doxycycline

Trade name: vibramycin

Small moleculeapproved

Approved

Dec 5, 1967

Doxycycline hyclate (Vibramycin, Periostat, Vibra-Tabs) is salt of tetracycline antibiotic Doxycycline, that used to treat many kinds of infections, like dental, skin, respiratory, and urinary tract infections. It also treats acne, Lyme disease, malaria, and certain sexually transmitted diseases. Doxycycline hyclate is a light-yellow crystalline powder which is soluble in water, while doxycycline monohydrate is very slightly soluble in water. Doxycycline is bacteriostatic, inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis due to disruption of transfer RNA and messenger RNA at ribosomal sites. Doxycycline hyclate is indicated for use in the treatment of chronic adult periodontitis for a gain in clinical attachment, reduction in probing depth, and reduction in bleeding on probing. — NCATS

Clinical trial activity

363 trials · 374 clinical orgs · 74 marketing orgs

Phase 1

Phase 2

155

Phase 3

Phase 4

Earliest trial started Jan 1, 1994 (NCT00207584)

Timeline

1960s

Dec 5, 1967
Pfizer — Earliest FDA Approval
Dec 5, 1967
Pfizer — NDA Organization

1970s

Jun 18, 1973
Rachelle Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
Jul 17, 1973
Watson Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

1980s

Sep 30, 1982
Mutual Pharmaceutical — Marketing Organization
Nov 8, 1982
Blu Caribe — Marketing Organization
Oct 27, 1983
West-Ward Pharmaceutical — Marketing Organization
Oct 27, 1983
Hikma — Marketing Organization
Dec 9, 1983
Fresenius — Marketing Organization
Dec 23, 1983
Ranbaxy — Marketing Organization
Feb 20, 1985
Superpharm — Marketing Organization
Oct 30, 1985
Warner Chilcott — Marketing Organization
Apr 7, 1986
Vintage — Marketing Organization
Apr 7, 1986
Strides Pharma Science — Marketing Organization
Jul 10, 1986
Sun Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
Jul 24, 1986
Mylan — Marketing Organization
Dec 29, 1989
Almirall — NDA Secondary Org
Dec 29, 1989
Chartwell Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

1990s

Jun 30, 1992
Pliva — Marketing Organization
Jan 1, 1996
Earliest Phase 3 Sponsor(trial)
Sep 3, 1998
Tolmar Inc. — NDA Secondary Org
Sep 3, 1998
China Medical University — Marketing Organization
Sep 3, 1998
China Medical University — NDA Secondary Org
Sep 30, 1998
CollaGenex Pharmaceuticals — NDA Secondary Org
Jan 1, 1999
Par Pharmaceuticals — Earliest Phase 1 Sponsor(trial)

2000s

Jun 30, 2000
Sandoz — Marketing Organization
Jun 30, 2000
Novartis — Marketing Organization
Nov 22, 2000
Sun Pharmaceuticals — NDA Secondary Org
Dec 1, 2000
Par Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
Feb 2, 2001
Galderma — NDA Secondary Org
Jan 1, 2002
Earliest Phase 2 Sponsor(trial)
May 6, 2005
Mayne Pharma — NDA Secondary Org
May 13, 2005
Teva — Marketing Organization
May 13, 2005
Epic Pharma Llc — Marketing Organization
Nov 10, 2005
Lannett Company, Inc. — Marketing Organization
Dec 21, 2005
Medicis — Marketing Organization
Dec 21, 2005
Bausch Health Companies — Marketing Organization
Feb 28, 2006
Larken Labs Inc — Marketing Organization
Nov 7, 2006
Somerset Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
Nov 7, 2006
Appco Pharma — Marketing Organization

2010s

Dec 28, 2010
Impax Laboratories — Marketing Organization
Dec 28, 2010
Rising Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
Dec 14, 2011
Actavis — Marketing Organization
Dec 20, 2011
Heritage Pharma — Marketing Organization
Feb 8, 2012
Aurobindo Pharma — Marketing Organization
Mar 18, 2013
Lupin — Marketing Organization
May 28, 2015
G & W Laboratories Inc. — Marketing Organization
May 28, 2015
ACP Nimble — Marketing Organization
May 28, 2015
Cosette — Marketing Organization
Jan 27, 2016
Dr. Reddy's Laboratories — NDA Secondary Org
Feb 18, 2016
Zydus Discovery DMCC — Marketing Organization
Jun 27, 2016
Amneal Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
Nov 15, 2016
Prinston Inc — Marketing Organization
Jun 14, 2017
Mayne Pharma — Marketing Organization
Jun 14, 2017
Dr. Reddy's Laboratories — Marketing Organization
Jul 28, 2017
Alembic — Marketing Organization
Sep 6, 2017
Novel Anti-Infective Technologies, LLC — Marketing Organization
Oct 30, 2017
Cadila Healthcare — Marketing Organization
Jun 15, 2018
Chartwell Pharmaceuticals — NDA Secondary Org
Sep 24, 2018
Ajanta Pharma Ltd — Marketing Organization
Nov 9, 2018
Emcure — Marketing Organization
Nov 9, 2018
Avet Lifesciences — Marketing Organization
Apr 15, 2019
Apotex — Marketing Organization
Oct 7, 2019
Changzhou Jinyuan Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Co., Ltd. — Marketing Organization

