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etomidate

Trade name: amidate

Small moleculeapproved

Approved

Sep 7, 1982

Etomidate (AMIDATE®) is an imidazole derivative anesthetic and hypnotic with little effect on blood gases, ventilation, or the cardiovascular system. It is intended for the induction of general anesthesia by intravenous injection. Etomidate (AMIDATE®) is also indicated for the supplementation of subpotent anesthetic agents, such as nitrous oxide in oxygen, during maintenance of anesthesia for short operative procedures such as dilation and curettage or cervical conization. It also produces a unique toxicity among anesthetic drugs - inhibition of adrenal steroid synthesis that far outlasts its hypnotic action and that may reduce survival of critically ill patients. The major molecular targets mediating anesthetic effects of etomidate (AMIDATE®) in the central nervous system are specific gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) type A receptor subtypes. The R(+) isomer of etomidate is 10 times more potent than its S(-) isomer at potentiating GABA-A receptor activity. — NCATS

Clinical trial activity

80 trials · 68 clinical orgs · 17 marketing orgs

Phase 1
8
Phase 2
8
Phase 3
7
Phase 4
35

Earliest trial started Oct 1, 2002 (NCT00248729)

Timeline

1980s

  1. Sep 7, 1982

    Hospira — Earliest FDA Approval

  2. Sep 7, 1982

    Hospira — NDA Organization

  3. Sep 7, 1982

    Hospira — NDA Secondary Org

1990s

  1. Nov 4, 1996

    West-Ward Pharmaceutical — Marketing Organization

2000s

  1. Jan 1, 2002

    Earliest Phase 2 Sponsor(trial)

  2. Jan 2, 2009

    Rising Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

  3. Jan 2, 2009

    Mylan — Marketing Organization

  4. Dec 22, 2009

    Lutipold — Marketing Organization

  5. Dec 22, 2009

    Daiichi Sankyo — Marketing Organization

2010s

  1. Jan 1, 2012

    Earliest Phase 3 Sponsor(trial)

  2. Jun 20, 2012

    Par Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

  3. Jun 20, 2012

    Endo Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

  4. Jun 20, 2012

    PH HEALTH — Marketing Organization

  5. Jul 18, 2014

    Zydus Discovery DMCC — Marketing Organization

  6. Aug 13, 2014

    Emcure — Marketing Organization

  7. Aug 13, 2014

    Avet Lifesciences — Marketing Organization

  8. Jan 1, 2016

    Earliest Phase 1 Sponsor(trial)

  9. Feb 25, 2016

    Hikma — Marketing Organization

  10. Feb 24, 2017

    Aurobindo Pharma — Marketing Organization

  11. Feb 24, 2017

    Eugia Pharma — Marketing Organization

  12. Apr 18, 2017

    Gland Pharma Ltd — Marketing Organization

2020s

  1. Dec 18, 2020

    Caplin Point Laboratories — Marketing Organization

Indications

Approved for

Studied for

Mechanism of action

Approval history

  • approvedSep 7, 1982

Chemistry & pharmacology

Loading structure…

SMILES

CCOC(=O)C1=CN=CN1[C@H](C)C2=CC=CC=C2
Mol. weight
244.289 g/mol
Lipinski Ro5
Pass
Rule of 3
No
Chirality
Single Stereoisomer
Inorganic
No
Polymer
No
Availability
Prescription Only

Oral

No

Parenteral

No

Topical

No

Sources

Also known as

  • 3-((r)-1-phenyl-ethyl)-3h-imidazole-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester
  • 3-((r)-1-phenyl-ethyl)-3h-imidazole-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester
  • amidate
  • amidate
  • amidate
  • amidate
  • amidate
  • d-etomidate
  • (+)-ethyl 1-(alpha-methylbenzyl)imidazole-5-carboxylate
  • (+)-ethyl 1-(alpha-methylbenzyl)imidazole-5-carboxylate
  • (+)-ethyl 1-(α-methylbenzyl)imidazole-5-carboxylate
  • (+)-ethyl 1-(α-methylbenzyl)imidazole-5-carboxylate
  • etomidate
  • etomidate
  • etomidate
  • etomidate
  • etomidate
  • etomidate
  • etomidate
  • etomidate
  • etomidate
  • etomidate
  • etomidate
  • (+)-etomidate
  • (+)-etomidate
  • (+)-etomidate
  • etomidato
  • etomidato
  • etomidatum
  • etomidatum
  • hypnomidate
  • (r)-1-(1-phenylethyl)-1h-imidazole-5-carboxylic acid ethyl ester
  • (r)-1-(1-phenylethyl)-1h-imidazole-5-carboxylic acid ethyl ester
  • (r)-(+)-1-(alpha-methylbenzyl)imidazole-5-carboxylic acid ethyl ester
  • (r)-(+)-1-(alpha-methylbenzyl)imidazole-5-carboxylic acid ethyl ester
  • r-(+)-ethyl 1-(1-phenylethyl)-1h-imidazole-5-carboxylate
  • r-(+)-ethyl 1-(1-phenylethyl)-1h-imidazole-5-carboxylate

