heparin
Trade name: liquaemin
Approved
Feb 9, 1939
Нeparin (or Unfractionated heparin ) is an anticoagulant indicated for both the prevention and treatment of thrombotic events such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) as well as atrial fibrillation (AF). Heparin can also be used to prevent excess coagulation during procedures such as cardiac surgery, extracorporeal circulation or dialysis, including continuous renal replacement therapy. Heparin administration can be by intravenous (or subcutaneous route. Intravenous heparin is continuously administered for therapeutic anticoagulation, while intermittent subcutaneous administration is used to prevent thromboembolism. Once administered, heparin binds reversibly to antithrombin III (ATIII) and greatly accelerates the rate at which ATIII inactivates coagulation enzymes thrombin (factor IIa) and factor Xa. The heparin-ATIII complex can also inactivate factors IX, XI, XII, and plasmin, but the antithrombotic effect of heparin is well correlated to the inhibition of factor Xa. Typical adverse effects from heparin use include bleeding, thrombocytopenia, injection site reactions, and other adverse effects only seen with chronic heparin administration. Bleeding is a major complication associated with heparin use. Patients should undergo monitoring for new bleeding that may present in the urine or stool. Bleeding may also present as bruising, petechial rash and nosebleeds. — NCATS
Clinical trial activity
351 trials · 383 clinical orgs · 40 marketing orgs
Earliest trial started Mar 1, 1984 (NCT00427310)
Timeline
1930s
- Feb 9, 1939
Organon — Earliest FDA Approval
- Feb 9, 1939
Organon — NDA Organization
- Feb 9, 1939
Aspen Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
1940s
- Feb 5, 1942
Pharmacia & Upjohn — NDA Secondary Org
- May 4, 1943
Hospira — NDA Secondary Org
- May 19, 1944
Eli Lilly — NDA Secondary Org
1970s
- Feb 22, 1972
Fresenius — NDA Secondary Org
- Mar 22, 1972
Hikma — NDA Secondary Org
- Mar 22, 1972
Hikma — Marketing Organization
- May 28, 1974
West-Ward Pharmaceutical — NDA Secondary Org
- Nov 22, 1974
Watson Pharmaceuticals — NDA Secondary Org
- Nov 22, 1974
Dr. Reddy's Laboratories — Marketing Organization
- Nov 22, 1974
Dr. Reddy's Laboratories — NDA Secondary Org
- Feb 24, 1975
Baxalta — NDA Secondary Org
- Jun 23, 1975
Baxter — NDA Secondary Org
- Dec 10, 1975
Akorn, Inc. — NDA Secondary Org
- Dec 10, 1975
Epic Pharma Llc — Marketing Organization
- Apr 21, 1978
Pharm Spec — NDA Secondary Org
- Dec 21, 1978
Abraxis — NDA Secondary Org
- Mar 13, 1979
International Medication — Marketing Organization
1980s
- Feb 22, 1980
Norwich Eaton Company — Marketing Organization
- Jan 1, 1984
Earliest Phase 3 Sponsor(trial)
- Mar 29, 1985
B. Braun — NDA Secondary Org
- Jun 3, 1986
Watson Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
1990s
- Jan 1, 1998
Earliest Phase 1 Sponsor(trial)
2010s
- Jun 30, 2010
Sagent Pharmaceuticals, Inc. — Marketing Organization
- Jun 8, 2011
CASI Pharmaceuticals, Inc. — Marketing Organization
- Jun 8, 2011
Sandoz — Marketing Organization
- Jun 8, 2011
Novartis — Marketing Organization
- Jul 21, 2011
Pfizer — NDA Secondary Org
- Jun 12, 2014
Shenzhen Techdow — Marketing Organization
- Jun 10, 2016