2020s

Mar 16, 2020
Acella Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
Mar 16, 2020
Oaklock Llc — Marketing Organization
Mar 31, 2020
Zhejiang Yongtai — Marketing Organization
Dec 10, 2020
Nostrum Laboratories — Marketing Organization
Mar 10, 2021
Oryza — Marketing Organization
Mar 10, 2021
Amici — Marketing Organization
Nov 22, 2021
Nesher Pharms — Marketing Organization
Mar 30, 2022
Praxgen Pharma — Marketing Organization
Dec 7, 2022
Endo Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
Dec 7, 2022
Bristol-Myers Squibb — Marketing Organization
Apr 12, 2023
Gland Pharma Ltd — Marketing Organization
Apr 12, 2023
Fosun — Marketing Organization
Apr 15, 2024
Torrent Pharmaceuticals Limited — Marketing Organization
Jun 21, 2024
SLATE RUN PHARMA — Marketing Organization
Oct 28, 2024
KINDOS — Marketing Organization

Indications

Approved for

Studied for

Mechanism of action

Bacterial 70S ribosomeINHIBITOR
Bacterial 70S ribosome inhibitor
16s RRNA
Matrix metalloproteinase 13INHIBITOR
MMP13 inhibitor
It is an antibiotic, however, its primary action, due to the concentration reached in the human body is via metalloproteinases inhibition, which is beneficial in many pathological conditions in which MMP-mediated proteolysis of the extracellular matrix (ECM) contributes to the pathogenesis, such as heart remodeling, tumor invasion, and inflammation
- Collagenase 3 (MMP13) ↗
Matrix metalloproteinase 8INHIBITOR
MMP8 inhibitor
It is an antibiotic, however, its primary action, due to the concentration reached in the human body is via metalloproteinases inhibition, which is beneficial in many pathological conditions in which MMP-mediated proteolysis of the extracellular matrix (ECM) contributes to the pathogenesis, such as heart remodeling, tumor invasion, and inflammation
- Neutrophil collagenase (MMP8) ↗
Matrix metalloproteinase 7INHIBITOR
MMP7 inhibitor
It is an antibiotic, however, its primary action, due to the concentration reached in the human body is via metalloproteinases inhibition, which is beneficial in many pathological conditions in which MMP-mediated proteolysis of the extracellular matrix (ECM) contributes to the pathogenesis, such as heart remodeling, tumor invasion, and inflammation
- Matrilysin (MMP7) ↗
Matrix metalloproteinase-1INHIBITOR
MMP1 inhibitor
It is an antibiotic, however, its primary action, due to the concentration reached in the human body is via metalloproteinases inhibition, which is beneficial in many pathological conditions in which MMP-mediated proteolysis of the extracellular matrix (ECM) contributes to the pathogenesis, such as heart remodeling, tumor invasion, and inflammation
- Interstitial collagenase (MMP1) ↗

Approval history

approvedDec 5, 1967

Chemistry & pharmacology

Loading structure…

SMILES

CCO.C[C@H]1c2cccc(O)c2C(=O)C2=C(O)[C@]3(O)C(=O)C(C(N)=O)=C(O)[C@@H](N(C)C)[C@@H]3[C@@H](O)[C@@H]21.C[C@H]1c2cccc(O)c2C(=O)C2=C(O)[C@]3(O)C(=O)C(C(N)=O)=C(O)[C@@H](N(C)C)[C@@H]3[C@@H](O)[C@@H]21.Cl.Cl.O

Mol. weight: 1025.89 g/mol
Lipinski Ro5: 1 violation(s)
Rule of 3: No
Chirality: Single Stereoisomer
Inorganic: No
Polymer: No
Delivery: Oral, Parenteral
Availability: Prescription Only

