Feb 3, 1975
Schering-Plough — NDA Secondary Org
- May 19, 1975
West-Ward Pharmaceutical — Marketing Organization
- Dec 18, 1975
Solvay — Marketing Organization
- Jan 1, 1976
Earliest Phase 3 Sponsor(trial)
- Jan 6, 1976
Healthpoint — Marketing Organization
- Mar 24, 1976
Bayer — NDA Secondary Org
- May 7, 1976
Lannett Company, Inc. — Marketing Organization
- Aug 13, 1976
Sebela Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
- Sep 21, 1976
STI Pharma, LLC — Marketing Organization
- Sep 21, 1976
Animas Corporation — Marketing Organization
- Feb 8, 1977
Heritage Pharma — Marketing Organization
- May 10, 1977
Lumara Health — Marketing Organization
- Sep 6, 1977
Fresenius — Marketing Organization
- Nov 30, 1977
Padagis Us — Marketing Organization
- Jan 20, 1978
Bioglan — Marketing Organization
- Apr 26, 1978
Ambix — Marketing Organization
- May 9, 1978
X Gen Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
- Jun 5, 1978
Mericon Pharma — Marketing Organization
- Jun 6, 1978
Del Laboratories — Marketing Organization
- Jul 24, 1978
Taro Pharmaceuticals — NDA Secondary Org
- Jul 24, 1978
Taro Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
- Nov 6, 1978
Ivax — Marketing Organization
- Nov 8, 1978
Steris — Marketing Organization
1980s
- Mar 3, 1980
Warner Chilcott — Marketing Organization
- Aug 29, 1980
Lederle — Marketing Organization
- Aug 29, 1980
American Cyanamid — NDA Secondary Org
- Feb 4, 1981
Baker Norton Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
- May 29, 1981
Lyphomed, Inc. — Marketing Organization
- Jun 23, 1981
Medicis — Marketing Organization
- Dec 1, 1981
Schering — NDA Secondary Org
- Dec 1, 1981
Schering-Plough — Marketing Organization
- Jan 13, 1982
Actavis — Marketing Organization
- Feb 12, 1982
Mylan — NDA Secondary Org
- Mar 29, 1982
Torch — Marketing Organization
- Jun 3, 1982
Puracap Pharmaceutical — Marketing Organization
- Jun 7, 1982
Alpharma — Marketing Organization
- Jun 7, 1982
Altana — Marketing Organization
- Jul 21, 1982
Lutipold — Marketing Organization
- Apr 8, 1983
Paddock Laboratories — Marketing Organization
- Apr 28, 1983
Par Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
- Apr 28, 1983
Xspire Pharma — Marketing Organization
- Sep 27, 1983
Upsher-Smith Laboratories — Marketing Organization
- Oct 3, 1983
Heran — Marketing Organization
- Nov 2, 1983
Roxane Laboratories — Marketing Organization
- Dec 15, 1983
Fera Development, LLC — Marketing Organization
- Jun 6, 1984
Allergan — Marketing Organization
- Jun 6, 1984
Salix — Marketing Organization
- Jun 6, 1984
SmithKline Beckman — Marketing Organization
- Jul 10, 1984
Merck — Marketing Organization
- Jul 10, 1984
Organon — NDA Secondary Org
- Oct 29, 1984
Novartis — Marketing Organization
- Sep 6, 1985
CMP Therapeutics Ltd — Marketing Organization
- Nov 25, 1985
Perrigo — Marketing Organization
- Apr 9, 1986
Dr. Reddy's Laboratories — Marketing Organization
- Feb 9, 1987
Pharmaderm — Marketing Organization
- Jan 25, 1988
Beta Dermaceuticals — Marketing Organization
- Mar 10, 1988
Naska Pharmacal — Marketing Organization
- May 17, 1988
Genus Oncology, LLC — Marketing Organization
- Feb 17, 1989
Topiderm — Marketing Organization
1990s
- Jan 1, 1990
Earliest Phase 2 Sponsor(trial)
- Jul 16, 1993
P&L Development — Marketing Organization
- Jul 25, 1994
Bausch & Lomb — Marketing Organization
- Jan 1, 1995
Earliest Phase 1 Sponsor(trial)
- Aug 30, 1996
Wockhardt — Marketing Organization
- Jul 29, 1999
Imperium Pharma — Marketing Organization
- Dec 3, 1999
Cp Pharma — Marketing Organization
- Dec 3, 1999
Chartwell Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
- Dec 3, 1999
Benuvia — Marketing Organization
2000s
- Oct 31, 2005
Amring Pharmaceticals — Marketing Organization
- Feb 6, 2006
Cosette — Marketing Organization
- Feb 6, 2006
Vintage — Marketing Organization
- Mar 30, 2007
Impax Laboratories — Marketing Organization
- Aug 15, 2008
ECR Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
- Aug 29, 2008
Mylan — Marketing Organization
- Feb 13, 2009
Eyevance — NDA Secondary Org
- Jun 17, 2009
Allergan — NDA Secondary Org
2010s
- Aug 3, 2010
Glenmark Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
- Aug 20, 2010
Rising Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
- Jul 12, 2011
Lyne Laboratories — Marketing Organization
- Dec 1, 2015
Aurobindo Pharma — Marketing Organization
- Apr 27, 2017
Pharmaceutics International, Inc. — Marketing Organization
- Apr 27, 2017
Esteve Labs — Marketing Organization
- Apr 27, 2017
Strides Pharma Science — Marketing Organization
- Jul 17, 2017
Larken Labs Inc — Marketing Organization
- Feb 9, 2018
Eyepoint Pharmaceuticals — NDA Secondary Org
- Apr 19, 2018
Somerset Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
- Jun 8, 2018
ANDA Repository — Marketing Organization
- Jul 23, 2018
Teligent Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
- Jul 23, 2018
Encube Ethicals Pvt. Ltd. — Marketing Organization
- Jul 27, 2018
Pharmaceutical Associates — Marketing Organization
- Aug 22, 2018
Amneal Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
- Nov 30, 2018
Ocular Therapeutix, Inc. — NDA Secondary Org
- Feb 15, 2019
Novitium Pharma — Marketing Organization
- Jul 25, 2019
Tasman Pharma — Marketing Organization
- Jul 25, 2019
TRUPHARMA — Marketing Organization
- Oct 3, 2019
Dexcel Pharma Technologies Ltd. — Marketing Organization
2020s
- Sep 29, 2020
Eton Pharmaceuticals, Inc. — Marketing Organization
- Sep 29, 2020
Eton Pharmaceuticals, Inc. — NDA Secondary Org
- Oct 16, 2023
Sciegen Pharmaceticals — Marketing Organization
- Feb 29, 2024
THINQ Pharma CRO Ltd. — Marketing Organization
- Nov 25, 2024
HIBROW HLTHCARE — Marketing Organization
Indications
Approved for
- Addison Disease
- Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital
- Adrenal Insufficiency
- Anemia, Aplastic
- Anemia, Hemolytic
- Arthritis, Gouty
- Arthritis, Juvenile
- Arthritis, Psoriatic
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid
