promethazine hydrochloride
Trade name: phenergan
Approved
Mar 29, 1951
Promethazine is a phenothiazine derivative with histamine H1-blocking, antimuscarinic, and sedative properties. Promethazine HCl Oral Solution is useful for: perennial and seasonal allergic rhinitis. Allergic conjunctivitis due to inhalant allergens and foods. Anaphylactic reactions, as adjunctive therapy to epinephrine and other standard measures, after the acute manifestations have been controlled. Preoperative, postoperative, or obstetric sedation. Prevention and control of nausea and vomiting associated with certain types of anesthesia and surgery. Therapy adjunctive to meperidine or other analgesics for control of post-operative pain. Active and prophylactic treatment of motion sickness. Antiemetic therapy in postoperative patients. — NCATS
Clinical trial activity
37 trials · 44 clinical orgs · 60 marketing orgs
Earliest trial started Oct 1, 2003 (NCT00429832)
Timeline
1950s
- Mar 29, 1951
delcor — Earliest FDA Approval
- Mar 29, 1951
delcor — NDA Secondary Org
- Mar 29, 1951
delcor — NDA Organization
- Jan 21, 1952
Ani Pharmaceuticals — NDA Secondary Org
- Aug 20, 1956
American Home Products — NDA Secondary Org
- May 5, 1958
Mylan — NDA Secondary Org
1960s
- Nov 13, 1961
West-Ward Pharmaceutical — Marketing Organization
- Nov 13, 1961
Hikma — Marketing Organization
- Nov 13, 1961
Hikma — NDA Secondary Org
1970s
- Mar 6, 1973
Watson Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
- Jan 21, 1974
Hospira — Marketing Organization
- Feb 18, 1975
Sandoz — Marketing Organization
- Jul 28, 1976
Lannett Company, Inc. — Marketing Organization
- Jul 28, 1976
Chartwell Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
- Sep 9, 1976
Mylan — Marketing Organization
- Mar 3, 1977
Lumara Health — Marketing Organization
- Aug 21, 1978
Actavis — Marketing Organization
- Nov 14, 1978
Alpharma — Marketing Organization
- Nov 21, 1978
Altana — Marketing Organization
1980s
- Oct 5, 1981
Polymedica — Marketing Organization
- Jan 18, 1983
Upsher-Smith Laboratories — Marketing Organization
- Apr 5, 1983
Invatech — Marketing Organization
- Jan 4, 1985
Wockhardt — Marketing Organization
- Jan 4, 1985
Xttrium Laboratories — Marketing Organization
- Sep 10, 1985
Teva — Marketing Organization
- Nov 22, 1985
Fondazione Golgi Cenci — Marketing Organization
- Mar 2, 1987
Halsey — Marketing Organization
- Aug 14, 1987
Cosette — Marketing Organization
- Aug 14, 1987
ACP Nimble — Marketing Organization
- Aug 14, 1987
G & W Laboratories Inc. — Marketing Organization
- May 2, 1988
Marsam Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
- Dec 22, 1988
Pharmaceutical Associates — Marketing Organization
1990s
- Jul 31, 1996
Akorn, Inc. — Marketing Organization
2000s
- Feb 27, 2003
Able Laboratories — Marketing Organization
- Mar 19, 2003
Lutipold — Marketing Organization
- Mar 19, 2003
Sankyo — Marketing Organization
- Jun 30, 2003
Perrigo — Marketing Organization
- Jun 30, 2003
Padagis Us — Marketing Organization
- Jan 1, 2004
- Mar 17, 2004
Bedford Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
- Jan 1, 2005
Earliest Phase 3 Sponsor(trial)
- Nov 18, 2005
Zydus Discovery DMCC — Marketing Organization
- Jan 31, 2006
Vintage — Marketing Organization
- Feb 14, 2006
Slate Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
- Feb 14, 2006
SLATE RUN PHARMA — Marketing Organization
- Jul 18, 2006
Prinston Inc — Marketing Organization
- Jul 31, 2006
Kvk Tech Inc — Marketing Organization
- Oct 26, 2006
Taro Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
- Nov 8, 2006
Novartis — Marketing Organization
- Dec 7, 2006
Genus Oncology, LLC — Marketing Organization
- Mar 5, 2008
