CDEK
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vitamin e

Small moleculeapproved

Approved

Jul 28, 1947

Tocopherol (alpha tocopheryl nicotinate) is an ester of tocopherol and nicotinic acid. Vitamin E (Tocopherol) is sold commercially as the esterified form (alpha tocopheryl acetate, alpha tocopheryl succinate and alpha tocopheryl nicotinate). Alpha tocopheryl nicotinate has antioxidant and vasodilatory properties. It can be used as a mild warming agent, without producing the redness typical for nicotinic acid. Tocopherol (alpha tocopheryl nicotinate) has been available in Japan since 1967. Tocopherol under the brand name Juvela N is approved in Japan for the treatment of symptoms accompanying hypertension, hyperlipidemia, peripheral circulatory disturbance resulting from arteriosclerosis obliterans. Tocopherol has being shown to inhibit platelet aggregation. — NCATS

Clinical trial activity

353 trials · 371 clinical orgs · 8 marketing orgs

Phase 1
46
Phase 2
151
Phase 3
88
Phase 4
38

Earliest trial started May 1, 1984 (NCT00000114)

Timeline

1940s

  1. Jul 28, 1947

    Roche — Earliest FDA Approval

  2. Jul 28, 1947

    Roche — NDA Secondary Org

  3. Jul 28, 1947

    Roche — NDA Organization

1950s

  1. Feb 20, 1953

    Hospira — NDA Secondary Org

1980s

  1. Nov 6, 1981

    Abraxis — NDA Secondary Org

  2. Jul 13, 1982

    Watson Pharmaceuticals — NDA Secondary Org

  3. Jan 1, 1984

    Earliest Phase 3 Sponsor(trial)

1990s

  1. Jan 1, 1993

    Earliest Phase 2 Sponsor(trial)

  2. Jan 1, 1998

    Earliest Phase 1 Sponsor(trial)

2000s

  1. May 18, 2000

    Sandoz — NDA Secondary Org

  2. May 18, 2000

    Novartis — NDA Secondary Org

2020s

  1. Apr 9, 2026

    Apotex — Marketing Organization

Indications

Approved for

Studied for

Mechanism of action

  • Unspecified targetOTHER

    Supplement

    Parenteral nutrition supplement.

  • Unspecified targetOTHER

    Nutritional support

  • Unspecified targetAntioxidant

    Antioxidant

Combination products

Approval history

  • approvedJul 28, 1947

Chemistry & pharmacology

Loading structure…

SMILES

CC(=O)Oc1c(C)c(C)c2c(c1C)CC[C@@](C)(CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)O2
Mol. weight
472.75 g/mol
Lipinski Ro5
1 violation(s)
Rule of 3
No
Chirality
Single Stereoisomer
Inorganic
No
Polymer
No
Availability
Discontinued

