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sodium bicarbonate

Small moleculeapproved

Approved

Dec 7, 1953

Diammonium carbonate is a salt with the chemical formula (NH4)2CO3. Since it readily degrades to gaseous ammonia and carbon dioxide upon heating, it is used as a leavening agent and also as smelling salt. Ammonium carbonate may be used as a leavening agent in traditional recipes, particularly those from northern Europe and Scandinavia (e.g. Speculoos, Tunnbröd or Lebkuchen). It also serves as an acidity regulator and has the E number E503. Ammonium carbonate is the main component of smelling salts, although the commercial scale of their production is small. Buckley's cough syrup from Canada today uses ammonium carbonate as an active ingredient intended to help relieve symptoms of bronchitis. Ammonium carbonate is also used as an emetic. — NCATS

Clinical trial activity

271 trials · 277 clinical orgs · 66 marketing orgs

Phase 1
34
Phase 2
75
Phase 3
53
Phase 4
64

Earliest trial started Jun 24, 1996 (NCT06046924)

Timeline

1950s

  1. Dec 7, 1953

    Evidence of US Marketing

  2. Dec 7, 1953

    Earliest FDA Approval

  3. Dec 7, 1953

    DAVA Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

1970s

  1. Sep 5, 1979

    Bristol-Myers — Marketing Organization

1980s

  1. Oct 28, 1981

    Nestle — First NDA Organization

  2. Oct 28, 1981

    Alcon — Marketing Organization

  3. Oct 28, 1981

    Nestle — NDA Secondary Org

  4. Oct 28, 1981

    Nestle — NDA Organization

  5. Jul 13, 1984

    Braintree Laboratories — Marketing Organization

  6. Jul 13, 1984

    Braintree Laboratories — NDA Secondary Org

  7. Oct 26, 1984

    Mylan — NDA Secondary Org

  8. Feb 14, 1985

    Bristol-Myers Squibb — Marketing Organization

  9. Aug 7, 1985

    Mallinckrodt — Marketing Organization

  10. Aug 7, 1985

    Avon Products — NDA Secondary Org

  11. Apr 30, 1986

    Hospira — NDA Secondary Org

  12. May 9, 1986

    Norbrook — Marketing Organization

  13. Jun 3, 1986

    Abbott — NDA Secondary Org

  14. Jun 13, 1986

    Abraxis — Marketing Organization

  15. Sep 16, 1986

    West-Ward Pharmaceutical — Marketing Organization

  16. Apr 20, 1988

    Dynapharm — Marketing Organization

  17. Dec 23, 1988

    Goldline — Marketing Organization

1990s

  1. Oct 15, 1990

    Barr Laboratories — Marketing Organization

  2. Aug 23, 1991

    Pharmacia & Upjohn — Marketing Organization

  3. Nov 27, 1991

    Akorn, Inc. — Marketing Organization

  4. Nov 27, 1991

    Akorn, Inc. — NDA Secondary Org

  5. Nov 27, 1991

    Epic Pharma Llc — NDA Secondary Org

  6. Jan 28, 1992

    Vintage — Marketing Organization

  7. Aug 1, 1994

    Hikma — Marketing Organization

  8. Sep 27, 1996

    Lukare Medical — Marketing Organization

  9. Sep 27, 1996

    Lukare Medical — NDA Secondary Org

  10. Feb 26, 1999

    Fresenius — Marketing Organization

  11. Jun 17, 1999

    Duramed Research — Marketing Organization

2000s

  1. Jan 1, 2004

    Earliest Phase 1 Sponsor(trial)

  2. Jan 1, 2004

    Earliest Phase 3 Sponsor(trial)

  3. Jun 15, 2004

    Salix — NDA Secondary Org

  4. Dec 21, 2004

    Santarus — Marketing Organization

  5. Dec 21, 2004

    Santarus — NDA Secondary Org

  6. Nov 9, 2005

    Hospira — Marketing Organization

  7. Jan 1, 2006

    Earliest Phase 2 Sponsor(trial)