- Asthma
- Brain Edema
- Bursitis
- Candidiasis
- Chorioretinitis
- Choroiditis
- Colitis, Ulcerative
- Conjunctivitis, Allergic
- Constipation
- Crohn Disease
- Dermatitis, Atopic
- Dermatitis, Contact
- Dermatitis, Exfoliative
- Dermatitis Herpetiformis
- Dermatitis, Seborrheic
- Diaper Rash
- Eczema (approved 1966)
- Erythema Multiforme
- Helicobacter pylori (approved 1996)
- Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus
- Hypercalcemia
- Ichthyosis (approved 1966)
- Infections
- Inflammation
- Iridocyclitis
- Iritis
- Keratitis
- Keratosis (approved 1966)
- Laryngeal Edema
- Leukemia
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic
- Lymphoma
- Mycoses
- Mycosis Fungoides
- Myocarditis
- Nephrotic Syndrome
- Ophthalmia, Sympathetic
- Optic Neuritis
- Osteoarthritis
- Pemphigus
- Peptic Ulcer
- Pneumonia
- Pruritus
- Psoriasis
- Pulmonary Eosinophilia
- Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic
- Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal
- Sarcoidosis
- Serum Sickness
- Skin Diseases
- Skin Diseases, Infectious
- Spondylitis, Ankylosing
- Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
- Synovitis
- Tennis Elbow
- Tenosynovitis
- Thrombocytopenia
- Thyroiditis, Subacute
- Tinea
- Tinea Cruris
- Tinea Pedis
- Transfusion Reaction
- Trichinellosis
- Tuberculosis, Meningeal
- Tuberculosis, Pulmonary
- Uveitis, Posterior
Studied for
- Abdominal Pain · Phase 4
- Accidents, Occupational · Phase 3
- Acidosis · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Acne Vulgaris · Phase 3
- Acute Pain · Phase 4
- Addison Disease · Phase 4
- Adenocarcinoma · Phase 2
- Adenoma · Phase 1
- Adjuvants, Anesthesia · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Adnexal Diseases · Phase 2
- Adrenal Gland Neoplasms · Phase 2
- Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital · Phase 3
- Adrenal Insufficiency · Phase 4
- Adrenocortical Adenoma · Phase 2
- Adrenocortical Carcinoma · Phase 2
- Adrenogenital Syndrome · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Adult · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Aging · Phase 2
- Airway Management · Phase 4
- Airway Obstruction · Phase 2
- Alcohol-Induced Disorders · Phase 3
- Allergy and Immunology · Phase 1
- Allogeneic Cells · Phase 1
- Allografts · Phase 1
- Alopecia Areata · Phase 3
- Altitude Sickness · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Amyloidosis · Phase 3
- Analgesia · Phase 4
- Analgesia, Patient-Controlled · Phase 4
- Analgesics · Phase 3
- Analgesics, Opioid · Phase 4
- Androgens · Phase 2
- Anemia · Phase 3
- Anemia, Refractory · Phase 3
- Anemia, Sickle Cell · Phase 3
- Anesthesia · Phase 4
- Anesthesia and Analgesia · Phase 4
- Anesthesia, Conduction · Phase 3
- Anesthesia, General · Phase 4
- Anesthesia, Local · Phase 4
- Anesthesia, Obstetrical · Phase 3
- Anesthesia, Spinal · Phase 4
- Angiotensin I · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Ankle Injuries · Phase 4
- Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries · Phase 4
- Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction · Phase 4
- Antigens, CD · Phase 1
- Anxiety · Phase 4
- Aortic Coarctation · Phase 1
- Appendicitis · Phase 2
- Arrhythmias, Cardiac · Phase 4
- Arthritis · Phase 4
- Arthritis, Gouty · Phase 2
- Arthrocentesis · Phase 2
- Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee · Phase 4
- Arthroscopy · Phase 4
- Asphyxia · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Asthma · Phase 4
- Astrocytoma · Phase 1
- Atrial Fibrillation · Phase 4
- Blast Crisis · Phase 2
- Blepharitis · Phase 3
- Blood Coagulation · Phase 3
- Blood Pressure · Phase 4
- Body Fluids · Phase 4
- Body Weight · Phase 1
- Bortezomib · Phase 2
- Brachial Plexus Block · Phase 4
- Brain Injuries, Traumatic · Phase 3
- Brain Neoplasms · Phase 2
- Breast Neoplasms · Phase 4
- Bronchiolitis · Phase 4
- Bronchiolitis, Viral · Phase 4
- Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia · Phase 3
- Burkitt Lymphoma · Phase 4
- Burns · Phase 4
- Candidiasis · Phase 4
- Candidiasis, Oral · Phase 3
- Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal · Phase 4
- Carcinoma · Phase 3
- Carcinoma, Hepatocellular · Phase 4
- Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung · Phase 3
- Carcinoma, Renal Cell · Phase 2
- Carcinoma, Transitional Cell · Phase 2
- Cardiac Output, Low · Phase 2
- Cardiopulmonary Bypass · Phase 3
- Cardiotoxicity · Phase 3
- Cardiovascular Diseases · Phase 3
- Cataract · Phase 4
- Cataract Extraction · Phase 3
- Cerebellar Diseases · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Cerebrospinal Fluid Otorrhea · Phase 4
- Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia · Phase 2
- Cesarean Section · Early Phase 1
- Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury · Phase 3
- Cholangiocarcinoma · Phase 2
- Choriocarcinoma · Phase 1
- Chorioretinitis · Phase 3
- Choroidal Neovascularization · Phase 2
- Choroid Plexus Neoplasms · Phase 1
- Chromosome Aberrations · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia · Phase 4
- Chronic Pain · Phase 4
- Cicatrix, Hypertrophic · Phase 4
- Clinical Trial · Phase 3
- Clotrimazole · Phase 3
- Colitis, Ulcerative · Phase 4
- Colonic Neoplasms · Phase 2
- Colorectal Neoplasms · Phase 3
- Community-Acquired Infections · Phase 4
- Conjunctivitis · Phase 4
- Conjunctivitis, Allergic · Phase 4
- Conjunctivitis, Bacterial · Phase 3
- Conjunctivitis, Viral · Phase 3
- Constipation · Phase 4
- Corneal Diseases · Phase 2
- Coronary Artery Disease · Phase 4
- Corticotrophs · Phase 4
- COVID-19 · Phase 4
- Craniopharyngioma · Phase 4
- Critical Illness · Phase 4
- Crohn Disease · Phase 3
- Croup · Phase 4
- Cyclophosphamide · Phase 2
- Cystitis, Interstitial · Phase 2
- Deglutition · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Deglutition Disorders · Phase 3
- Delirium · Phase 4
- Delivery, Obstetric · Phase 4
- Dengue · Phase 2
- Dental Pulp · Phase 4