Fresenius — Marketing Organization
- Feb 6, 2017
Gland Pharma Ltd — Marketing Organization
- Nov 30, 2017
Mylan — Marketing Organization
- Nov 19, 2018
Sterinova Inc — Marketing Organization
- Nov 19, 2018
B. Braun — Marketing Organization
- Dec 14, 2018
Nanjing King-Friend — Marketing Organization
2020s
- Dec 29, 2020
BE Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
- Nov 15, 2023
CorMedix — NDA Secondary Org
Indications
Approved for
Studied for
- Abortion, Habitual · Phase 4
- Abortion, Spontaneous · Phase 4
- Acute Chest Syndrome · Phase 2
- Acute Coronary Syndrome · Phase 4
- Acute Kidney Injury · Phase 4
- Acute Lung Injury · Phase 4
- Aged · Phase 4
- Aging · Phase 4
- Anemia, Aplastic · Phase 3
- Anemia, Sickle Cell · Phase 2
- Anesthesia · Phase 4
- Angina Pectoris · Phase 4
- Angina, Stable · Phase 4
- Angina, Unstable · Phase 4
- Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary · Phase 3
- Anticoagulants · Phase 4
- Antithrombins · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal · Phase 4
- Aortic Stenosis, Subvalvular · Phase 3
- Aortic Valve Disease · Phase 3
- Arterial Occlusive Diseases · Phase 3
- Arteriovenous Fistula · Phase 4
- Bacteremia · Phase 4
- Bacterial Infections · Phase 3
- Bile Duct Neoplasms · Phase 2
- Blood Circulation · Phase 4
- Blood Coagulation · Phase 3
- Burns · Phase 3
- Cardiac Catheterization · Phase 2
- Cardiopulmonary Bypass · Phase 4
- Cardiovascular Diseases · Phase 3
- Catheterization, Peripheral · Phase 3
- Catheter-Related Infections · Phase 4
- Catheters · Phase 4
- Cerebral Angiography · Phase 4
- Chemotherapy, Adjuvant · Phase 1
- Cholangiocarcinoma · Phase 2
- Colorectal Neoplasms · Phase 3
- Community-Acquired Infections · Phase 3
- Contusions · Phase 4
- Coronary Angiography · Phase 4
- Coronary Artery Bypass · Phase 3
- Coronary Artery Disease · Phase 4
- Coronary Disease · Phase 4
- Coronary Vasospasm · Phase 4
- COVID-19 · Phase 4
- Critical Illness · Phase 3
- Cystitis, Interstitial · Phase 4
- Diabetes Mellitus · Phase 4
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 · Phase 2
- Dialysis · Phase 2
- Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation · Phase 3
- Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions · Phase 4
- Drugs, Investigational · Phase 4
- Ecchymosis · Phase 3
- Embolic Stroke · Phase 2
- Embolism · Phase 3
- Esophageal and Gastric Varices · Phase 4
- Extracorporeal Circulation · Phase 4
- Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation · Phase 4
- Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials · Phase 4
- Fertilization in Vitro · Phase 3
- Fibrinolysis · Phase 3
- Fibrosis · Phase 4
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome · Phase 2
- General Surgery · Phase 4
- Healthy Volunteers · Phase 1
- Heart Diseases · Phase 3
- Heart Failure · Phase 4
- Heart Valve Diseases · Phase 4
- Hemodiafiltration · Phase 4
- Hemodialysis, Home · Phase 4
- Hemodilution · Phase 3
- Hemorrhage · Phase 4
- Heparin · Phase 4
- Hip Fractures · Phase 3
- Hypertension, Portal · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Hypoxia · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Infections · Phase 3
- Infertility · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Inhalation Exposure · Phase 3