  8. Jul 26, 2006

    Henry Schein, Inc — NDA Secondary Org

  9. Jul 26, 2006

    Watson Pharmaceuticals — NDA Secondary Org

  10. Oct 25, 2006

    Baxalta — Marketing Organization

  11. Oct 25, 2006

    Baxalta — NDA Secondary Org

  12. Apr 30, 2007

    Accord Research — Marketing Organization

  13. Mar 31, 2009

    Sandoz — Marketing Organization

  14. May 27, 2009

    Novel Anti-Infective Technologies, LLC — Marketing Organization

  15. Dec 1, 2009

    Bayer — Marketing Organization

  16. Dec 1, 2009

    RILEY CONSUMER — NDA Secondary Org

2010s

  1. Jan 8, 2010

    Pharmachemie Bv — Marketing Organization

  2. Jan 28, 2010

    Mylan — Marketing Organization

  3. Feb 25, 2010

    Paddock Laboratories — Marketing Organization

  4. May 25, 2010

    Par Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

  5. Apr 13, 2015

    Strides Pharma Science — Marketing Organization

  6. May 21, 2015

    Sun Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

  7. Mar 4, 2016

    Pfizer — Marketing Organization

  8. Jul 15, 2016

    Unicorn Pacific Corporation — Marketing Organization

  9. Jul 15, 2016

    Actavis — Marketing Organization

  10. Jul 15, 2016

    Ajanta Pharma Ltd — Marketing Organization

  11. Jul 15, 2016

    Dr. Reddy's Laboratories — Marketing Organization

  12. Jul 15, 2016

    Perrigo — Marketing Organization

  13. Jul 15, 2016

    Chartwell Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

  14. Aug 19, 2016

    Aurobindo Pharma — Marketing Organization

  15. Dec 6, 2016

    Sciegen Pharmaceticals — Marketing Organization

  16. Mar 8, 2017

    Esteve Labs — Marketing Organization

  17. Mar 8, 2017

    Nostrum Laboratories — Marketing Organization

  18. Apr 25, 2017

    Silvergate Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

  19. Apr 25, 2017

    Azurity — Marketing Organization

  20. Sep 19, 2017

    International Medication — Marketing Organization

  21. Dec 22, 2017

    Amneal Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

  22. Mar 16, 2018

    Zydus Discovery DMCC — Marketing Organization

  23. Aug 9, 2018

    Sagent Pharmaceuticals, Inc. — Marketing Organization

  24. Jun 20, 2019

    Exela Pharma Sciences, LLC. — Marketing Organization

2020s

  1. Jan 30, 2020

    Eugia Pharma — Marketing Organization

  2. Apr 30, 2020

    Guardian Drug — Marketing Organization

  3. Apr 30, 2020

    ANDA Repository — Marketing Organization

  4. Apr 23, 2021

    Lotus Pharmaceutical — Marketing Organization

  5. Aug 30, 2022

    Azurity — NDA Secondary Org

  6. Jun 15, 2023

    OMNIVIUM PHARMS — Marketing Organization

  7. Jun 28, 2023

    STERISCIENCE — Marketing Organization

  8. Aug 7, 2023

    Daito Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

Indications

Approved for

Studied for

Mechanism of action

  • Unspecified targetBuffer

    buffer

Combination products

Approval history

  • approvedPriority reviewDec 7, 1953
  • approvedPriority reviewDec 7, 1953

Chemistry & pharmacology

Loading structure…

SMILES

OC([O-])=O
Mol. weight
61.0168 g/mol
Lipinski Ro5
Pass
Rule of 3
Yes
Chirality
Achiral Molecule
Inorganic
No
Polymer
No
Availability
Over the Counter