- Depression · Early Phase 1
- De Quervain Disease · Phase 3
- Dermatitis · Phase 3
- Dermatitis, Atopic · Phase 4
- Dermatology · Phase 2
- Dexamethasone · Phase 4
- Dexmedetomidine · Phase 3
- Diabetes Mellitus · Phase 4
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 · Phase 1
- Diabetic Retinopathy · Phase 2
- DNA Mismatch Repair · Phase 1
- Down Syndrome · Phase 3
- Drug Delivery Systems · Phase 3
- Drug Evaluation · Phase 2
- Drug Interactions · Phase 3
- Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions · Phase 4
- Drugs, Investigational · Phase 2
- Drug Therapy · Phase 2
- Dry Eye Syndromes · Phase 3
- Ear Diseases · Phase 2
- Eczema · Phase 4
- Edema · Phase 4
- Elbow · Phase 1
- Empyema · Phase 2
- Encephalomalacia · Phase 2
- Endocrine Gland Neoplasms · Phase 2
- Endocrine System Diseases · Phase 2
- Endometrial Neoplasms · Phase 2
- Endoscopy · Phase 2
- Enteropathy-Associated T-Cell Lymphoma · Phase 4
- Ependymoma · Phase 1
- Epiretinal Membrane · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Erythema · Phase 1
- Esophageal Neoplasms · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Exanthema · Phase 2
- Exfoliation Syndrome · Phase 4
- Facial Pain · Phase 4
- Fallopian Tube Neoplasms · Phase 3
- Fasciitis, Plantar · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Fatigue · Phase 3
- Fever · Phase 2
- Fibromyalgia · Early Phase 1
- Folliculitis · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Foot Dermatoses · Phase 4
- Forearm Injuries · Phase 3
- Fractures, Bone · Phase 4
- Fuchs' Endothelial Dystrophy · Phase 2
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl · Phase 2
- Gabapentin · Phase 3
- General Surgery · Phase 4
- Genetic Diseases, Inborn · Phase 3
- Genital Diseases, Female · Phase 2
- Germinoma · Phase 1
- Gingival Recession · Phase 4
- Glaucoma · Phase 3
- Glaucoma, Open-Angle · Phase 4
- Glioblastoma · Phase 1
- Glioma · Phase 1
- Gliosarcoma · Phase 1
- Glomerulonephritis · Phase 2
- Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental · Phase 3
- Glucocorticoids · Phase 4
- Graft vs Host Disease · Phase 3
- Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor · Phase 2
- Graves Disease · Phase 4
- Growth and Development · Phase 3
- Hand-Foot Syndrome · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Hand Injuries · Phase 2
- Headache · Phase 4
- Head and Neck Neoplasms · Phase 2
- Healthy Volunteers · Phase 4
- Hearing Loss · Phase 2
- Hearing Loss, Sudden · Phase 3
- Heart Arrest · Phase 3
- Heart Defects, Congenital · Phase 3
- Heart Diseases · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Heart Failure · Phase 4
- HELLP Syndrome · Phase 4
- Hematologic Diseases · Phase 2
- Hematologic Neoplasms · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic · Phase 4
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation · Phase 2
- Hemodynamics · Phase 4
- Hemorrhoids · Phase 3
- Hepatectomy · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Hepatic Insufficiency · Phase 1
- Hepatitis B · Phase 4
- Hernia, Femoral · Phase 3
- Hernia, Inguinal · Phase 3
- Heroin Dependence · Phase 1
- Herpes Labialis · Phase 3
- Herpes Simplex · Phase 3
- Hip Dislocation · Phase 4
- Hip Fractures · Phase 4
- HIV · Phase 3
- HIV Infections · Phase 3
- Hodgkin Disease · Phase 3
- Hyperbilirubinemia · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Hyperglycemia · Phase 4
- Hyperkalemia · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Hypersensitivity · Phase 3
- Hypogonadism · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Hyponatremia · Phase 1
- Hypotension · Phase 3
- Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain · Phase 2/Phase 3
- IgA Vasculitis · Phase 2
- Ileitis · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Immunoglobulin Light-chain Amyloidosis · Phase 3
- Immunoglobulin Light Chains · Phase 3
- Immunoglobulins · Phase 3
- Inappropriate ADH Syndrome · Phase 1
- Infant, Low Birth Weight · Phase 3
- Infant, Newborn · Phase 3
- Infant, Newborn, Diseases · Phase 3
- Infant, Premature · Phase 3
- Infant, Premature, Diseases · Phase 2
- Infant, Small for Gestational Age · Phase 3
- Infant, Very Low Birth Weight · Phase 3
- Infections · Phase 3
- Infertility · Phase 4
- Inflammation · Phase 4
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases · Phase 2
- Influenza, Human · Phase 3
- Inosine Triphosphate · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Insulin Resistance · Early Phase 1
- Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction · Phase 4
- Intraocular Lymphoma · Phase 2
- Intraocular Pressure · Phase 4
- Iris · Phase 3
- Jaundice · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Jet Lag Syndrome · Phase 2
- Keloid · Phase 4
- Keratectomy · Phase 4
- Keratitis · Phase 3
- Keratoconus · Phase 2
- Ketamine · Phase 3
- Kidney Calculi · Phase 2
- Kidney Diseases · Phase 4
- Kidney Failure, Chronic · Phase 4
- Kidney Neoplasms · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Kidney Transplantation · Phase 4
- Knee Injuries · Phase 3
- Labor, Obstetric · Phase 4
- Labor Pain · Phase 3
- Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases · Phase 1
- Leiomyosarcoma · Phase 2
- Leptospirosis · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Leukemia · Phase 4
- Leukemia, B-Cell · Phase 2
- Leukemia, Biphenotypic, Acute · Phase 2
- Leukemia, Large Granular Lymphocytic · Phase 1
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell · Phase 4
- Leukemia, Lymphoid · Phase 4
- Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell · Phase 2
- Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute · Phase 3
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive · Phase 3
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute · Phase 3
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic, Atypical, BCR-ABL Negative · Phase 3
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic-Phase · Phase 2
- Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Acute · Phase 3
- Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic · Phase 3
- Leukemia, Plasma Cell · Phase 2
- Leukemia, T-Cell · Phase 2
- Lichen Planus · Phase 2
- Lichen Planus, Oral · Phase 3
- Lidocaine · Phase 3
- Liposarcoma · Phase 2
- Liposarcoma, Myxoid · Phase 2
- Liver Cirrhosis · Phase 3
- Liver Diseases · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Liver Neoplasms · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Liver Transplantation · Phase 3
- Low Back Pain · Phase 4
- Lumbar Vertebrae · Phase 1
- Lung Diseases · Phase 3
- Lung Neoplasms · Phase 4
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic · Phase 3
- Lymphoma · Phase 4
- Lymphoma, B-Cell · Phase 4
- Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone · Phase 2
- Lymphoma, Extranodal NK-T-Cell · Phase 3
- Lymphoma, Follicular · Phase 3
- Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse · Phase 3
- Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Anaplastic · Phase 4
- Lymphoma, Large-Cell, Immunoblastic · Phase 3
- Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell · Phase 4
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin · Phase 3
- Lymphoma, Primary Cutaneous Anaplastic Large Cell · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Lymphoma, T-Cell · Phase 4
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous · Phase 1
- Lymphoma, T-Cell, Peripheral · Phase 4
- Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis · Phase 2
- Lymphoproliferative Disorders · Phase 2
- Macular Degeneration · Phase 4
- Macular Edema · Phase 4
- Mandibular Diseases · Phase 2
- Mastectomy · Phase 4
- Mastectomy, Modified Radical · Phase 4
- Mediastinal Neoplasms · Phase 4
- Medulloblastoma · Phase 1
- Melanoma · Phase 2
- Meniere Disease · Phase 3
- Meningioma · Phase 1
- Meningitis, Cryptococcal · Phase 2
- Menorrhagia · Phase 2
- Mesothelioma · Phase 2
- Metabolic Diseases · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Migraine Disorders · Phase 4
- Mitral Valve Insufficiency · Phase 4
- Mortality · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Mouth Neoplasms · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Multiple Myeloma · Phase 4
- Multiple Organ Failure · Phase 2
- Multiple Sclerosis · Phase 1
- Mutation · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Mycoses · Phase 3
- Myelodysplastic-Myeloproliferative Diseases · Phase 2
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes · Phase 3
- Myeloma Proteins · Phase 3
- Myeloproliferative Disorders · Phase 3
- Myofascial Pain Syndromes · Phase 4
- Narcotics · Phase 4
- Nasal Surgical Procedures · Phase 4
- Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma · Phase 2
- Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms · Phase 2
- Nausea · Phase 4
- Neoplasm Metastasis · Phase 3
- Neoplasms · Phase 4
- Neoplasms, Adnexal and Skin Appendage · Phase 1
- Neoplasms by Histologic Type · Phase 1
- Neoplasms by Site · Phase 2
- Neoplasms, Connective and Soft Tissue · Phase 1
- Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal · Phase 1
- Neoplasms, Plasma Cell · Phase 3
- Neoplastic Cells, Circulating · Phase 2
- Neovascularization, Pathologic · Phase 2
- Nephrosis · Phase 3
- Nephrotic Syndrome · Phase 2
- Nerve Block · Phase 4
- Nervous System Diseases · Phase 3
- Neuralgia · Phase 3
- Neuroblastoma · Phase 3
- Neurocysticercosis · Phase 3
- Neuroectodermal Tumors · Phase 1
- Neuromuscular Blockade · Phase 4
- Neutropenia · Phase 3
- Obesity · Phase 1
- Ocular Hypertension · Phase 4
- Oligodendroglioma · Phase 1
- Opioid-Related Disorders · Phase 2
- Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome · Phase 3
- Oral Manifestations · Phase 3
- Oral Submucous Fibrosis · Phase 3
- Osteoarthritis · Phase 4
- Osteoarthritis, Hip · Phase 4
- Osteoarthritis, Knee · Phase 4
- Osteosarcoma · Phase 1
- Otitis · Phase 2
- Otitis Externa · Phase 3
- Otitis Media · Phase 4
- Otomycosis · Phase 3
- Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases · Phase 2
- Ovarian Diseases · Phase 2
- Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome · Phase 3
- Ovarian Neoplasms · Phase 4
- Ovulation · Phase 3
- Oximetry · Phase 3
- Pain · Phase 4
- Pain Measurement · Phase 4
- Pancreatic Fistula · Phase 4
- Pancreatic Neoplasms · Phase 4
- Pancreatitis · Phase 2
- Papilledema · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Parkinson Disease · Phase 2
- Pathologic Processes · Phase 3
- Pediatrics · Phase 1
- Pelvic Organ Prolapse · Phase 3
- Pemphigus · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Peripheral Arterial Disease · Phase 4
- Peritoneal Neoplasms · Phase 3
- Personal Satisfaction · Phase 4
- Pharmacokinetics · Phase 3
- Pharmacology · Phase 2
- Pharyngitis · Phase 4
- Philadelphia Chromosome · Phase 2
- Phimosis · Phase 4
- Phobic Disorders · Phase 2
- Pituitary Neoplasms · Phase 4
- Plasmablastic Lymphoma · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Plasmacytoma · Phase 3
- Pleura · Phase 2
- Pneumonia · Phase 3
- Pneumonia, Viral · Phase 3
- POEMS Syndrome · Phase 2
- Polycystic Ovary Syndrome · Phase 3
- Postoperative Cognitive Complications · Phase 4
- Postoperative Complications · Phase 4
- Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting · Phase 4
- Postoperative Pain · Phase 4
- Pouchitis · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma · Phase 4
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma · Phase 4
- Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma · Phase 2
- Pregnancy · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Premature Birth · Phase 4
- Prognosis · Phase 2
- Prostatic Neoplasms · Phase 4
- Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant · Phase 2
- Prostheses and Implants · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Prurigo · Phase 2
- Pruritus · Phase 4
- Pseudophakia · Phase 2
- Psoriasis · Phase 4
- Psychological Distress · Phase 4
- Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive · Phase 4
- Pulmonary Fibrosis · Phase 2
- Purpura · Phase 3
- Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic · Phase 4
- Radiation Pneumonitis · Phase 2
- Radiculopathy · Phase 4
- Radiodermatitis · Phase 3
- Rectal Neoplasms · Phase 2
- Renal Insufficiency · Phase 3
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic · Phase 2
- Respiration, Artificial · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Respiratory Distress Syndrome · Phase 4
- Respiratory Insufficiency · Phase 3
- Respiratory Tract Infections · Phase 4
- Retinal Detachment · Phase 4
- Retinal Diseases · Phase 4
- Retinal Vein Occlusion · Phase 4
- Retinoblastoma · Phase 1
- Rhabdoid Tumor · Phase 1
- Rheumatic Diseases · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial · Phase 3
- Rotator Cuff Injuries · Phase 3
- Sarcoidosis · Phase 3
- Sarcoma · Phase 3
- Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal · Phase 2
- Sciatica · Phase 1
- Sclerosis · Phase 3
- Sepsis · Phase 4
- Sexual Health · Phase 3
- Sezary Syndrome · Phase 2
- Shock · Phase 4
- Shock, Septic · Phase 4
- Shoulder Impingement Syndrome · Phase 4
- Shoulder Injuries · Phase 4
- Shoulder Pain · Phase 3
- Signs and Symptoms, Respiratory · Phase 4
- Sinusitis · Phase 4
- Sjogren's Syndrome · Phase 4
- Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases · Phase 4
- Skin Diseases · Phase 3
- Sleep Apnea, Obstructive · Phase 3
- Sleep Apnea Syndromes · Phase 3
- Sleep Disorders, Intrinsic · Phase 1
- Small Cell Lung Carcinoma · Phase 3
- Smoldering Multiple Myeloma · Phase 2
- Snake Bites · Phase 4
- Spinal Cord Neoplasms · Phase 1
- Spinal Injuries · Phase 3
- Spinal Stenosis · Phase 4
- Spondylosis · Phase 4
- Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck · Phase 2
- Status Asthmaticus · Phase 4
- ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Steroids · Phase 4
- Stomatitis · Phase 2
- Stomatitis, Aphthous · Early Phase 1
- Stomatitis, Denture · Phase 2
- Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic · Phase 4
- Stress, Physiological · Phase 3
- Stress, Psychological · Phase 3
- Surgical Wound Infection · Phase 3
- Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome · Phase 4
- Tendon Injuries · Phase 3
- Tennis Elbow · Phase 3
- Tenosynovitis · Phase 3
- Testicular Neoplasms · Phase 3
- Therapeutics · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Thoracic Surgery · Phase 4
- Thrombocytopenia · Phase 2
- Thyroid Diseases · Phase 3
- Thyroidectomy · Phase 3
- Tinea · Phase 3
- Tinea Cruris · Phase 3
- Tinea Pedis · Phase 3
- Tonsillectomy · Phase 4
- Tonsillitis · Phase 4
- Tooth Abnormalities · Phase 4
- Translocation, Genetic · Phase 2
- Traumatology · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Treatment Refusal · Phase 2
- Trigger Finger Disorder · Phase 4
- Tuberculosis · Phase 3
- Tuberculosis, Meningeal · Phase 4
- Urinary Bladder Diseases · Phase 2
- Urinary Bladder Neoplasms · Phase 2
- Urinary Tract Infections · Phase 3
- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Uterine Neoplasms · Phase 2
- Uveitis · Phase 4
- Uveitis, Anterior · Phase 3
- Uveitis, Intermediate · Phase 4
- Uveitis, Posterior · Phase 4
- Vagina · Phase 3
- Vaginal Discharge · Phase 3
- Vaginal Diseases · Phase 4
- Vaginitis · Phase 3
- Vaginosis, Bacterial · Phase 4
- Vascular Calcification · Phase 1
- Vascular Diseases · Phase 4
- Ventricular Remodeling · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Vision Disorders · Phase 4
- Vitrectomy · Phase 2
- Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative · Phase 3
- Vomiting · Phase 4
- Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia · Phase 3
- Whiplash Injuries · Phase 2
- Wilms Tumor · Phase 1
- Wounds and Injuries · Phase 3
- Xerostomia · Phase 2
Mechanism of action
- Glucocorticoid receptorAGONIST
NR3C1 agonist
- Cytochrome P450 51INHIBITOR
ERG11 inhibitor
Has also been implicated as a therapy for sickle cell anemia, by inhibiting the gardos channel, causing dehydration of the cells (PMID: 8636434)
Combination products
casporyn hc
with neomycin, polymyxin b sulfate
Also known as neomycin and polymyxin b sulfates and hydrocortisone, oticair, pediotic
chloromycetin hydrocortisone
with chloramphenicol
cipro hc
with ciprofloxacin
coly-mycin s
with thonzonium bromide, neomycin, colistin
cortisporin
with bacitracin, neomycin, polymyxin b sulfate
Also known as bacitracin-neomycin-polymyxin w/ hydrocortisone acetate, neomycin and polymyxin b sulfates, bacitracin zinc and hydrocortisone
lotrisone
with betamethasone
neo-cort-dome
with neomycin
Also known as cor-oticin, neo-cortef
ophthocort
pramosone
with pramocaine
Also known as epifoam, proctofoam hc
pyocidin
with polymyxin b sulfate
Also known as otobiotic
terra-cortril
with oxytetracycline
vosol hc
with acetic acid
Also known as acetasol hc, acetic acid w/ hydrocortisone, hydrocortisone and acetic aci
xerese
with aciclovir
Approval history
- approvedDec 21, 1951
Chemistry & pharmacology
SMILES
Clc1ccccc1C(c1ccccc1)(c1ccccc1)n1ccnc1- Mol. weight
- 344.85 g/mol
- Lipinski Ro5
- 1 violation(s)
- Rule of 3
- No
- Chirality
- Achiral Molecule
- Inorganic
- No
- Polymer
- No
- Delivery
- Oral, Topical
- Availability
- Over the Counter
Oral
Yes
Parenteral
No
Topical
Yes
Sources
- WikipediaUrea ↗
- ChEMBLCHEMBL2109152 ↗
- ChEMBLCHEMBL1549 ↗
- ChEMBLCHEMBL1200968 ↗
- ChEMBLCHEMBL1091 ↗
- ChEMBLCHEMBL104 ↗
- NCATSW6KX9E6D8X ↗
- NCATST5L8T28FGP ↗
- NCATSG07GZ97H65 ↗
- ChEMBLCHEMBL985 ↗
- NCATS8W8T17847W ↗
Also known as
- (11alpha,14beta)-11,17,21-trihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione
- (11alpha,14beta)-11,17,21-trihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione
- (11beta)-11,17,21-trihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione
- (11beta)-11,17,21-trihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione
- 11beta,17,21-trihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione 21- (dihydrogen phosphate)