Oral

Yes

Parenteral

Yes

Topical

Black box warning

Sources

Also known as

5-hydroxy-α-6-deoxytetracycline
5-hydroxy-α-6-deoxytetracycline
6-alpha-deoxy-5-oxytetracycline
6-alpha-deoxy-5-oxytetracycline
6alpha-deoxy-5-oxytetracycline
6alpha-deoxy-5-oxytetracycline
6α-deoxy-5-oxytetracycline
6α-deoxy-5-oxytetracycline
ab08
ab08
acticlate
adoxa
adoxa
alodox
anhydrous doxycycline
anhydrous doxycycline
atridox
atridox
cyclodox
demix 100
demix 50
dmsc
dmsc
dmsc
doryx
doryx
doxatet
doxiciclina
doxiciclina
doxy
doxy
doxy 100
doxy 100
doxy 200
doxy 200
doxy-caps
doxy-caps
doxychel
doxychel
doxychel hyclate
doxychel hyclate
doxycyclin
doxycyclin
doxycyclin
doxycycline
doxycycline
doxycycline
doxycycline
doxycycline
doxycycline
doxycycline
doxycycline
doxycycline
doxycycline
doxycycline
doxycycline
doxycycline (anhydrous)
doxycycline (anhydrous)
doxycycline calcium
doxycycline calcium
doxycycline calcium
doxycycline calcium
doxycycline fosfatex
doxycycline fosfatex
doxycycline fosfatex
doxycycline hcl
doxycycline hcl
doxycycline hcl
doxycycline hyclate
doxycycline hyclate
doxycycline hyclate
doxycycline hyclate
doxycycline hyclate
doxycycline hydrate
doxycycline hydrate
doxycycline hydrate
doxycycline hydrochloride
doxycycline monohydrate
doxycycline monohydrate
doxycycline polymethaphosphate sodium complex
doxycycline polymethaphosphate sodium complex, disodium (1:4) complex
doxycycline polymethaphosphate sodium complex, disodium (1:5) complex
doxycycline polymethaphosphate sodium complex, monopotassium (1:5) complex
doxycycline polymethaphosphate sodium complex, monosodium (1:5) complex
doxycycline sodium polyphosphate
doxycyclinum
doxycyclinum
doxycylcine
doxycyline hyclate
doxylar
doxy-lemmon
doxy-lemmon
d-plex
gs-3065
gs-3065
metaphosphoric acid (h6o18p6), disodium salt, compd. with (4s-(4 alpha,4a alpha,5 alpha,5a alpha,6 alpha,12a alpha))-4-(dimethylamino)-1,4,4a,5,5a,6,11,12a-octahydro-3,5,10,12,12a-pentahydroxy-6-methyl-1,11-dioxo-2-naphthacenecarboxamide (4:1)
monodox
monodox
nordox
oracea
oracea
oracea
periostat
periostat
ramysis
vibramycin
vibramycin
vibramycin
vibramycin 50
vibramycin acne pack
vibramycin-d
vibramycin-d
vibramycin hyclate
vibramycin hyclate
vibra-tabs
vibra-tabs
vibrox

Clinical trials

NCT ID	Phase	Start date	Sponsor(s)
NCT07230028	Phase 4	Mar 1, 2026	Radboud University
NCT07306234	Phase 4	Mar 1, 2026	Korea University
NCT07215325	Phase 4	Nov 30, 2025	Emory University, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
NCT07164131	Phase 4	Sep 15, 2025	Mayo Clinic
NCT07010744	N/A	Jun 30, 2025	Dhaka Medical College
NCT07024654	Phase 2	Jun 30, 2025	Campbell Clinic
NCT06915688	N/A	Apr 15, 2025	Post-Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore
NCT07180563	Phase 1/Phase 2 (Phase 2)	Mar 15, 2025	Zhejiang University
NCT06738407	Phase 3	Feb 15, 2025	Florida State University, Hennepin Healthcare, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), National Institutes of Health (NIH), University of California, Los Angeles, Westat
NCT06452394	Phase 2	Jan 1, 2025	Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research, University of Lausanne
NCT06468462	Phase 4	Dec 1, 2024	Aurum Institute, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), University of Washington
NCT06683638	Phase 2	Nov 15, 2024	University of Washington
NCT06414408	Early Phase 1 (Phase 1)	Oct 18, 2024	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), University of California, San Francisco
NCT06545656	Phase 4	Sep 13, 2024	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Emory University
NCT06582966	Phase 4	Aug 13, 2024	National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), University of Washington
NCT06446245	Phase 2	Jul 31, 2024	Government of Singapore, National University of Singapore
NCT06477185	Phase 2	Jul 22, 2024	Makerere University
NCT06422221	Phase 4	Jul 15, 2024	Santiago de Compostela University, University of Santiago de Compostela
NCT06412588	N/A	Jun 30, 2024	Nanjing Medical University
NCT06188442	Phase 4	Apr 30, 2024	Chinese University of Hong Kong