Quagen Pharma — Marketing Organization
- Apr 24, 2008
X Gen Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
- May 20, 2008
Impax Laboratories — Marketing Organization
- Sep 26, 2008
Atlantide Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
- Dec 30, 2008
Sun Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
- Mar 13, 2009
Nostrum Laboratories — Marketing Organization
- Aug 25, 2009
Amneal Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
2010s
- Jan 1, 2010
Earliest Phase 2 Sponsor(trial)
- Aug 30, 2011
Aurobindo Pharma — Marketing Organization
- Jun 28, 2012
Tris Pharma, Inc. — Marketing Organization
- Dec 23, 2014
Hi Tech Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
- Jun 30, 2017
Strides Pharma Science — Marketing Organization
2020s
- Nov 2, 2022
Annora Pharma — Marketing Organization
Indications
Approved for
Studied for
- Aggression · Phase 4
- Anxiety · Phase 4
- Anxiety Disorders · Phase 3
- Crohn Disease · Phase 2
- Dementia · Phase 3
- Depression · Phase 3
- Diabetes Mellitus · Phase 2
- Epilepsy · Phase 2
- Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets · Phase 3
- Healthy Volunteers · Phase 1
- Hepatitis C, Chronic · Phase 4
- Hyperemesis Gravidarum · Phase 3
- Hypersensitivity · Phase 1
- Ischemic Stroke · Phase 1
- Labor Pain · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Liver Diseases · Phase 4
- Liver Failure · Phase 4
- Low Back Pain · Phase 4
- Migraine Disorders · Phase 2
- Migraine with Aura · Phase 3
- Migraine without Aura · Phase 3
- Motion · Phase 2
- Motion Sickness · Phase 2
- Nausea · Phase 4
- Pain · Phase 3
- Postoperative Complications · Phase 4
- Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting · Phase 4
- Pregnancy Complications · Phase 4
- Procedural Sedation · Phase 3
- Pruritus · Phase 4
- Psychiatry · Phase 4
- Psychophysiologic Disorders · Phase 3
- Psychotic Disorders · Phase 3
- Schizophrenia · Phase 3
- Snake Bites · Phase 4
- Space Motion Sickness · Phase 2
- Vertigo · Phase 3
- Vestibular Diseases · Phase 4
- Vomiting · Phase 4
Mechanism of action
- Histamine H1 receptorANTAGONIST
HRH1 antagonist
- Cyclic GMP-AMP synthaseINHIBITOR
CGAS inhibitor
Combination products
mepergan
with meperidine
phenergan vc
with phenylephrine
Also known as pherazine vc, promethazine vc plain, prometh vc plain
phenergan vc w/ codeine
with phenylephrine, codeine
Also known as pherazine vc w/ codeine, promethazine vc w/ codeine, prometh hydrochloride,phenylephrine hydrochloride w/codeine phosphate, prometh vc w/ codeine
phenergan w/ codeine
with codeine
Also known as pherazine w/ codeine, promethazine with codeine
prometh w/ dextromethorphan
with dextromethorphan
Also known as pherazine dm, promethazine dm, promethazine w/ dextromethorphan
Approval history
- approvedMar 29, 1951
Chemistry & pharmacology
SMILES
CC(CN1c2ccccc2Sc2ccccc21)N(C)C- Mol. weight
- 284.43 g/mol
- Lipinski Ro5
- Pass
- Rule of 3
- No
- Chirality
- Racemic Mixture
- Inorganic
- No
- Polymer
- No
- Delivery
- Oral, Parenteral, Topical
- Availability
- Prescription Only
Oral
Yes
Parenteral
Yes
Topical
Yes
Sources
- ChEMBLCHEMBL643 ↗
- WikipediaPromethazine ↗
- NCATSFF28EJQ494 ↗
- ChEMBLCHEMBL3833361 ↗
- ChEMBLCHEMBL1200750 ↗
Also known as
- 10-(2-dimethylaminopropyl)phenothiazine
- 10-(2-dimethylaminopropyl)phenothiazine
- 10-[2-(dimethylamino)propyl]phenothiazine
- 10-[2-(dimethylamino)propyl]phenothiazine
- (2-dimethylamino-2-methyl)ethyl-n-dibenzoparathiazine
- (2-dimethylamino-2-methyl)ethyl-n-dibenzoparathiazine
- avomine
- avomine
- diphergan
- mymethazine fortis
- mymethazine fortis
- n-(2'-dimethylamino-2'-methyl)ethylphenothiazine
- n-(2'-dimethylamino-2'-methyl)ethylphenothiazine