Oral

No

Parenteral

No

Topical

No

Sources

Also known as

  • 2 (3-hydroxy-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadecyl)- 3,5,6-trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinone
  • (2r)-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-[(4r,8r)-4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl]chroman-6-ol
  • (2r)-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-[(4r,8r)-4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl]chroman-6-ol
  • (2r,4'r,8'r)-α-tocopherol
  • (2r,4'r,8'r)-α-tocopherol
  • 5,7,8-trimethyltocol
  • 5,7,8-trimethyltocol
  • alfacol
  • alfa-tocopherol
  • alpha-d-tocopherol
  • alpha-d-tocopherol poly(ethylene glycol) 2000 succinate
  • alpha-tea
  • alpha-tea
  • alphatocopherol
  • .alpha.-tocopherol
  • alpha tocopherol
  • alpha tocopherol
  • alpha tocopherol
  • alpha-tocopherol
  • alpha-tocopherol
  • alpha-tocopherol
  • alpha-tocopherol
  • alpha-tocopherol
  • .alpha.-tocopherol acetate
  • (+)-alpha-tocopherol acetate
  • alpha-tocopherol acetate
  • alpha-tocopherol acetate
  • alpha-tocopherol acetate
  • alpha-tocopherol acetate
  • alpha-tocopherol acetate
  • .alpha.-tocopherol acetate, d-
  • .alpha.-tocopherol acetate, dl-
  • alpha-tocopherol acetate, dl-
  • .alpha.-tocopherol, d-
  • .alpha.-tocopherol, d-
  • .alpha.-tocopherol, d-
  • alpha-tocopherol, d-
  • .alpha.-tocopherol, dl-
  • alpha-tocopherol, dl-
  • alpha-tocopherol nicotinate
  • alpha-tocopherolquinone
  • alpha-tocopherolquinone
  • alpha-tocopherolquinone
  • alpha-tocopherol quinone
  • alpha-tocopherol succinate
  • .alpha.-tocopherol succinate, d-
  • alpha-tocopherol succinate, d-
  • alpha-tocopheryl acetate
  • alpha-tocopheryl acetate
  • (+)-alpha-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate
  • alpha-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate
  • alpha-tocopheryl quinone
  • alpha-tocoquinone
  • alpha-tocotrienol
  • alpha-tocotrienol
  • alpha-tocotrienol
  • aquasol e
  • aquasol e
  • bio-e-vit
  • contopheron
  • d-alpha-tocopherol
  • d-alpha-tocopherol acetate
  • davina
  • delta-tocopherylquinone
  • dl-alpha-tocopherol
  • dl-alpha-tocopherol
  • dl-alpha-tocopheryl acetate
  • dl-alpha-tocopheryl acetate
  • d-α-tocopherol
  • d-α-tocopherol
  • e307
  • e307
  • eastman vitamin e tpgs
  • e-caps
  • ephynal
  • ephynal
  • eprolin
  • eprolin
  • e-tabs
  • eutrophyl
  • e-vicotrat
  • e-vicotrat
  • fort-e-vite
  • fort-e-vite 1000
  • fort-e-vite plus
  • fort-e-vite super plus
  • gamma tocopherol
  • gamma tocopherol
  • gamma-tocopherol
  • gamma-tocopherol
  • gamma-tocopherylquinone
  • harris
  • harris
  • jarrow for
  • mixoed tocopherols
  • mono-(2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-6-chromanyl) succinate polyethylene glycol monoester
  • natopherol
  • natopherol
  • poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), alpha-(4-((3,4-dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-2h-1-benzopyran-6-yl)oxy)-1,4-dioxobutyl-omega-hydroxy-
  • (r,r,r)-α-tocopherol
  • (r,r,r)-α-tocopherol
  • sigma
  • sigma
  • syntopherol
  • tocofer 400
  • tocofersolan
  • tocofersolan
  • tocofersolan
  • tocofersolan
  • tocofersolan
  • tocofersolan
  • tocofersolan
  • tocofersolan
  • tocopherol
  • tocopherol
  • tocopherol
  • tocopherol
  • tocopherol
  • tocopherol acetate
  • tocopherol acetate
  • tocopherol acetate
  • tocopherol acetate
  • tocopherol alpha
  • tocopherol alpha
  • tocopherol nicotinate
  • tocopherol nicotinate
  • tocopherol nicotinate
  • tocopherol nicotinate
  • tocopherol poly(ethylene glycol) 2000 succinate
  • tocopherol polyethylene glycol succinate
  • tocopherolquinone
  • tocopherol succinate
  • tocopherol succinate
  • tocopherol (vit e)
  • tocopherol (vit e)
  • tocophersolan
  • tocophersolan
  • tocophersolan
  • tocophersolan
  • tocophersolan, (2r-(2r*(4r*,8r*)))-isomer
  • tocopheryl acetate
  • tocopheryl acetate
  • tocopheryl acetate, d-alpha
  • tocopheryl acetate, d-alpha
  • tocopheryl acetate, dl-alpha
  • tocopheryl acetate, dl-alpha
  • tocopheryl acid succinate
  • tocopheryl acid succinate
  • tocopheryl acid succinate
  • tocopheryl acid succinate, d-alpha
  • tocopheryl acid succinate, d-alpha
  • tocopheryl acid succinate,d-alpha
  • tocopheryl hemisuccinate
  • tocopheryl nicotinate
  • tocopheryl poly(ethylene glycol) 1000 succinate
  • tocopherylquinone
  • tocopherylquinone, ((3r*,7r*,11r*)-(+-))-isomer
  • tocotrienol, alpha
  • tocotrienol-rich-fraction
  • tpgs
  • tpgs
  • tpgs
  • tpgs 2k
  • trf
  • vedrop
  • vedrop
  • vitamin e
  • vitamin e
  • vitamin e
  • vitamin e
  • vitamin e
  • vitamin e
  • vitamin e
  • vitamin e
  • vitamin e
  • vitamin e
  • vitamin e acetate
  • vitamin e acetate
  • vitamin e acid succinate
  • vitamine e peg-1000-succinate
  • vitamin e nicotinate
  • vitamin e quinone
  • vitamin e succinate
  • vitamin e-tpgs
  • vitamins e
  • (+)-α-tocopherol
  • (+)-α-tocopherol
  • α-tocopherol
  • α-tocopherol