Oral

No

Parenteral

No

Topical

No

Sources

Also known as

  • alka seltzer
  • alka seltzer
  • anhydrous sodium carbonate
  • anhydrous sodium carbonate
  • ash
  • ash
  • baking soda
  • baking soda
  • baking soda
  • bicarbinate
  • bicarbonate
  • bicarbonate
  • bicarbonate of soda
  • bicarbonate of soda
  • carbonic acid, disodium salt
  • carbonic acid, disodium salt
  • carbonic acid monopotassium salt
  • carbonic acid, monopotassium salt
  • carbonic acid, monopotassium salt
  • carbonic acid monosodium salt
  • carbonic acid monosodium salt
  • carbonic acid sodium salt
  • carbonic acid sodium salt (1:2)
  • carbonic acid sodium salt (1:2)
  • dialysate
  • dialysate sodium
  • disodium carbonate
  • disodium carbonate
  • disodium carbonate
  • disodium carbonate, 14c-labeled cpd
  • disodium carbonate, heptahydrate
  • disodium carbonate, monohydrate
  • e500
  • e500
  • e500
  • e 500
  • e 500
  • e-500
  • e-500
  • fraxinus
  • k2co3
  • khco3
  • kondrium
  • monopotassium carbonate
  • monosodium carbonate
  • monosodium carbonate
  • monosodium carbonate, 14c-labeled cpd
  • monosodium carbonate, monohydrate
  • nahco3
  • nahco3
  • natriumhydrogenkarbonat
  • natriumhydrogenkarbonat
  • natriumkarbonat
  • natriumkarbonat
  • natrum carbonicum
  • natrum carbonicum
  • neut
  • neut
  • nurse harveys
  • peritoneal dialysis fluid
  • potassium bicarbonate
  • potassium bicarbonate
  • potassium bicarbonate
  • potassium bicarbonate
  • potassium bicarbonate
  • potassium bicarbonate
  • potassium bicarbonate
  • potassium carbonate
  • potassium carbonate
  • potassium carbonate
  • potassium carbonate sesquihydrate
  • potassium hydrocarbonate
  • potassium hydrogencarbonate
  • potassium hydrogencarbonate
  • potassium hydrogencarbonate
  • potassium hydrogen carbonate
  • potassium hydrogen carbonate
  • potassium hydrogen carbonate
  • pot eff
  • s-bicarb
  • s-bicarb sf
  • soda ash
  • soda ash
  • soda-ash
  • soda-ash
  • soda mint
  • soda mint
  • sodibic
  • sodium acid carbonate
  • sodium acid carbonate
  • sodium bicarbonate
  • sodium bicarbonate
  • sodium bicarbonate
  • sodium bicarbonate
  • sodium bicarbonate
  • sodium bicarbonate
  • sodium bicarbonate
  • sodium bicarbonate
  • sodium bicarbonate
  • sodium carbonate
  • sodium carbonate
  • sodium carbonate
  • sodium carbonate
  • sodium carbonate
  • sodium carbonate
  • sodium carbonate
  • sodium carbonate (2:3), dihydrate
  • sodium carbonate (4:5)
  • sodium carbonate anhydrous
  • sodium carbonate anhydrous
  • sodium carbonate anhydrous
  • sodium carbonate (anhydrous)
  • sodium carbonate (anhydrous)
  • sodium carbonate, anhydrous
  • sodium carbonate, anhydrous
  • sodium carbonate decahydrate
  • sodium carbonate, hydrate
  • sodium hydrogencarbonate
  • sodium hydrogencarbonate
  • sodium hydrogen carbonate
  • sodium hydrogen carbonate
  • sodium hydrogen carbonate
  • sodium hydrogen carbonate
  • sodium salt of carbonic acid
  • sodium salt of carbonic acid
  • thamicarb

