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citalopram

Trade name: celexa

Small moleculeapproved

Approved

Jul 17, 1998

Citalopram hydrobromide (citalopram HB) belongs to a class of antidepressant agents known as selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). It is sold under the brand name Celexa and is indicated for the treatment of depression. The mechanism of action of citalopram HBr is presumed to be linked to potentiation of serotonergic activity in the central nervous system (CNS) resulting from its inhibition of CNS neuronal reuptake of serotonin (5-HT). In vitro and in vivo studies in animals suggest that citalopram is a highly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) with minimal effects on norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA) neuronal reuptake. Citalopram is a racemic mixture, and the inhibition of 5-HT reuptake by citalopram is primarily due to the (S)-enantiomer. Citalopram can be used off-label for the treatment of anxiety, autism, dementia, alcoholism, diabetic neuropathy, eating disorders such as anorexia and bulimia, premature ejaculation and many others. Citalopram causes dose-dependent QT interval prolongation which is why it isno longer prescribed at doses greater than 40 mg per day. — NCATS

Clinical trial activity

199 trials · 226 clinical orgs · 36 marketing orgs

Phase 1
37
Phase 2
57
Phase 3
27
Phase 4
52

Earliest trial started Sep 1, 1995 (NCT00009204)

Timeline

1990s

  1. Jan 1, 1995

    Earliest Phase 3 Sponsor(trial)

  2. Jul 17, 1998

    Allergan — Earliest FDA Approval

  3. Jul 17, 1998

    Allergan — NDA Secondary Org

  4. Jul 17, 1998

    Allergan — NDA Organization

  5. Jul 17, 1998

    Allergan — Marketing Organization

  6. Jul 17, 1998

    AbbVie — Marketing Organization

  7. Jul 17, 1998

    AbbVie — NDA Secondary Org

  8. Dec 22, 1999

    Forest Laboratories — Marketing Organization

  9. Dec 22, 1999

    Forest Laboratories — NDA Secondary Org

2000s

  1. Jan 1, 2000

    Earliest Phase 2 Sponsor(trial)

  2. Jan 1, 2003

    Actavis — Earliest Phase 1 Sponsor(trial)

