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levofloxacin

Trade name: levaquin

Small moleculeapproved

Approved

Dec 20, 1996

Levofloxacin is the L-isomer of the racemate, ofloxacin, a quinolone antimicrobial agent. Levofloxacin is used for oral and intravenous administration. Levofloxacin is sold under brand name levaquin and is used to treat infections in adults (≥18 years of age) caused by designated, susceptible bacteria such as, pneumonia: nosocomial and community acquired; skin and skin structure infections: complicated and uncomplicated; chronic bacterial prostatitis; inhalational anthrax. In addition this drug is used to treat plague; urinary tract infections: complicated and uncomplicated; acute pyelonephritis; acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis and acute bacterial sinusitis. Levofloxacin, like other fluoroquinolones, inhibits the bacterial DNA gyrase, halting DNA replication. This results in strand breakage on a bacterial chromosome, supercoiling, and resealing. In addition, levofloxacin inhibits a bacterial type II topoisomerase. — NCATS

Clinical trial activity

290 trials · 322 clinical orgs · 51 marketing orgs

Phase 1
33
Phase 2
117
Phase 3
92
Phase 4
95

Earliest trial started Jun 1, 1931 (NCT00257140)

Timeline

1930s

  1. Jan 1, 1931

    Johnson and Johnson — Earliest Phase 2 Sponsor(trial)

1990s

  1. Jan 1, 1993

    Johnson and Johnson — Earliest Phase 3 Sponsor(trial)

  2. Dec 20, 1996

    Johnson and Johnson — Earliest FDA Approval

  3. Dec 20, 1996

    Johnson and Johnson — NDA Secondary Org

  4. Dec 20, 1996

    Johnson and Johnson — NDA Organization

  5. Jan 1, 1999

    Johnson and Johnson — Earliest Phase 1 Sponsor(trial)