- Intracranial Aneurysm · Phase 2
- Ischemic Stroke · Phase 4
- Kidney Diseases · Phase 4
- Kidney Failure, Chronic · Phase 4
- Liver Cirrhosis · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Liver Neoplasms · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms · Phase 2
- Lung Transplantation · Phase 4
- Malaria, Falciparum · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Mesenteric Ischemia · Phase 4
- Metabolic Diseases · Phase 3
- Myocardial Infarction · Phase 4
- Myocardial Ischemia · Phase 4
- Neoplasm Metastasis · Phase 3
- Neoplasms · Phase 3
- Neurobehavioral Manifestations · Phase 2
- Obesity · Phase 4
- Osteoarthritis · Phase 4
- Pancreatic Neoplasms · Phase 2
- Pediatrics · Phase 4
- Percutaneous Coronary Intervention · Phase 4
- Peripheral Arterial Disease · Phase 4
- Pharmacokinetics · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Pharmacological and Toxicological Phenomena · Phase 4
- Phlebitis · Phase 4
- Pneumonia · Phase 4
- Pneumonia, Viral · Phase 4
- Postoperative Complications · Phase 2
- Postoperative Hemorrhage · Phase 3
- Postpartum Period · Phase 3
- Postthrombotic Syndrome · Phase 3
- Pregnancy · Phase 4
- Pregnancy Complications · Phase 4
- Prostatic Neoplasms · Phase 4
- Radial Artery · Phase 3
- Renal Dialysis · Phase 4
- Renal Insufficiency · Phase 3
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic · Phase 4
- Renal Replacement Therapy · Phase 2
- Respiration, Artificial · Phase 4
- Respiratory Distress Syndrome · Phase 4
- Respiratory Insufficiency · Phase 4
- Retinal Artery Occlusion · Phase 3
- Sepsis · Phase 4
- Shock, Cardiogenic · Phase 2
- Shock, Septic · Phase 2
- Sinus Thrombosis, Intracranial · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Smoke Inhalation Injury · Phase 3
- ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction · Phase 4
- Stomatitis · Phase 1
- Stroke · Phase 3
- Subarachnoid Hemorrhage · Phase 3
- Thoracic Surgery · Phase 4
- Thrombocytopenia · Phase 4
- Thromboembolism · Phase 4
- Thrombophilia · Phase 4
- Thrombophlebitis · Phase 1
- Thrombosis · Phase 4
- Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement · Phase 3
- Upper Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis · Phase 4
- Urinary Bladder Diseases · Phase 2
- Urinary Tract Infections · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Vascular Access Devices · Phase 4
- Vascular Diseases · Phase 4
- Vasospasm, Intracranial · Phase 2
- Venous Thromboembolism · Phase 4
- Ventilation · Phase 4
- Visual Acuity · Phase 3
- Vulvodynia · Phase 2
- Wounds and Injuries · Phase 2/Phase 3
Mechanism of action
- Antithrombin-IIIACTIVATOR
SERPINC1 activator
Inhibits coagulation by activating antithrombin III; ATIII then binds to F10;
Combination products
embolex
with lidocaine, dihydroergotamine
Approval history
- approvedFeb 9, 1939
Chemistry & pharmacology
- Chirality
- Single Stereoisomer
- Inorganic
- No
- Polymer
- No
- Delivery
- Parenteral
- Availability
- Discontinued
Oral
No
Parenteral
Yes
Topical
No
Sources
- WikipediaCertoparin sodium ↗
- NCATST2410KM04A ↗
- ChEMBLCHEMBL1201657 ↗
- ChEMBLCHEMBL4650299 ↗
- WikipediaHeparin ↗
- ChEMBLCHEMBL1201513 ↗
- ChEMBLCHEMBL1909300 ↗
Also known as
- alphaparin
- certoparin