Clinical trials

NCT IDPhaseStart dateSponsor(s)
NCT07079176N/AAug 1, 2025Jiao Tong University
NCT07062601N/AJul 10, 2025Anqing Municipal Hospital
NCT07012902Early Phase 1 (Phase 1)Jun 12, 2025Shanxi Medical University
NCT06858852Phase 3Mar 31, 2025Fosun, Sichuan University
NCT06976996N/AMar 16, 2025Nanjing Medical University
NCT06682546Phase 2Nov 15, 2024Fosun, Sichuan University
NCT06764147Phase 1Dec 25, 2023Fosun, Shandong Province Qianfoshan Hospital
NCT06176716Phase 1Dec 6, 2023Fosun, Jinlin University
NCT06068764Phase 4Dec 5, 2023University of Connecticut
NCT06822166Phase 1Dec 4, 2023Fosun, Shandong Province Qianfoshan Hospital
NCT06747520Phase 1Nov 30, 2023Fosun, Shandong Province Qianfoshan Hospital
NCT06822153Phase 1Nov 9, 2023Fosun, Jinan University
NCT06203431Phase 3Oct 11, 2023Fosun, Sichuan University
NCT05748665N/AAug 14, 2023Xijing Hospital
NCT06822114Phase 1Jul 17, 2023Fosun, Soochow University
NCT05810363N/AJun 16, 2023Huazhong University of Science and Technology
NCT06664138Phase 4Apr 28, 2023Dankook University
NCT05259787Phase 4Sep 28, 2022Jiao Tong University
NCT05358535Phase 3Sep 19, 2022The University of Texas, Dallas, University of Texas, Galveston
NCT05520645N/AAug 25, 2022Peking University
Showing 20 of 80 trials
Page 1 / 4

Organizations

Research & Development (68)

OrganizationOrg typeTrialsAs lead sponsorPhasesEarliest year
FosunFor profit9932023
People's Liberation Army of ChinaGovernment7622013
Jiao Tong UniversityAcademic/Hospital5522013
Shandong Province Qianfoshan HospitalAcademic/Hospital3012023
Sichuan UniversityAcademic/Hospital3022023
Advocate HealthcareAcademic/Hospital2212007
Henan Medical UniversityAcademic/Hospital2212014
Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyAcademic/Hospital2112013
Jiangsu Nhwa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.For profit2222012
Nanjing Medical UniversityAcademic/Hospital2212015
Peking UniversityAcademic/Hospital2212021
The Cleveland ClinicAcademic/Hospital2222021
The University of Texas, DallasAcademic/Hospital2222016
Tianjin Medical UniversityAcademic/Hospital2112015
Ajou UniversityAcademic/Hospital1112019
Anqing Municipal HospitalAcademic/Hospital1112025
Baskent UniversityAcademic/Hospital1112011
Central South UniversityAcademic/Hospital1112016
Cheju Halla General HospitalAcademic/Hospital1112013
Dankook UniversityAcademic/Hospital1112023
68 organizations
Page 1 / 4

Marketing (20)

OrganizationOrg typeRelationshipDate
Aurobindo PharmaFor profitMKTGFeb 24, 2017
Avet LifesciencesFor profitMKTGAug 13, 2014
Caplin Point LaboratoriesFor profitMKTGDec 18, 2020
Daiichi SankyoFor profitMKTGDec 22, 2009
EmcureFor profitMKTGAug 13, 2014
Endo PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGJun 20, 2012
Eugia PharmaFor profitMKTGFeb 24, 2017
Gland Pharma LtdFor profitMKTGApr 18, 2017
Gland Pharma LtdFor profitSYNApr 18, 2017
HikmaFor profitMKTGFeb 25, 2016
HospiraFor profitNDASep 7, 1982
HospiraFor profitNDA2Sep 7, 1982
LutipoldFor profitMKTGDec 22, 2009
MylanFor profitMKTGJan 2, 2009
PH HEALTHFor profitMKTGJun 20, 2012
Par PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGJun 20, 2012
Rising PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGJan 2, 2009
Rising PharmaceuticalsFor profitSYNJan 2, 2009
West-Ward PharmaceuticalFor profitMKTGNov 4, 1996
Zydus Discovery DMCCFor profitMKTGJul 18, 2014