Clinical trials

NCT IDPhaseStart dateSponsor(s)
NCT07303803Phase 2Jan 1, 2026Chipscreen Biosciences, Ltd., Jiao Tong University
NCT07312123N/ADec 8, 2025BREGO Life Sciences Sdn Bhd, Univerisiti Sains Malaysia
NCT06912763Phase 2Aug 8, 2025University of Texas at Houston
NCT06926712Phase 4Jun 30, 2025Assiut University
NCT06985394N/AMay 14, 2025University of Delaware
NCT06950736N/AMay 5, 2025Zhengzhou University
NCT06915701Phase 2/Phase 3 (Phase 3)Apr 28, 2025University of Guadalajara
NCT06871904Phase 1/Phase 2 (Phase 2)Apr 1, 2025University of Karachi, Ziauddin University
NCT06847880Phase 1Feb 23, 2025University of Baghdad
NCT06634056Phase 2Nov 30, 2024AstraZeneca, University of Toronto
NCT06494111Phase 2Nov 29, 2024University of Texas at Houston
NCT06623227N/ASep 28, 2024University of Hasanuddin, University of Indonesia, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia
NCT06775548N/ASep 2, 2024Ziauddin University
NCT06519097Phase 2Jul 9, 2024National Cancer Institute (NCI), University of South Florida
NCT06848101N/AMar 15, 2024University of Illinois
NCT06105060Early Phase 1 (Phase 1)Dec 17, 2023Beni Suef University
NCT05795647Phase 2Nov 20, 2023University of Limoges
NCT05958303N/AOct 31, 2023National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), University of Wisconsin
NCT06081257N/AOct 15, 2023Zhejiang University
NCT07104786Phase 2Aug 24, 2023King Edward Medical University
Showing 20 of 353 trials
Page 1 / 18

Organizations

Research & Development (371)

OrganizationOrg typeTrialsAs lead sponsorPhasesEarliest year
National Cancer Institute (NCI)Government23241992
University of TorontoAcademic/Hospital11932001
National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH)Government9241999
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)Government9331992
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)Government9742000
University of North Carolina at Chapel HillAcademic/Hospital9832006
Department of Veteran AffairsGovernment8441999
Ain Shams UniversityAcademic/Hospital7742013
Augusta UniversityAcademic/Hospital7632005
National Institute on Aging (NIA)Government7331996
National Institutes of Health (NIH)Government7142000
Harvard UniversityAcademic/Hospital6431992
Miguel Hernández UniversityAcademic/Hospital6612015
National Eye Institute (NEI)Government6521984
University of Texas at HoustonAcademic/Hospital6431999
Government of MalaysiaGovernment5022007
The University of Texas, DallasAcademic/Hospital5132001
University of GuadalajaraAcademic/Hospital5522011
University of IndonesiaAcademic/Hospital5332006
University of PennsylvaniaAcademic/Hospital5332009
371 organizations
Page 1 / 19

Marketing (9)

OrganizationOrg typeRelationshipDate
AbraxisFor profitNDA2Nov 6, 1981
ApotexFor profitMKTGApr 9, 2026
HospiraFor profitNDA2Feb 20, 1953
NovartisFor profitNDA2May 18, 2000
RocheFor profitNDA2Jul 28, 1947
RocheFor profitNDAJul 28, 1947
SandozFor profitNDA2May 18, 2000
Teligent PharmaceuticalsFor profitNDA2—
Watson PharmaceuticalsFor profitNDA2Jul 13, 1982