- certoparin
- certoparin
- certoparin sodium
- heparin
- heparin
- heparin
- heparin
- heparin
- heparin
- heparin
- heparin
- heparin
- heparin calcium
- heparin calcium
- heparin calcium
- heparin lock flush
- heparin sodium
- heparin sodium
- heparin sodium
- heparin sodium
- heparin sodium
- lipo-hepin
- lipo-hepin
- liquaemin
- liquaemin
- liquaemin lock flush
- liquaemin sodium
- mono-embolex
- multiparin
- panheprin
- pump-hep
- sodium heparin
- sodium heparin
- sodium heparin
- sr123781a
- sr123781a
- sr 123781a
- thrombophob
- unfractionated heparin
- unfractionated heparin
- unihep
- uniparin
- uniparin ca
- uniparin fte
Clinical trials
| NCT ID | Phase | Start date | Sponsor(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT07140211 | Phase 3 | Sep 30, 2025 | University of Geneva |
| NCT06937372 | N/A | Sep 1, 2025 | University of London |
| NCT07162064 | Phase 3 | Aug 4, 2025 | Huazhong University of Science and Technology |
| NCT06512233 | N/A | Jan 31, 2025 | Aga Khan University |
| NCT06662253 | Phase 2/Phase 3 (Phase 3) | Jan 31, 2025 | University of Ottawa |
| NCT07285603 | Phase 1 | Nov 21, 2024 | Matisse Pharmaceuticals |
| NCT06753786 | N/A | Oct 21, 2024 | Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University |
| NCT07196358 | N/A | Aug 15, 2024 | Dr. Ruth K.M. Pfau Civil Hospital, Karachi |
| NCT06549842 | N/A | Aug 15, 2024 | Regional Hospital of Scranton |
| NCT06583889 | N/A | Aug 9, 2024 | Capital Medical University |
| NCT06913595 | Phase 1 | Mar 25, 2024 | Cairo University |
| NCT06314620 | N/A | Mar 15, 2024 | National University of Malaysia |
| NCT06112262 | Early Phase 1 (Phase 1) | Dec 20, 2023 | Assiut University |
| NCT05848713 | Phase 3 | Oct 10, 2023 | Canadian Critical Care Trials Group, Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), Canadian Venous Thromboembolism Clinical Trials and Outcomes Research (CanVECTOR) Network, Ozmosis Research Inc., Research Manitoba, University of Manitoba |
| NCT07250763 | Phase 4 | Sep 20, 2023 | Inova Health System |
| NCT05984537 | Phase 4 | Jul 1, 2023 | Peking University |
| NCT05788900 | Phase 1 | Jun 1, 2023 | Blau Farmacêutica S.A. |
| NCT05788913 | Phase 1 | Jun 1, 2023 | Blau Farmacêutica S.A. |
| NCT05737121 | Phase 2 | May 22, 2023 | Prevail Infoworks, Inc, Vaneltix Pharma, Inc. |
| NCT05749393 | N/A | Apr 30, 2023 | Nanjing Medical University |
Organizations
Research & Development (383)
| Organization | Org type | Trials | As lead sponsor | Phases | Earliest year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Azidus | For profit | 16 | 15 | 2 | 2007 |
| Sanofi | For profit | 10 | 7 | 4 | 2003 |
| Capital Medical University | Academic/Hospital | 7 | 5 | 2 | 2002 |
| McMaster University | Academic/Hospital | 7 | 5 | 3 | 1998 |
| Harvard University | Academic/Hospital | 6 | 2 | 5 | 1989 |
| Novartis | For profit | 6 | 5 | 3 | 2003 |
| The Medicines Company | For profit | 6 | 5 | 1 | 2003 |
| Boehringer Ingelheim | For profit | 5 | 3 | 2 | 2000 |
| GlaxoSmithKline | For profit | 5 | 4 | 2 | 2003 |
| People's Liberation Army of China | Government | 5 | 1 | 2 | 2016 |
| Technical University of Munich | Academic/Hospital | 5 | 5 | 1 | 2003 |
| United States Army | Government | 5 | 4 | 2 | 2006 |