- 11beta,17alpha,21-trihydroxy-4-pregnene-3,20-dione
- 11beta,17alpha,21-trihydroxy-4-pregnene-3,20-dione
- 11beta-hydrocortisone
- 11beta-hydrocortisone
- 11β-hydrocortisone
- 11β-hydrocortisone
- 1-((2-chlorophenyl)diphenylmethyl)-1h-imidazole
- 1-((2-chlorophenyl)diphenylmethyl)-1h-imidazole
- 16alpha-methyl-9alpha-fluoro-1-dehydrocortisol
- 16alpha-methyl-9alpha-fluoro-1-dehydrocortisol
- 16α-methyl-9α-fluoro-1-dehydrocortisol
- 16α-methyl-9α-fluoro-1-dehydrocortisol
- 17-hydroxycorticosterone
- 17-hydroxycorticosterone
- 17-hydroxycorticosterone
- 1-(alpha-(2-chlorophenyl)benzhydryl)imidazole
- 1-(alpha-(2-chlorophenyl)benzhydryl)imidazole
- 1-dehydro-16alpha-methyl-9alpha-fluorohydrocortisone
- 1-dehydro-16alpha-methyl-9alpha-fluorohydrocortisone
- 1-dehydro-16α-methyl-9α-fluorohydrocortisone
- 1-dehydro-16α-methyl-9α-fluorohydrocortisone
- 1-(o-chloro-alpha,alpha-diphenylbenzyl)imidazole
- 1-(o-chloro-alpha,alpha-diphenylbenzyl)imidazole
- 1-(o-chlorotrityl)imidazole
- 1-(o-chlorotrityl)imidazole
- 1-(o-chloro-α,α-diphenylbenzyl)imidazole
- 1-(o-chloro-α,α-diphenylbenzyl)imidazole
- 1-(α-(2-chlorophenyl)benzhydryl)imidazole
- 1-(α-(2-chlorophenyl)benzhydryl)imidazole
- 21-(acetyloxy)-11,17-dihydroxypregn-4- ene-3,20-dione
- 4-pregnen-11beta,17alpha,21-triol-3,20-dione
- 4-pregnen-11beta,17alpha,21-triol-3,20-dione
- 9alpha-fluoro-16alpha-methylprednisolone
- 9alpha-fluoro-16alpha-methylprednisolone
- 9α-fluoro-16α-methylprednisolone
- 9α-fluoro-16α-methylprednisolone
- abtrim
- actavall
- alpha keri
- aquadrate
- aquadrate
- ashbourne emollient
- aveeno
- balneol
- balneol
- balneum plus
- bay-5097
- bay-5097
- betaine - lactic acid - urea
- betaine, lactic acid, urea drug combination
- calmurid
- calmurid
- calmurid
- candiden
- canesten
- canesten
- canesten af
- canesten crm combi
- canesten internal
- canesten vc
- carbamide
- carbamide
- carbamide
- carbamide
- carbamimidic acid
- chloromycetin hydrocort
- clotrimazole
- clotrimazole
- clotrimazole
- clotrimazole
- clotrimazole
- clotrimazole
- clotrimazole
- clotrimazole
- clotrimazole
- clotrimazole
- clotrimazole
- clotrimazole - hydrocortisone
- clotrimazole-hydrocortisone
- clotrimazole, hydrocortisone drug combination
- dermalo
- doublebase
- dricort
- e927b
- e927b
- efcortesol
- efcortesol
- emmolate
- emmolate
- emulsiderm
- eucerin
- eucerin
- flexifoot
- flexitol
- food grade mineral oil
- fortecortin
- fortecortin
- fortecortin
- fungederm
- gioxizone
- gnf-pf-3499
- gnf-pf-3499
- gppe emollient
- gyne-lotrimin
- gyne-lotrimin
- gyne-lotrimin 3
- gyne-lotrimin 3
- gyne-lotrimin 3 combination pack
- gyne-lotrimin 3 combination pack
- gyne-lotrimin combination pack
- gyne-lotrimin combination pack
- gynix
- gynix
- heavy liquid petrolatum
- heavy mineral oil
- kendall's compound f
- kendall's compound f
- lacri-lube
- lanacort
- lanacort
- limethason
- limethasone
- liq paraf light
- liquid paraffin
- liquid paraffin
- liquid petrolatum
- locasten
- lotrimin
- lotrimin
- lotrimin
- lotrimin (tn)
- lotrimin (tn)
- lubri-tears
- masnoderm
- mineral oil
- mineral oil
- mineral oil
- mineral oil, heavy
- mineral oil (high viscosity)
- mineral oils
- mycelex
- mycelex
- mycelex-7
- mycelex-7
- mycelex-7 combination pack
- mycelex-7 combination pack
- mycelex-g
- mycelex-g
- mycelex (tn)
- mycelex (tn)
- mycil gold
- neo-cultol
- neofordex
- nujol
- nutraplus
- oilatum jnr
- orabase hca
- oxycort
- oxycort a
- paraffin, liquid
- paraffin, liquid
- paraffin oil
- paraffinum liquidum
- petrolagar
- petrolatum, liquid
- pregn-4-ene-3,20-dione, 11,17,21-trihydroxy-, (11beta)-, mixt. with 1-((2-chlorophenyl)diphenylmethyl)-1h-imidazole
- privacom
- rae's
- reichstein's substance m
- reichstein's substance m
- rimazole
- sential e
- solu- decadron
- sterile urea
- st.james balm
- trimysten
- trimysten
- trivagizole 3
- trivagizole 3
- urea
- urea
- urea
- urea
- urea
- urea
- urea
- urea
- urea
- urea
- ureaphil
- ureaphil
- ureaphil
- white mineral oil
- zerolatum
- zerolatum plus
Clinical trials
| NCT ID | Phase | Start date | Sponsor(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT07245238 | Phase 3 | Nov 5, 2025 | KhonKaen University |
| NCT06366230 | Phase 1/Phase 2 (Phase 2) | Jul 1, 2025 | University of California, San Francisco |
| NCT07033962 | N/A | Jun 30, 2025 | Assiut University |
| NCT07012343 | N/A | Jan 13, 2025 | Chulalongkorn University, Health Systems Research Institute, Thailand |
| NCT07162454 | N/A | Nov 1, 2024 | Universidad Complutense de Madrid |
| NCT06391034 | Phase 2 | Sep 24, 2024 | National Cancer Institute (NCI), University of California, San Francisco |
| NCT06427889 | Phase 4 | Aug 7, 2024 | Malmö University |
| NCT06583369 | N/A | Mar 25, 2024 | Peking University |
| NCT06553417 | N/A | Jun 1, 2023 | Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, L'Oreal |
| NCT05939726 | N/A | May 16, 2023 | Avantsar Sdn. Bhd., Sarawak General Hospital, Univerisiti Sains Malaysia |
| NCT05792826 | N/A | Apr 1, 2023 | Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine |
| NCT05550350 | Phase 3 | Mar 31, 2023 | Eyepoint Pharmaceuticals |
| NCT05550363 | Phase 3 | Mar 31, 2023 | Eyepoint Pharmaceuticals |
| NCT05641246 | Phase 2 | Dec 8, 2022 | Cairo University, German University in Cairo |
| NCT06429306 | Phase 3 | Aug 22, 2022 | Ocumension Therapeutics (Shanghai) Co., Ltd |
| NCT05428202 | Phase 1 | Mar 28, 2022 | Erciyes University, MonitorCRO |
| NCT04727606 | Phase 2 | Dec 31, 2021 | University of Montreal |
| NCT05348278 | Phase 2/Phase 3 (Phase 3) | Dec 20, 2021 | Mahidol University, Siriraj Hospital |
| NCT05157711 | Phase 3 | Nov 25, 2021 | Church & Dwight Company, Inc. |
| NCT05588258 | N/A | Nov 2, 2021 | Universidad Complutense de Madrid |
Organizations
Research & Development (1,042)
| Organization | Org type | Trials | As lead sponsor | Phases | Earliest year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Government | 252 | 97 | 4 | 1992 |