- n,n,alpha-trimethyl-10h-phenothiazine-10-ethanamine
- n,n,alpha-trimethyl-10h-phenothiazine-10-ethanamine
- n,n,α-trimethyl-10h-phenothiazine-10-ethanamine
- n,n,α-trimethyl-10h-phenothiazine-10-ethanamine
- phenergan
- phenergan
- phenergan
- phenergan
- phenergan nightime
- phenhalal
- phensedyl
- phensedyl
- proazamine
- proazamine
- proazamine
- prometazin
- prometazina
- prometazina
- promethacon
- promethacon
- promethazine
- promethazine
- promethazine
- promethazine
- promethazine
- promethazine
- promethazine
- promethazine
- promethazine
- promethazine
- promethazine hcl
- promethazine hcl
- promethazine hcl
- promethazine hydrochloride
- promethazine hydrochloride
- promethazine hydrochloride
- promethazine hydrochloride
- promethazine hydrochloride plain
- promethazine plain
- promethazine plain
- promethazine teoclate
- promethazine teoclate
- promethazinum
- promethazinum
- promethegan
- promethegan
- prometh fortis
- prometh fortis
- prometh plain
- prometh plain
- protazine
- q-mazine
- remsed
- remsed
- sarantihist
- z-521
- zipan-25
- zipan-25
- zipan-50
- zipan-50
Clinical trials
| NCT ID | Phase | Start date | Sponsor(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT06663631 | Phase 1 | Nov 30, 2024 | Capital Medical University, Linyi People's Hospital |
| NCT05586763 | Phase 3 | Feb 1, 2022 | Oman Medical Board Specialty (OMSB) |
| NCT05852730 | Phase 2 | Aug 10, 2021 | NASA, Repurposed Therapeutics, Inc. |
| NCT04805073 | Phase 4 | Aug 9, 2021 | University of Florida |
| NCT03877718 | Phase 2 | Feb 1, 2019 | Charleston Laboratories, Inc |
| NCT03639558 | Phase 4 | Aug 28, 2018 | Croix-Rousse Hospital, Lyon, University of Nottingham |
| NCT03657810 | Phase 3 | Aug 2, 2017 | Charleston Laboratories, Inc |
| NCT02765256 | Phase 2 | Aug 1, 2016 | Crohn's and Colitis Foundation, University of Pennsylvania |
| NCT02625181 | N/A | Jul 1, 2016 | University of Washington, Vanderbilt University |
| NCT02473042 | N/A | Feb 1, 2016 | University of Texas at Houston |
| NCT02712554 | Phase 1 | Jun 1, 2015 | Charleston Laboratories, Inc |
| NCT02374567 | Phase 3 | Jan 1, 2015 | Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover |
| NCT02465866 | Phase 1 | Nov 1, 2014 | Charleston Laboratories, Inc |
| NCT02462850 | Phase 3 | Oct 31, 2014 | Charleston Laboratories, Inc |
| NCT02130622 | Phase 2 | Jul 1, 2014 | American College of Gastroenterology, Dartmouth University |
| NCT02136420 | Phase 4 | Jun 1, 2014 | Harvard University, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, National Space Biomedical Research Institute |
| NCT01827293 | Phase 3 | Apr 1, 2013 | Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences |
| NCT01780428 | Phase 3 | Jan 31, 2013 | Charleston Laboratories, Inc |
| NCT01814189 | Phase 3 | Jan 1, 2013 | Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences |
| NCT01846455 | Phase 4 | Sep 1, 2012 | American Research Corporation (ARC), Clinical Pharmacology of Miami, Indivior Inc., Orlando Clinical Research Center |
Organizations
Research & Development (44)
Marketing (77)
| Organization | Org type | Relationship | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ACP Nimble | For profit | MKTG | Aug 14, 1987 |
| Abbott | For profit | MKTG | — |
| Able Laboratories | For profit | MKTG | Feb 27, 2003 |
| Actavis | For profit | MKTG | Aug 21, 1978 |
| Akorn, Inc. | For profit | MKTG | Jul 31, 1996 |
| Alpharma | For profit | MKTG | Nov 14, 1978 |
| Altana | For profit | MKTG | Nov 21, 1978 |
| American Home Products | For profit | NDA2 | Aug 20, 1956 |
| Amneal Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Aug 25, 2009 |
| Amneal Pharmaceuticals | For profit | SYN | Dec 13, 2010 |