Clinical trials

NCT IDPhaseStart dateSponsor(s)
NCT07273539N/AOct 27, 2025Healeon Medical Inc, University of Birmingham
NCT07010744N/AJun 30, 2025Dhaka Medical College
NCT07008222N/AJun 30, 2025University of California, San Diego
NCT06999993Phase 2/Phase 3 (Phase 3)Jun 20, 2025Misr University for Science and Technology
NCT06955871N/AApr 29, 2025Colgate Palmolive
NCT06661902Phase 1/Phase 2 (Phase 2)Feb 28, 2025University of Washington
NCT06270134N/AJan 31, 2025Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), McMaster University, University of Western Ontario
NCT06632184Phase 4Dec 6, 2024Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social
NCT06335537Phase 1Oct 31, 2024University of California, Irvine
NCT06591494Phase 2/Phase 3 (Phase 3)Sep 15, 2024Zhejiang University
NCT06579690Phase 3Sep 1, 2024Busitema University, Cures Within Reach, Open Philanthropy Project, University of Liverpool, University of Oslo
NCT06249061N/AJun 30, 2024McMaster University, Trillium Health Partners, University of Western Ontario
NCT06622525N/AMay 1, 2024Hospital General de Mexicali, Universidad Autonoma de Baja California
NCT06966635Phase 4Apr 10, 2024Fudan University
NCT06734481N/AApr 1, 2024Ningbo University
NCT06292091Phase 1Feb 28, 2024Seoul National University
NCT07312721Phase 4Jan 5, 2024Shahida Islam Medical Complex
NCT06186622Phase 1Jan 2, 2024Eli Lilly
NCT06047366Phase 4Dec 5, 2023Indiana University, United States Army
NCT05814146Phase 4Aug 31, 2023Harvard University
Showing 20 of 271 trials
Page 1 / 14

Organizations

Research & Development (277)

OrganizationOrg typeTrialsAs lead sponsorPhasesEarliest year
BayerFor profit7732008
University of Colorado, DenverAcademic/Hospital6622014
Department of Veteran AffairsGovernment5342008
GlaxoSmithKlineFor profit5532012
Mansoura UniversityAcademic/Hospital5432018
Austin HealthAcademic/Hospital4422006
Isfahan UniversityAcademic/Hospital4222007
University of ZurichAcademic/Hospital4432011
Aarhus UniversityAcademic/Hospital3222010
Ain Shams UniversityAcademic/Hospital3222020
Alexandria UniversityAcademic/Hospital3322018
Bausch Health CompaniesFor profit3122008
Cairo UniversityAcademic/Hospital3222018
DLR German Aerospace CenterAcademic/Hospital3312007
Indiana UniversityAcademic/Hospital3221999
Mayo ClinicAcademic/Hospital3222008
McMaster UniversityAcademic/Hospital3312018
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)Government3032011
Ospedale Misericordia e Dolce, PratoAcademic/Hospital3312004
Poznan UniversityAcademic/Hospital3312014
277 organizations
Page 1 / 14

Marketing (95)