| Celgene | For profit | 111 | 31 | 4 | 1998 |
| University of Texas at Houston | Academic/Hospital | 85 | 73 | 5 | 1996 |
| Johnson and Johnson | For profit | 58 | 40 | 4 | 2000 |
| Harvard University | Academic/Hospital | 56 | 39 | 5 | 1994 |
| Cornell University | Academic/Hospital | 51 | 40 | 5 | 1990 |
| Mayo Clinic | Academic/Hospital | 51 | 37 | 5 | 1993 |
| Millennium Pharmaceuticals | For profit | 40 | 12 | 5 | 2005 |
| Novartis | For profit | 40 | 15 | 4 | 2001 |
| Amgen | For profit | 39 | 17 | 3 | 2005 |
| Bristol-Myers Squibb | For profit | 36 | 21 | 4 | 2006 |
| Merck | For profit | 35 | 19 | 5 | 2003 |
| Hoosier Cancer Research Network | Academic/Hospital | 30 | 26 | 3 | 1994 |
| Allergan | For profit | 28 | 18 | 5 | 2004 |
| University of Toronto | Academic/Hospital | 26 | 20 | 5 | 2000 |
| University of Washington | Academic/Hospital | 25 | 13 | 5 | 1995 |
| St. Jude Children's Hospital | Academic/Hospital | 24 | 22 | 4 | 1993 |
| Sun Yat-Sen University | Academic/Hospital | 24 | 22 | 5 | 2007 |
| University of Chicago | Academic/Hospital | 24 | 16 | 5 | 1996 |
| Southwest Oncology Group | Academic/Hospital | 22 | 17 | 2 | 1994 |
Marketing (192)
| Organization | Org type | Relationship | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ANDA Repository | For profit | MKTG | Jun 8, 2018 |
| Able Laboratories | For profit | MKTG | — |
| Actavis | For profit | MKTG | Jan 13, 1982 |
| Akorn, Inc. | For profit | MKTG | Oct 26, 1968 |
| Akorn, Inc. | For profit | NDA2 | Jun 23, 1961 |
| Alcon | For profit | MKTG | Oct 23, 1973 |
| Alcon | For profit | SYN | Jul 21, 1986 |
| Allergan | For profit | NDA2 | Jun 17, 2009 |
| Allergan | For profit | MKTG | Jun 6, 1984 |
| Alpharma | For profit | MKTG | Jun 7, 1982 |
| Altana | For profit | MKTG | Jun 7, 1982 |
| Ambix | For profit | MKTG | Apr 26, 1978 |
| American Cyanamid | For profit | NDA2 | Aug 29, 1980 |
| Amneal Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Aug 22, 2018 |
| Amneal Pharmaceuticals | For profit | SYN | Aug 22, 2018 |
| Amring Pharmaceticals | For profit | MKTG | Oct 31, 2005 |
| Ani Pharmaceuticals | For profit | NDA2 | Jan 12, 1966 |
| Ani Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Oct 20, 1971 |
| Animas Corporation | For profit | MKTG | Sep 21, 1976 |
| Aspen Pharmaceuticals | For profit | NDA2 | Dec 21, 1960 |
| Athenex, Inc. | For profit | MKTG | — |
| Aurobindo Pharma | For profit | MKTG | Dec 1, 2015 |
| Baker Norton Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Feb 4, 1981 |
| Barr Laboratories | For profit | MKTG | Mar 6, 1974 |
| Bausch & Lomb | For profit | MKTG | Jul 25, 1994 |
| Bausch Health Companies | For profit | MKTG | Sep 25, 1972 |
| Bausch Health Companies | For profit | SYN | Jul 1, 1982 |
| Bausch Health Companies | For profit | NDA2 | Dec 22, 1971 |
| Bayer | For profit | SYN | Oct 19, 1964 |
| Bayer | For profit | NDA2 | Mar 24, 1976 |
| Bayer | For profit | SYN | Jan 15, 1979 |
| Bayer | For profit | MKTG | — |
| Belmar Pharmacy | For profit | MKTG | Jan 21, 1974 |
| Benuvia | For profit | MKTG | Dec 3, 1999 |
| Beta Dermaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Jan 25, 1988 |
| Bioglan | For profit | MKTG | Jan 20, 1978 |
| Bluline | For profit | MKTG | — |
| C&M Pharmacy | For profit | MKTG | Mar 20, 1973 |
| CMP Therapeutics Ltd | For profit | MKTG | Sep 6, 1985 |
| Casper Pharma LLC | For profit | MKTG | May 10, 1971 |
| Casper Pharma LLC | For profit | NDA2 | May 10, 1971 |
| Chartwell Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Dec 3, 1999 |
| Chartwell Pharmaceuticals | For profit | SYN | May 7, 1976 |
| Colgate | For profit | MKTG | Mar 6, 1973 |
| Cosette | For profit | MKTG | Feb 6, 2006 |
| Cp Pharma | For profit | MKTG | Dec 3, 1999 |
| Crown Laboratories, Inc. | For profit | MKTG | Feb 28, 1973 |
| DERM RX | For profit | MKTG | Feb 28, 1973 |
| Del Laboratories | For profit | MKTG | Jun 6, 1978 |
| Dermik Laboratories | For profit | MKTG | Sep 26, 1972 |
| Dexcel Pharma Technologies Ltd. | For profit | MKTG | Oct 3, 2019 |
| Dow Pharmaceutical Sciences | For profit | MKTG | Apr 26, 1972 |
| Dr. Reddy's Laboratories | For profit | MKTG | Apr 9, 1986 |
| ECR Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Aug 15, 2008 |
| Elkins Sinn | For profit | MKTG | — |
| Encube Ethicals Pvt. Ltd. | For profit | MKTG | Jul 23, 2018 |
| Endo Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | May 17, 1962 |
| Endo Pharmaceuticals | For profit | NDA2 | May 17, 1962 |
| Endo Pharmaceuticals | For profit | SYN | May 17, 1962 |
| Epic Pharma Llc | For profit | MKTG | Oct 26, 1968 |
| Esteve Labs | For profit | MKTG | Apr 27, 2017 |
| Eton Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | For profit | MKTG | Sep 29, 2020 |
| Eton Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | For profit | NDA2 | Sep 29, 2020 |
| Everylife Foundation for Rare Diseases | Academic/Hospital | MKTG | — |
| Eyepoint Pharmaceuticals | For profit | NDA2 | Feb 9, 2018 |
| Eyevance | For profit | NDA2 | Feb 13, 2009 |
| Fera Development, LLC | For profit | SYN | May 13, 1976 |
| Fera Development, LLC | For profit | MKTG | Dec 15, 1983 |
| Ferndale Laboratories, Inc. | For profit | MKTG | Nov 13, 1973 |
| Fondazione Golgi Cenci | Academic/Hospital | MKTG | — |
| Forest Laboratories | For profit | MKTG | Oct 11, 1972 |
| Fougera | For profit | MKTG | Jan 12, 1973 |
| Fougera | For profit | SYN | Apr 30, 1976 |
| Fresenius | For profit | MKTG | Sep 6, 1977 |
| G & W Laboratories Inc. | For profit | MKTG | — |
| Genus Oncology, LLC | For profit | MKTG | May 17, 1988 |
| Genus Oncology, LLC | For profit | SYN | May 17, 1988 |
| Glenmark Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Aug 3, 2010 |
| Glenmark Pharmaceuticals | For profit | SYN | Oct 30, 2015 |
| HIBROW HLTHCARE | For profit | MKTG | Nov 25, 2024 |
| Healthpoint | For profit | MKTG | Jan 6, 1976 |
| Heran | For profit | MKTG | Oct 3, 1983 |