Showing 20 of 363 trials

Page 1 / 19

Organizations

Research & Development (374)

Organization	Org type	Trials	As lead sponsor	Phases	Earliest year
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)	Government	18	8	4	1999
University of Ljubljana	Academic/Hospital	12	12	2	2006
Galderma	For profit	11	11	3	2007
University of California, San Francisco	Academic/Hospital	8	7	3	2004
University of Washington	Academic/Hospital	8	6	3	2007
Tanta University	Academic/Hospital	7	6	3	2015
Assiut University	Academic/Hospital	5	4	3	2008
Central South University	Academic/Hospital	5	4	3	2012
Dr. Reddy's Laboratories	For profit	5	1	3	2016
National Cancer Institute (NCI)	Government	5	2	3	1996
Par Pharmaceuticals	For profit	5	5	1	1999
SFBC Anapharm	For profit	5	0	1	1999
Sun Yat-Sen University	Academic/Hospital	5	5	3	2012
Thomas Jefferson University	Academic/Hospital	5	5	3	2015
University of California, Los Angeles	Academic/Hospital	5	2	4	2011
University of Oxford	Academic/Hospital	5	3	4	2013
University of Pittsburgh	Academic/Hospital	5	3	3	2005
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)	Government	4	1	2	1994
Cornell University	Academic/Hospital	4	3	3	2010
Emory University	Academic/Hospital	4	4	1	2021

374 organizations

Page 1 / 19

Marketing (102)