  3. Oct 28, 2004

    Actavis — Marketing Organization

  4. Oct 28, 2004

    Aurobindo Pharma — Marketing Organization

  5. Oct 28, 2004

    Dr. Reddy's Laboratories — Marketing Organization

  6. Oct 28, 2004

    Epic Pharma Llc — Marketing Organization

  7. Oct 28, 2004

    Fosun — Marketing Organization

  8. Oct 28, 2004

    Heritage Pharma — Marketing Organization

  9. Nov 5, 2004

    Chartwell Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

  10. Nov 5, 2004

    Mylan — Marketing Organization

  11. Nov 5, 2004

    PHARMOBEDIENT — Marketing Organization

  12. Nov 12, 2004

    Sun Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

  13. Nov 16, 2004

    Cosette — Marketing Organization

  14. Nov 16, 2004

    G & W Laboratories Inc. — Marketing Organization

  15. Nov 16, 2004

    ACP Nimble — Marketing Organization

  16. Nov 23, 2004

    Roxane Laboratories — Marketing Organization

  17. Nov 23, 2004

    Boehringer Ingelheim — Marketing Organization

  18. Nov 24, 2004

    Apotex — Marketing Organization

  19. Dec 13, 2004

    West-Ward Pharmaceutical — Marketing Organization

  20. Dec 13, 2004

    Hikma — Marketing Organization

  21. Jun 30, 2005

    Watson Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

  22. Oct 31, 2005

    Pliva — Marketing Organization

  23. Nov 15, 2005

    Pharmaceutical Associates — Marketing Organization

  24. Dec 20, 2005

    Biovail — NDA Secondary Org

  25. Mar 22, 2006

    Taro Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

  26. Mar 31, 2006

    Teva — Marketing Organization

  27. Jun 14, 2006

    Lannett Company, Inc. — Marketing Organization

  28. Oct 3, 2006

    Invagen Pharms — Marketing Organization

  29. Nov 30, 2006

    Amneal Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

  30. Mar 27, 2007

    Torrent Pharmaceuticals Limited — Marketing Organization

  31. Apr 10, 2008

    Natco Pharma — Marketing Organization

  32. Feb 27, 2009

    Glenmark Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

2010s

  1. Dec 15, 2015

    Hetero Labs Ltd — Marketing Organization

  2. Dec 23, 2015

    Jubilant Innovation Ltd. — Marketing Organization

2020s

  1. Jan 31, 2022

    Alvogen — Marketing Organization

  2. Jan 31, 2022

    Alvogen — NDA Secondary Org

Indications

Approved for

Studied for

Mechanism of action

Approval history

  • approvedJul 17, 1998

Chemistry & pharmacology

Loading structure…

SMILES

CN(C)CCCC1(c2ccc(F)cc2)OCc2cc(C#N)ccc21
Mol. weight
324.4 g/mol
Lipinski Ro5
Pass
Rule of 3
No
Chirality
Racemic Mixture
Inorganic
No
Polymer
No
Delivery
Oral
Availability
Prescription Only

Oral

Yes

Parenteral

No

Topical

No

Black box warning

Sources

Also known as

  • bonitrile
  • celexa
  • celexa
  • celexa
  • celexa
  • cipramil
  • cipramil
  • citadur
  • citadur
  • citalopram
  • citalopram
  • citalopram
  • citalopram
  • citalopram
  • citalopram
  • citalopram
  • citalopram
  • citalopram
  • citalopram
  • citalopram hydrobromide
  • citalopram hydrobromide
  • citalopram hydrobromide
  • citalopram hydrobromide
  • lu-10171b
  • lu-10171b
  • nitalapram
  • nitalapram
  • nitalapram
  • paxoran

Clinical trials

NCT IDPhaseStart dateSponsor(s)
NCT06949644N/AAug 1, 2025National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), Northwestern University
NCT06957223N/AMay 6, 2025CMH Nowshera, Pakistan Army
NCT06957210N/AMay 6, 2025CMH Nowshera, Pakistan Army
NCT06796946Early Phase 1 (Phase 1)Apr 30, 2025University of Huelva
NCT06740188Phase 4Jan 1, 2025Huazhong University of Science and Technology
NCT06412315N/AJul 31, 2024University of Oxford
NCT06192589Phase 1Feb 8, 2024Food and Drug Administration, Spaulding Clinical Research Inc.
NCT05957094N/AAug 31, 2023University of British Columbia
NCT06017037Phase 1/Phase 2 (Phase 2)May 19, 2023University of Oxford
NCT06358014N/AMay 12, 2023Capital Medical University
NCT06025474Phase 3Jan 1, 2023University of Naples Frederico II
NCT05352113N/AMay 1, 2022Hangzhou First People Hospital, Zhejiang University
NCT05353543N/AMay 1, 2022Hangzhou First People Hospital, Zhejiang University
NCT05735756Phase 4Jan 17, 2022University of Amsterdam
NCT05524519N/AJan 1, 2022First People's Hospital of Hangzhou, Zhejiang University
NCT05605002N/AJan 1, 2022First People's Hospital of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang University
NCT05271084Phase 1/Phase 2 (Phase 2)Nov 10, 2021Hawler Medical University
NCT05063604Phase 2Sep 30, 2021Catalan Institute of Oncology, University of Barcelona
NCT05041582Phase 3Sep 1, 2021Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei Veteran General hospital, University of Oxford
NCT04766229Phase 2Jun 21, 2021Big Health, Irish Cancer Society, National University of Ireland, University College Dublin
Showing 20 of 199 trials
Page 1 / 10

Organizations

Research & Development (226)