| Heritage Pharma | For profit | MKTG | Feb 8, 1977 |
| Hi Tech Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Jun 23, 1961 |
| Hikma | For profit | MKTG | Jun 18, 1973 |
| Hikma | For profit | SYN | May 19, 1975 |
| Hikma | For profit | MKTG | Jul 29, 2004 |
| Hospira | For profit | NDA2 | Oct 5, 1966 |
| INGRAM PHARM | For profit | MKTG | — |
| Impax Laboratories | For profit | MKTG | Mar 30, 2007 |
| Imperium Pharma | For profit | MKTG | Jul 29, 1999 |
| Inwood Laboratories | For profit | MKTG | — |
| Ivax | For profit | MKTG | Nov 6, 1978 |
| John J. Ferrante | For profit | MKTG | May 1, 1972 |
| Johnson and Johnson | For profit | MKTG | Dec 19, 1974 |
| LEGACY PHARMA | For profit | MKTG | Feb 28, 1973 |
| Lannett Company, Inc. | For profit | MKTG | May 7, 1976 |
| Lannett Company, Inc. | For profit | SYN | Jul 30, 2003 |
| Larken Labs Inc | For profit | MKTG | Jul 17, 2017 |
| Lederle | For profit | MKTG | Aug 29, 1980 |
| Lumara Health | For profit | MKTG | May 10, 1977 |
| Lutipold | For profit | MKTG | Jul 21, 1982 |
| Lyne Laboratories | For profit | MKTG | Jul 12, 2011 |
| Lyphomed, Inc. | For profit | MKTG | May 29, 1981 |
| Marnel Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Feb 28, 1973 |
| Medicis | For profit | MKTG | Jun 23, 1981 |
| Merck | For profit | MKTG | Jul 10, 1984 |
| Merck | For profit | NDA2 | Dec 21, 1951 |
| Merck | For profit | NDA | Oct 1, 1925 |
| Mericon Pharma | For profit | MKTG | Jun 5, 1978 |
| Mission Pharmacal | For profit | MKTG | Dec 22, 1971 |
| Monarch Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Mar 26, 1957 |
| Monarch Pharmaceuticals | For profit | NDA2 | Mar 26, 1957 |
| Mylan | For profit | MKTG | Aug 29, 2008 |
| Mylan | For profit | SYN | Jul 26, 1978 |
| Mylan | For profit | SYN | Sep 1, 1976 |
| Mylan | For profit | NDA2 | Feb 12, 1982 |
| Naska Pharmacal | For profit | MKTG | Mar 10, 1988 |
| Nexgen Pharma, Inc | For profit | MKTG | Mar 9, 1973 |
| Novartis | For profit | MKTG | Oct 29, 1984 |
| Novartis | For profit | NDA2 | Jun 20, 1962 |
| Novitium Pharma | For profit | MKTG | Feb 15, 2019 |
| Ocular Therapeutix, Inc. | For profit | NDA2 | Nov 30, 2018 |
| Organon | For profit | NDA2 | Jul 10, 1984 |
| P&L Development | For profit | MKTG | Jul 16, 1993 |
| Padagis Us | For profit | MKTG | Nov 30, 1977 |
| Paddock Laboratories | For profit | MKTG | Apr 8, 1983 |
| Panray Corp. | For profit | NDA2 | Jan 19, 1955 |
| Par Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Apr 28, 1983 |
| Parke-Davis | For profit | MKTG | Dec 9, 1953 |
| Parke-Davis | For profit | NDA2 | Dec 9, 1953 |
| Perrigo | For profit | MKTG | Nov 25, 1985 |
| Perrigo | For profit | SYN | Apr 14, 1981 |
| Perrigo | For profit | SYN | Nov 30, 1977 |
| Pfizer | For profit | NDA2 | May 24, 1972 |
| Pfizer | For profit | MKTG | Sep 18, 1969 |
| Pharmaceutical Associates | For profit | MKTG | Jul 27, 2018 |
| Pharmaceutics International, Inc. | For profit | MKTG | Apr 27, 2017 |
| Pharmacia & Upjohn | For profit | NDA2 | Dec 15, 1952 |
| Pharmacia & Upjohn | For profit | MKTG | May 18, 1965 |
| Pharmaderm | For profit | MKTG | Feb 9, 1987 |
| Pharmafair | For profit | MKTG | — |
| Phoenix Laboratories | For profit | MKTG | Sep 9, 1974 |
| Puracap Pharmaceutical | For profit | MKTG | Jun 3, 1982 |
| Rising Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Aug 20, 2010 |
| Rising Pharmaceuticals | For profit | SYN | Aug 20, 2010 |
| Roxane Laboratories | For profit | MKTG | Nov 2, 1983 |
| STI Pharma, LLC | For profit | MKTG | Sep 21, 1976 |
| Salix | For profit | MKTG | Jun 6, 1984 |
| Sandoz | For profit | MKTG | May 31, 1974 |
| Sandoz | For profit | SYN | Aug 25, 1983 |
| Saptalis Pharmaceuticals | For profit | NDA2 | Jun 23, 1961 |
| Schering | For profit | NDA2 | Dec 1, 1981 |
| Schering | For profit | MKTG | — |
| Schering-Plough | For profit | NDA2 | Feb 3, 1975 |
| Schering-Plough | For profit | MKTG | Dec 1, 1981 |
| Sciegen Pharmaceticals | For profit | MKTG | Oct 16, 2023 |
| Sebela Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Aug 13, 1976 |
| SmithKline Beckman | For profit | MKTG | Jun 6, 1984 |
| Solvay | For profit | MKTG | Dec 18, 1975 |
| Somerset Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Apr 19, 2018 |
| Somerset Pharmaceuticals | For profit | SYN | Jun 8, 2018 |
| Squibb | For profit | MKTG | — |
| Steris | For profit | MKTG | Nov 8, 1978 |
| Stiefel Laboratories | For profit | MKTG | — |
| Strides Pharma Science | For profit | MKTG | Apr 27, 2017 |
| Sun Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Jun 21, 1974 |
| Syosset | For profit | MKTG | — |
| THINQ Pharma CRO Ltd. | For profit | MKTG | Feb 29, 2024 |
| TRUPHARMA | For profit | MKTG | Jul 25, 2019 |
| Taro Pharmaceuticals | For profit | NDA2 | Jul 24, 1978 |
| Taro Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Jul 24, 1978 |
| Tasman Pharma | For profit | MKTG | Jul 25, 2019 |
| Teligent Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Jul 23, 2018 |
| Teligent Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Jul 23, 2018 |
| Teva | For profit | MKTG | Sep 15, 1972 |
| Teva | For profit | SYN | Aug 31, 1990 |
| Teva | For profit | SYN | May 27, 1994 |
| Teva | For profit | SYN | May 24, 1982 |
| Topiderm | For profit | MKTG | Feb 17, 1989 |
| Torch | For profit | MKTG | Mar 29, 1982 |
| UCB | For profit | NDA2 | Sep 17, 1962 |
| Upsher-Smith Laboratories | For profit | MKTG | Sep 27, 1983 |
| Vintage | For profit | MKTG | Feb 6, 2006 |
| Warner Chilcott | For profit | MKTG | Mar 3, 1980 |
| Watson Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Jun 15, 1972 |
| West-Ward Pharmaceutical | For profit | MKTG | May 19, 1975 |
| Whiteworth Towne Paulsen | For profit | MKTG | May 18, 1973 |
| Wockhardt | For profit | MKTG | Aug 30, 1996 |
| Wockhardt | For profit | SYN | Jul 27, 1983 |
| X Gen Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | May 9, 1978 |
| Xspire Pharma | For profit | MKTG | Apr 28, 1983 |