Organization	Org type	Relationship	Date
ACP Nimble	For profit	MKTG	May 28, 2015
Acella Pharmaceuticals	For profit	MKTG	Mar 16, 2020
Actavis	For profit	MKTG	Dec 14, 2011
Actavis	For profit	SYN	Oct 13, 1982
Ajanta Pharma Ltd	For profit	MKTG	Sep 24, 2018
Alembic	For profit	MKTG	Jul 28, 2017
Alembic	For profit	SYN	Jul 28, 2017
Almirall	For profit	NDA2	Dec 29, 1989
Amici	For profit	MKTG	Mar 10, 2021
Amneal Pharmaceuticals	For profit	SYN	Oct 6, 2017
Amneal Pharmaceuticals	For profit	MKTG	Jun 27, 2016
Amneal Pharmaceuticals	For profit	SYN	Oct 24, 2022
Apotex	For profit	SYN	Apr 15, 2019
Apotex	For profit	MKTG	Apr 15, 2019
Appco Pharma	For profit	MKTG	Nov 7, 2006
Athenex, Inc.	For profit	MKTG	—
Aurobindo Pharma	For profit	MKTG	Feb 8, 2012
Avet Lifesciences	For profit	MKTG	Nov 9, 2018
Bausch Health Companies	For profit	MKTG	Dec 21, 2005
Blu Caribe	For profit	MKTG	Nov 8, 1982
Bristol-Myers Squibb	For profit	MKTG	Dec 7, 2022
Cadila Healthcare	For profit	MKTG	Oct 30, 2017
Changzhou Jinyuan Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Co., Ltd.	For profit	MKTG	Oct 7, 2019
Chartwell Pharmaceuticals	For profit	NDA2	Jun 15, 2018
Chartwell Pharmaceuticals	For profit	SYN	Sep 11, 1984
Chartwell Pharmaceuticals	For profit	MKTG	Dec 29, 1989
Chartwell Pharmaceuticals	For profit	SYN	Sep 11, 1984
Chartwell Pharmaceuticals	For profit	SYN	Nov 10, 2005
China Medical University	Academic/Hospital	MKTG	Sep 3, 1998
China Medical University	Academic/Hospital	NDA2	Sep 3, 1998
CollaGenex Pharmaceuticals	For profit	NDA2	Sep 30, 1998
Cosette	For profit	MKTG	May 28, 2015
Dr. Reddy's Laboratories	For profit	NDA2	Jan 27, 2016
Dr. Reddy's Laboratories	For profit	SYN	Apr 8, 2024
Dr. Reddy's Laboratories	For profit	MKTG	Jun 14, 2017
Emcure	For profit	MKTG	Nov 9, 2018
Endo Pharmaceuticals	For profit	MKTG	Dec 7, 2022
Epic Pharma Llc	For profit	MKTG	May 13, 2005
Fosun	For profit	MKTG	Apr 12, 2023
Fresenius	For profit	MKTG	Dec 9, 1983
G & W Laboratories Inc.	For profit	MKTG	May 28, 2015
Galderma	For profit	NDA2	Feb 2, 2001
Gland Pharma Ltd	For profit	MKTG	Apr 12, 2023
Halsey	For profit	MKTG	—
Heather Pharma	For profit	MKTG	—
Heritage Pharma	For profit	SYN	Dec 20, 2011
Heritage Pharma	For profit	MKTG	Dec 20, 2011
Heritage Pharma	For profit	SYN	May 13, 2005
Heritage Pharma	For profit	SYN	Dec 20, 2011
Hikma	For profit	MKTG	Nov 7, 1984
Hikma	For profit	MKTG	Oct 27, 1983
Impax Laboratories	For profit	MKTG	Dec 28, 2010
Interpharm	For profit	MKTG	—
KINDOS	For profit	MKTG	Oct 28, 2024
Lannett Company, Inc.	For profit	MKTG	Nov 10, 2005
Larken Labs Inc	For profit	MKTG	Feb 28, 2006
Lupin	For profit	MKTG	Mar 18, 2013
Lupin	For profit	SYN	Nov 7, 2022
Mayne Pharma	For profit	MKTG	Jun 14, 2017
Mayne Pharma	For profit	NDA2	May 6, 2005
Mayne Pharma	For profit	SYN	Jul 22, 1985
Medicis	For profit	MKTG	Dec 21, 2005
Mutual Pharmaceutical	For profit	MKTG	Sep 30, 1982
Mylan	For profit	SYN	Mar 29, 1982
Mylan	For profit	SYN	Aug 21, 2012
Mylan	For profit	SYN	Feb 8, 2012
Mylan	For profit	MKTG	Jul 24, 1986
Nesher Pharms	For profit	MKTG	Nov 22, 2021
Nostrum Laboratories	For profit	MKTG	Dec 10, 2020
Novartis	For profit	MKTG	Jun 30, 2000
Novel Anti-Infective Technologies, LLC	For profit	MKTG	Sep 6, 2017
Oaklock Llc	For profit	MKTG	Mar 16, 2020
Oryza	For profit	MKTG	Mar 10, 2021
Oryza	For profit	SYN	Mar 10, 2021
Par Pharmaceuticals	For profit	MKTG	Dec 1, 2000
Par Pharmaceuticals	For profit	SYN	Dec 7, 2022
Pfizer	For profit	NDA	Dec 5, 1967
Pliva	For profit	MKTG	Jun 30, 1992
Praxgen Pharma	For profit	MKTG	Mar 30, 2022
Prinston Inc	For profit	MKTG	Nov 15, 2016
Rachelle Pharmaceuticals	For profit	MKTG	Jun 18, 1973
Ranbaxy	For profit	MKTG	Dec 23, 1983
Rising Pharmaceuticals	For profit	MKTG	Dec 28, 2010
Rising Pharmaceuticals	For profit	SYN	Dec 28, 2010
SLATE RUN PHARMA	For profit	MKTG	Jun 21, 2024
Sandoz	For profit	MKTG	Jun 30, 2000
Somerset Pharmaceuticals	For profit	MKTG	Nov 7, 2006
Strides Pharma Science	For profit	MKTG	Apr 7, 1986
Sun Pharmaceuticals	For profit	NDA2	Nov 22, 2000
Sun Pharmaceuticals	For profit	MKTG	Jul 10, 1986
Superpharm	For profit	MKTG	Feb 20, 1985
Teva	For profit	MKTG	May 13, 2005
Teva	For profit	SYN	Aug 23, 1984
Tolmar Inc.	For profit	NDA2	Sep 3, 1998
Torrent Pharmaceuticals Limited	For profit	MKTG	Apr 15, 2024
Vintage	For profit	MKTG	Apr 7, 1986
Warner Chilcott	For profit	MKTG	Oct 30, 1985
Watson Pharmaceuticals	For profit	MKTG	Jul 17, 1973
West-Ward Pharmaceutical	For profit	MKTG	Oct 27, 1983
Zhejiang Yongtai	For profit	MKTG	Mar 31, 2020
Zydus Discovery DMCC	For profit	SYN	Oct 30, 2017
Zydus Discovery DMCC	For profit	MKTG	Feb 18, 2016