2000s

  1. Aug 18, 2000

    Santen Inc. — NDA Secondary Org

  2. Jun 20, 2005

    Sicor — Marketing Organization

  3. Jun 20, 2005

    Teva — NDA Secondary Org

2010s

  1. Dec 1, 2010

    Bedford Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

  2. Dec 20, 2010

    Akorn, Inc. — Marketing Organization

  3. Dec 20, 2010

    Apotex — Marketing Organization

  4. Dec 20, 2010

    Rising Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

  5. Dec 20, 2010

    ANDA Repository — Marketing Organization

  6. Dec 20, 2010

    Rubicon Research — Marketing Organization

  7. Dec 20, 2010

    Sciegen Pharmaceticals — Marketing Organization

  8. Jan 31, 2011

    Hikma — Marketing Organization

  9. Feb 10, 2011

    Teva — Marketing Organization

  10. Jun 20, 2011

    Aurobindo Pharma — Marketing Organization

  11. Jun 20, 2011

    Dr. Reddy's Laboratories — Marketing Organization

  12. Jun 20, 2011

    Glenmark Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

  13. Jun 20, 2011

    Lupin — Marketing Organization

  14. Jun 20, 2011

    Mylan — Marketing Organization

  15. Jun 20, 2011

    Sandoz — Marketing Organization

  16. Jun 20, 2011

    Torrent Pharmaceuticals Limited — Marketing Organization

  17. Jun 20, 2011

    Wockhardt — Marketing Organization

  18. Jun 20, 2011

    Hi Tech Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

  19. Jun 20, 2011

    Celltrion — Marketing Organization

  20. Jun 20, 2011

    Novitium Pharma — Marketing Organization

  21. Jun 20, 2011

    Novartis — Marketing Organization

  22. Jun 20, 2011

    Natco Pharma — Marketing Organization

  23. Jun 20, 2011

    PHARMOBEDIENT — Marketing Organization

  24. Jul 7, 2011

    Inforlife — Marketing Organization

  25. Jan 30, 2012

    Orbion Pharms — Marketing Organization

  26. Jan 30, 2012

    Orchid Pharma — Marketing Organization

  27. Mar 22, 2012

    Macleods Pharmaceuticals, Ltd — Marketing Organization

  28. Mar 30, 2012

    Chartwell Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

  29. Mar 30, 2012

    Cipla — Marketing Organization

  30. Sep 7, 2012

    Zydus Discovery DMCC — Marketing Organization

  31. Sep 7, 2012

    Cadila Healthcare — Marketing Organization

  32. Jan 24, 2013

    Emcure — Marketing Organization

  33. Jan 24, 2013

    Avet Lifesciences — Marketing Organization

  34. Jan 24, 2013

    Eugia Pharma — Marketing Organization

  35. Jun 5, 2013

    Baxalta — Marketing Organization

  36. Jun 19, 2013

    Fresenius — Marketing Organization

  37. Nov 22, 2013

    Watson Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

  38. Nov 22, 2013

    Actavis — Marketing Organization

  39. Jan 8, 2015

    Hetero Labs Ltd — Marketing Organization

  40. Jun 19, 2015

    Jubilant Innovation Ltd. — Marketing Organization

  41. Aug 12, 2015

    Hospira — Marketing Organization

  42. Aug 12, 2015

    Pfizer — Marketing Organization

  43. May 25, 2018

    Lannett Company, Inc. — Marketing Organization

  44. Feb 5, 2019

    Sunshine Lake Pharma Co., Ltd. — Marketing Organization

  45. Feb 27, 2019

    Micro Labs Ltd India — Marketing Organization

2020s

  1. Apr 22, 2020

    Gland Pharma Ltd — Marketing Organization

  2. Apr 22, 2020

    Fosun — Marketing Organization

  3. Jan 29, 2024

    KNACK — Marketing Organization

Indications

Approved for

Studied for

Mechanism of action

Combination products

Approval history

  • approvedDec 20, 1996

Chemistry & pharmacology

Loading structure…

SMILES

C[C@H]1COC2=C(N3CCN(C)CC3)C(F)=CC4=C2N1C=C(C(O)=O)C4=O
Mol. weight
361.3675 g/mol
Lipinski Ro5
Pass
Rule of 3
No
Chirality
Single Stereoisomer
Inorganic
No
Polymer
No
Delivery
Oral, Parenteral, Topical
Availability
Prescription Only

Oral

Yes

Parenteral

Yes

Topical

Yes

Black box warning

Sources

Also known as

  • (3s)-(-)-9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7h-pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid
  • (3s)-(-)-9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7h-pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid
  • de-108
  • de-108
  • dr-3355
  • dr-3355
  • evoxil
  • floxacin
  • floxacin
  • floxacin
  • floxacin
  • floxacin
  • floxacin
  • iquix
  • iquix
  • levaquin
  • levaquin
  • levaquin
  • levaquin
  • levaquin
  • levoflocaxin
  • levofloxacin
  • levofloxacin
  • levofloxacin
  • levofloxacin
  • levofloxacin
  • levofloxacin
  • levofloxacin
  • levofloxacin
  • levofloxacin
  • levofloxacin
  • levofloxacin anhydrous
  • levofloxacin anhydrous
  • levofloxacin anhydrous
  • levofloxacin anhydrous
  • levofloxacin anhydrous
  • levofloxacin anhydrous
  • levofloxacine
  • levofloxacine
  • levofloxacine
  • levofloxacin hydrate
  • levofloxacino
  • levofloxacino
  • levofloxacinum
  • levofloxacinum
  • l-ofloxacin
  • l-ofloxacin
  • norphloxacine
  • oftaquix
  • oftaquix
  • oftaquix
  • quinsair
  • quixin
  • quixin
  • quixin
  • rwj-25213
  • rwj-25213
  • (s)-9-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-7h-pyrido(1,2,3-de)-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid
  • (s)-9-fluoro-2,3-dihydro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-7h-pyrido(1,2,3-de)-1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid
  • (s)-(-)-9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7h-pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzooxazine-6-carboxylic acid
  • (s)-(-)-9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7h-pyrido[1,2,3-de][1,4]benzooxazine-6-carboxylic acid
  • tavanex
  • tavanic
  • tavanic
  • tavanic

Clinical trials

NCT IDPhaseStart dateSponsor(s)
NCT07240077Phase 4Jan 1, 2026Mahidol University
NCT07021729Phase 4Dec 31, 2025Rehman Medical Institute, Rehman Medical Institute - RMI
NCT07069582Phase 1Oct 1, 2025McGill University, Padjadjaran University
NCT07198685N/ASep 30, 2025Huazhong University of Science and Technology
NCT07179159N/ASep 9, 2025Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Shandong University, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zibo Maternal and Child Health Hospital
NCT07126639N/ASep 1, 2025Huazhong University of Science and Technology
NCT07040839Phase 4Jul 31, 2025Rehman Medical Institute - RMI
NCT06810583Phase 1May 22, 2025St. Jude Children's Hospital
NCT06915688N/AApr 15, 2025Post-Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore
NCT06859450Phase 2/Phase 3 (Phase 3)Mar 4, 2025University of Copenhagen
NCT06797544Phase 2Feb 9, 2025Al-Mustafa University College
NCT07150065Phase 2Feb 7, 2025Avicenna Medical Center
NCT06498414Phase 2/Phase 3 (Phase 3)Feb 1, 2025Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), McGill University
NCT06568484Phase 3Nov 30, 2024Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation, Johns Hopkins University, United States Agency for International Development
NCT06649721Phase 3Nov 15, 2024Capital Medical University, Fudan University
NCT06650540N/AOct 22, 2024Peking University
NCT06200779Phase 4Sep 30, 2024Unilabs A/S
NCT07150286N/ASep 1, 2024Al-Mustansiriyah University
NCT06494072Phase 4Aug 22, 2024Medical College of Wisconsin
NCT05867654Phase 4Jul 31, 2024University of Louisville
Showing 20 of 290 trials
Page 1 / 15

Organizations

Research & Development (322)