| University of Amsterdam | Academic/Hospital | 5 | 3 | 3 | 2011 |
| University of Colorado, Denver | Academic/Hospital | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2003 |
| Jiao Tong University | Academic/Hospital | 4 | 4 | 3 | 2014 |
| New York University | Academic/Hospital | 4 | 3 | 3 | 2016 |
| Pfizer | For profit | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2007 |
| University of Manitoba | Academic/Hospital | 4 | 4 | 3 | 2011 |
| Zhengzhou University | Academic/Hospital | 4 | 3 | 2 | 2018 |
| Ain Shams University | Academic/Hospital | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2017 |
Marketing (48)
| Organization | Org type | Relationship | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3M | For profit | NDA2 | — |
| Abraxis | For profit | NDA2 | Dec 21, 1978 |
| Akorn, Inc. | For profit | NDA2 | Dec 10, 1975 |
| Aspen Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Feb 9, 1939 |
| B. Braun | For profit | NDA2 | Mar 29, 1985 |
| B. Braun | For profit | MKTG | Nov 19, 2018 |
| BE Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Dec 29, 2020 |
| Baxalta | For profit | NDA2 | Feb 24, 1975 |
| Baxter | For profit | NDA2 | Jun 23, 1975 |
| CASI Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | For profit | MKTG | Jun 8, 2011 |
| CHAMBERLIN PARENTERL | For profit | NDA2 | — |
| CorMedix | For profit | NDA2 | Nov 15, 2023 |
| Del Laboratories | For profit | NDA2 | — |
| Dr. Reddy's Laboratories | For profit | MKTG | Nov 22, 1974 |
| Dr. Reddy's Laboratories | For profit | NDA2 | Nov 22, 1974 |
| Eli Lilly | For profit | NDA2 | May 19, 1944 |
| Epic Pharma Llc | For profit | MKTG | Dec 10, 1975 |
| Fresenius | For profit | NDA2 | Feb 22, 1972 |
| Fresenius | For profit | MKTG | Jun 10, 2016 |
| Gland Pharma Ltd | For profit | MKTG | Feb 6, 2017 |
| Gland Pharma Ltd | For profit | MKTG | Feb 6, 2017 |
| Hikma | For profit | NDA2 | Mar 22, 1972 |
| Hikma | For profit | MKTG | Mar 22, 1972 |
| Hospira | For profit | NDA2 | May 4, 1943 |
| Hospira | For profit | MKTG | Aug 31, 2009 |
| International Medication | For profit | MKTG | Mar 13, 1979 |
| Kendall McGaw Laboratories | For profit | NDA2 | — |
| Lutipold | For profit | MKTG | — |
| Mylan | For profit | MKTG | Nov 30, 2017 |
| Nanjing King-Friend | For profit | MKTG | Dec 14, 2018 |
| Norwich Eaton Company | For profit | MKTG | Feb 22, 1980 |
| Novartis | For profit | NDA2 | — |
| Novartis | For profit | MKTG | Jun 8, 2011 |
| Organon | For profit | NDA | Feb 9, 1939 |
| Parke-Davis | For profit | NDA2 | — |
| Pfizer | For profit | NDA2 | Jul 21, 2011 |
| Pharm Spec | For profit | NDA2 | Apr 21, 1978 |
| Pharmacia & Upjohn | For profit | NDA2 | Feb 5, 1942 |
| SOLOPAK | For profit | MKTG | — |
| Sagent Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | For profit | MKTG | Jun 30, 2010 |
| Sandoz | For profit | MKTG | Jun 8, 2011 |
| Sanofi-Aventis | For profit | NDA2 | — |
| Shenzhen Techdow | For profit | MKTG | Jun 12, 2014 |
| Smith & Nephew | For profit | MKTG | — |
| Sterinova Inc | For profit | MKTG | Nov 19, 2018 |
| Watson Pharmaceuticals | For profit | NDA2 | Nov 22, 1974 |
| Watson Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Jun 3, 1986 |
| West-Ward Pharmaceutical | For profit | NDA2 | May 28, 1974 |