OrganizationOrg typeTrialsAs lead sponsorPhasesEarliest year
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)Government32751995
Columbia UniversityAcademic/Hospital11942004
University of TorontoAcademic/Hospital10842002
University of OxfordAcademic/Hospital9752009
University of PittsburghAcademic/Hospital6541995
Department of Veteran AffairsGovernment5332003
Mayo ClinicAcademic/Hospital5341995
The University of Texas, DallasAcademic/Hospital5132001
Forest LaboratoriesFor profit4322007
Harvard UniversityAcademic/Hospital4422003
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)Government4112001
University of MichiganAcademic/Hospital4332009
University of Texas at HoustonAcademic/Hospital4112001
Zhejiang UniversityAcademic/Hospital4412022
ActavisFor profit3312003
Capital Medical UniversityAcademic/Hospital3212013
Jiao Tong UniversityAcademic/Hospital3312012
Katholieke Universiteit LeuvenAcademic/Hospital3322011
Nanjing Medical UniversityAcademic/Hospital3322011
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)Government3022002
226 organizations
Page 1 / 12

Marketing (50)

OrganizationOrg typeRelationshipDate
ACP NimbleFor profitMKTGNov 16, 2004
AbbVieFor profitMKTGJul 17, 1998
AbbVieFor profitNDA2Jul 17, 1998
ActavisFor profitMKTGOct 28, 2004
AllerganFor profitNDA2Jul 17, 1998
AllerganFor profitNDAJul 17, 1998
AllerganFor profitMKTGJul 17, 1998
AlvogenFor profitMKTGJan 31, 2022
AlvogenFor profitNDA2Jan 31, 2022
Amneal PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGNov 30, 2006
ApotexFor profitMKTGNov 24, 2004
ApotexFor profitSYNNov 24, 2004
Aurobindo PharmaFor profitMKTGOct 28, 2004
Aurobindo PharmaFor profitSYNAug 28, 2006
Aurobindo PharmaFor profitSYNAug 28, 2006
BiovailFor profitNDA2Dec 20, 2005
Boehringer IngelheimFor profitMKTGNov 23, 2004
Chartwell PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGNov 5, 2004
Chartwell PharmaceuticalsFor profitSYNAug 17, 2005
CosetteFor profitMKTGNov 16, 2004
Dr. Reddy's LaboratoriesFor profitMKTGOct 28, 2004
Epic Pharma LlcFor profitSYNApr 29, 2005
Epic Pharma LlcFor profitMKTGOct 28, 2004
Forest LaboratoriesFor profitMKTGDec 22, 1999
Forest LaboratoriesFor profitNDA2Dec 22, 1999
FosunFor profitMKTGOct 28, 2004
G & W Laboratories Inc.For profitMKTGNov 16, 2004
Glenmark PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGFeb 27, 2009
Glenmark PharmaceuticalsFor profitSYNFeb 27, 2009
Heritage PharmaFor profitMKTGOct 28, 2004
Hetero Labs LtdFor profitMKTGDec 15, 2015
HikmaFor profitMKTGDec 13, 2004
HikmaFor profitSYNDec 13, 2004
Invagen PharmsFor profitMKTGOct 3, 2006
Jubilant Innovation Ltd.For profitMKTGDec 23, 2015
Lannett Company, Inc.For profitMKTGJun 14, 2006
MylanFor profitSYNNov 5, 2004
MylanFor profitMKTGNov 5, 2004
Natco PharmaFor profitMKTGApr 10, 2008
PHARMOBEDIENTFor profitMKTGNov 5, 2004
Pharmaceutical AssociatesFor profitMKTGNov 15, 2005
PlivaFor profitMKTGOct 31, 2005
Roxane LaboratoriesFor profitMKTGNov 23, 2004
Sun PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGNov 12, 2004
Sun PharmaceuticalsFor profitSYNJul 3, 2006
Taro PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGMar 22, 2006
TevaFor profitMKTGMar 31, 2006
Torrent Pharmaceuticals LimitedFor profitMKTGMar 27, 2007
Watson PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGJun 30, 2005
West-Ward PharmaceuticalFor profitMKTGDec 13, 2004