OrganizationOrg typeTrialsAs lead sponsorPhasesEarliest year
Johnson and JohnsonFor profit302641931
Shandong UniversityAcademic/Hospital111122017
Fudan UniversityAcademic/Hospital9742009
Jiao Tong UniversityAcademic/Hospital9932012
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)Government9751999
Santen Inc.For profit9442003
National Taiwan UniversityAcademic/Hospital8822007
Forest LaboratoriesFor profit7642007
PfizerFor profit6522001
Capital Medical UniversityAcademic/Hospital5432016
Damascus UniversityAcademic/Hospital5512015
Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyAcademic/Hospital5322016
Kaohsiung Medical UniversityAcademic/Hospital5212013
Boston UniversityAcademic/Hospital4332003
SanofiFor profit4422003
Seoul National UniversityAcademic/Hospital4442010
University of IndonesiaAcademic/Hospital4432013
Vanderbilt UniversityAcademic/Hospital4432010
BayerFor profit3322002
Harvard UniversityAcademic/Hospital3122009
322 organizations
Page 1 / 17

Marketing (66)

OrganizationOrg typeRelationshipDate
ANDA RepositoryFor profitMKTGDec 20, 2010
ActavisFor profitMKTGNov 22, 2013
Akorn, Inc.For profitMKTGDec 20, 2010
ApotexFor profitMKTGDec 20, 2010
Aurobindo PharmaFor profitMKTGJun 20, 2011
Avet LifesciencesFor profitMKTGJan 24, 2013
BaxaltaFor profitMKTGJun 5, 2013
Bedford PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGDec 1, 2010
Cadila HealthcareFor profitMKTGSep 7, 2012
CelltrionFor profitMKTGJun 20, 2011
Chartwell PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGMar 30, 2012
Chartwell PharmaceuticalsFor profitSYNJun 20, 2011
CiplaFor profitMKTGMar 30, 2012
Dr. Reddy's LaboratoriesFor profitMKTGJun 20, 2011
EmcureFor profitMKTGJan 24, 2013
Eugia PharmaFor profitMKTGJan 24, 2013
FosunFor profitMKTGApr 22, 2020
FreseniusFor profitMKTGJun 19, 2013
Gland Pharma LtdFor profitMKTGApr 22, 2020
Gland Pharma LtdFor profitSYNApr 22, 2020
Glenmark PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGJun 20, 2011
Glenmark PharmaceuticalsFor profitSYNJun 20, 2011
Hetero Labs LtdFor profitMKTGJan 8, 2015
Hi Tech PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGJun 20, 2011
HikmaFor profitSYNSep 16, 2011
HikmaFor profitMKTGJan 31, 2011
HospiraFor profitMKTGAug 12, 2015
HospiraFor profitSYNAug 12, 2015
InforlifeFor profitMKTGJul 7, 2011
Johnson and JohnsonFor profitNDA2Dec 20, 1996
Johnson and JohnsonFor profitNDADec 20, 1996
Jubilant Innovation Ltd.For profitMKTGJun 19, 2015
KNACKFor profitMKTGJan 29, 2024
Lannett Company, Inc.For profitMKTGMay 25, 2018
LupinFor profitMKTGJun 20, 2011
Macleods Pharmaceuticals, LtdFor profitMKTGMar 22, 2012
Micro Labs Ltd IndiaFor profitMKTGFeb 27, 2019
MylanFor profitSYNJun 20, 2011
MylanFor profitMKTGJun 20, 2011
MylanFor profitSYNDec 8, 2017
MylanFor profitSYNDec 4, 2009
Natco PharmaFor profitMKTGJun 20, 2011
NovartisFor profitMKTGJun 20, 2011
Novitium PharmaFor profitMKTGJun 20, 2011
Orbion PharmsFor profitMKTGJan 30, 2012
Orchid PharmaFor profitMKTGJan 30, 2012
PHARMOBEDIENTFor profitMKTGJun 20, 2011
PfizerFor profitMKTGAug 12, 2015
Rising PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGDec 20, 2010
Rising PharmaceuticalsFor profitSYNDec 20, 2010
Rubicon ResearchFor profitMKTGDec 20, 2010
Rubicon ResearchFor profitSYNDec 20, 2010
SandozFor profitMKTGJun 20, 2011
Santen Inc.For profitNDA2Aug 18, 2000
Sciegen PharmaceticalsFor profitMKTGDec 20, 2010
SicorFor profitMKTGJun 20, 2005
Sunshine Lake Pharma Co., Ltd.For profitMKTGFeb 5, 2019
TevaFor profitSYNJun 20, 2011
TevaFor profitMKTGFeb 10, 2011
TevaFor profitNDA2Jun 20, 2005
Torrent Pharmaceuticals LimitedFor profitMKTGJun 20, 2011
Watson PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGNov 22, 2013
WockhardtFor profitMKTGJun 20, 2011
Zydus Discovery DMCCFor profitSYNJun 1, 2017
Zydus Discovery DMCCFor profitMKTGSep 7, 2012
Zydus Discovery DMCCFor profitSYNSep 7, 2012