OrganizationOrg typeRelationshipDate
ANDA RepositoryFor profitMKTGApr 30, 2020
AbbottFor profitNDA2Jun 3, 1986
AbraxisFor profitMKTGJun 13, 1986
Accord ResearchFor profitMKTGApr 30, 2007
ActavisFor profitMKTGJul 15, 2016
Ajanta Pharma LtdFor profitMKTGJul 15, 2016
Akorn, Inc.For profitMKTGNov 27, 1991
Akorn, Inc.For profitNDA2Nov 27, 1991
AlconFor profitMKTGOct 28, 1981
AlconFor profitSYNJul 24, 2008
Amneal PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGDec 22, 2017
Aurobindo PharmaFor profitMKTGAug 19, 2016
Aurobindo PharmaFor profitSYNNov 7, 2016
Aurobindo PharmaFor profitSYNFeb 5, 2004
Avon ProductsFor profitNDA2Aug 7, 1985
AzurityFor profitMKTGApr 25, 2017
AzurityFor profitNDA2Aug 30, 2022
Barr LaboratoriesFor profitMKTGOct 15, 1990
BaxaltaFor profitMKTGOct 25, 2006
BaxaltaFor profitNDA2Oct 25, 2006
BayerFor profitMKTGDec 1, 2009
Braintree LaboratoriesFor profitMKTGJul 13, 1984
Braintree LaboratoriesFor profitSYNJan 18, 2013
Braintree LaboratoriesFor profitNDA2Jul 13, 1984
Bristol-MyersFor profitMKTGSep 5, 1979
Bristol-Myers SquibbFor profitMKTGFeb 14, 1985
Bristol-Myers SquibbFor profitSYNApr 14, 1989
Chartwell PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGJul 15, 2016
DAVA PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGDec 7, 1953
Daito PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGAug 7, 2023
Dr. Reddy's LaboratoriesFor profitMKTGJul 15, 2016
Dr. Reddy's LaboratoriesFor profitSYNJul 15, 2016
Duramed ResearchFor profitMKTGJun 17, 1999
DynapharmFor profitMKTGApr 20, 1988
E Z EMFor profitMKTG—
Epic Pharma LlcFor profitNDA2Nov 27, 1991
Esteve LabsFor profitSYNMar 8, 2017
Esteve LabsFor profitMKTGMar 8, 2017
Eugia PharmaFor profitMKTGJan 30, 2020
Eugia PharmaFor profitSYNMar 29, 2012
Exela Pharma Sciences, LLC.For profitMKTGJun 20, 2019
Exela Pharma Sciences, LLC.For profitSYNJun 20, 2019
FreseniusFor profitMKTGFeb 26, 1999
GoldlineFor profitMKTGDec 23, 1988
Guardian DrugFor profitMKTGApr 30, 2020
Henry Schein, IncFor profitNDA2Jul 26, 2006
HikmaFor profitMKTGAug 1, 1994
HikmaFor profitSYNSep 16, 1986
HospiraFor profitSYNApr 30, 1986
HospiraFor profitSYNMar 4, 2016
HospiraFor profitNDA2Apr 30, 1986
HospiraFor profitMKTGNov 9, 2005
International MedicationFor profitMKTGSep 19, 2017
Lotus PharmaceuticalFor profitMKTGApr 23, 2021
Lukare MedicalFor profitMKTGSep 27, 1996
Lukare MedicalFor profitNDA2Sep 27, 1996
MallinckrodtFor profitMKTGAug 7, 1985
MylanFor profitMKTGJan 28, 2010
MylanFor profitSYNFeb 5, 2004
MylanFor profitSYNOct 26, 1984
MylanFor profitSYNMar 29, 2012
MylanFor profitNDA2Oct 26, 1984
NestleFor profitNDA2Oct 28, 1981
NestleFor profitNDAOct 28, 1981
NorbrookFor profitMKTGMay 9, 1986
Nostrum LaboratoriesFor profitMKTGMar 8, 2017
Novel Anti-Infective Technologies, LLCFor profitMKTGMay 27, 2009
OMNIVIUM PHARMSFor profitMKTGJun 15, 2023
Paddock LaboratoriesFor profitMKTGFeb 25, 2010
Par PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGMay 25, 2010
PerrigoFor profitMKTGJul 15, 2016
PerrigoFor profitSYNFeb 25, 2010
PfizerFor profitMKTGMar 4, 2016
Pharmachemie BvFor profitMKTGJan 8, 2010
Pharmachemie BvFor profitSYNJul 8, 1988
Pharmacia & UpjohnFor profitMKTGAug 23, 1991
RILEY CONSUMERFor profitNDA2Dec 1, 2009
STERISCIENCEFor profitMKTGJun 28, 2023
Sagent Pharmaceuticals, Inc.For profitMKTGAug 9, 2018
SalixFor profitNDA2Jun 15, 2004
SandozFor profitMKTGMar 31, 2009
SandozFor profitSYNMar 31, 2009
SantarusFor profitMKTGDec 21, 2004
SantarusFor profitSYNJun 15, 2004
SantarusFor profitNDA2Dec 21, 2004
Sciegen PharmaceticalsFor profitMKTGDec 6, 2016
Silvergate PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGApr 25, 2017
Strides Pharma ScienceFor profitMKTGApr 13, 2015
Sun PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGMay 21, 2015
Unicorn Pacific CorporationFor profitMKTGJul 15, 2016
VintageFor profitMKTGJan 28, 1992
Watson PharmaceuticalsFor profitNDA2Jul 26, 2006
West-Ward PharmaceuticalFor profitMKTGSep 16, 1986
Zydus Discovery DMCCFor profitMKTGMar 16, 2018
Zydus Discovery DMCCFor profitSYNMar 16, 2018