| Ani Pharmaceuticals | For profit | NDA2 | Jan 21, 1952 |
| Annora Pharma | For profit | MKTG | Nov 2, 2022 |
| Atlantide Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Sep 26, 2008 |
| Aurobindo Pharma | For profit | MKTG | Aug 30, 2011 |
| Bedford Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Mar 17, 2004 |
| Bristol-Myers Squibb | For profit | MKTG | — |
| Chartwell Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Jul 28, 1976 |
| Chartwell Pharmaceuticals | For profit | SYN | Sep 25, 1998 |
| Cosette | For profit | MKTG | Aug 14, 1987 |
| Fondazione Golgi Cenci | Academic/Hospital | MKTG | Nov 22, 1985 |
| G & W Laboratories Inc. | For profit | MKTG | Aug 14, 1987 |
| G & W Laboratories Inc. | For profit | SYN | Oct 31, 1984 |
| Genus Oncology, LLC | For profit | MKTG | Dec 7, 2006 |
| Halsey | For profit | MKTG | Mar 2, 1987 |
| Hi Tech Pharmaceuticals | For profit | SYN | Dec 23, 2014 |
| Hi Tech Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Dec 23, 2014 |
| Hi Tech Pharmaceuticals | For profit | SYN | Jul 31, 1996 |
| Hikma | For profit | MKTG | Nov 13, 1961 |
| Hikma | For profit | NDA2 | Nov 13, 1961 |
| Hospira | For profit | MKTG | Jan 21, 1974 |
| Impax Laboratories | For profit | MKTG | May 20, 2008 |
| Invatech | For profit | MKTG | Apr 5, 1983 |
| Kvk Tech Inc | For profit | MKTG | Jul 31, 2006 |
| Lannett Company, Inc. | For profit | MKTG | Jul 28, 1976 |
| Lumara Health | For profit | MKTG | Mar 3, 1977 |
| Lutipold | For profit | MKTG | Mar 19, 2003 |
| Marsam Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | May 2, 1988 |
| Mylan | For profit | NDA2 | May 5, 1958 |
| Mylan | For profit | MKTG | Sep 9, 1976 |
| Mylan | For profit | SYN | Aug 30, 2011 |
| Mylan | For profit | SYN | Nov 21, 2002 |
| Nostrum Laboratories | For profit | MKTG | Mar 13, 2009 |
| Novartis | For profit | MKTG | Nov 8, 2006 |
| Padagis Us | For profit | MKTG | Jun 30, 2003 |
| Perrigo | For profit | SYN | Jun 30, 2003 |
| Perrigo | For profit | MKTG | Jun 30, 2003 |
| Pharmaceutical Associates | For profit | MKTG | Dec 22, 1988 |
| Polymedica | For profit | MKTG | Oct 5, 1981 |
| Prinston Inc | For profit | MKTG | Jul 18, 2006 |
| Quagen Pharma | For profit | MKTG | Mar 5, 2008 |
| SLATE RUN PHARMA | For profit | MKTG | Feb 14, 2006 |
| Sandoz | For profit | MKTG | Feb 18, 1975 |
| Sankyo | For profit | MKTG | Mar 19, 2003 |
| Slate Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Feb 14, 2006 |
| Strides Pharma Science | For profit | MKTG | Jun 30, 2017 |
| Sun Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Dec 30, 2008 |
| Sun Pharmaceuticals | For profit | SYN | Jul 29, 1975 |
| Tablicaps | For profit | MKTG | — |
| Taro Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Oct 26, 2006 |
| Teva | For profit | MKTG | Sep 10, 1985 |
| Teva | For profit | SYN | Aug 22, 2002 |
| Teva | For profit | SYN | Sep 17, 1973 |
| Tris Pharma, Inc. | For profit | MKTG | Jun 28, 2012 |
| Upsher-Smith Laboratories | For profit | MKTG | Jan 18, 1983 |
| Vintage | For profit | MKTG | Jan 31, 2006 |
| Watson Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Mar 6, 1973 |
| Watson Pharmaceuticals | For profit | SYN | Jun 24, 2003 |
| West-Ward Pharmaceutical | For profit | MKTG | Nov 13, 1961 |
| Whiteworth Towne Paulsen | For profit | MKTG | — |
| Wockhardt | For profit | MKTG | Jan 4, 1985 |
| Wockhardt | For profit | SYN | Nov 15, 1982 |
| X Gen Pharmaceuticals | For profit | SYN | Apr 24, 2008 |
| X Gen Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Apr 24, 2008 |
| Xttrium Laboratories | For profit | MKTG | Jan 4, 1985 |
| Zydus Discovery DMCC | For profit | MKTG | Nov 18, 2005 |
| delcor | For profit | NDA2 | Mar 29, 1951 |
| delcor | For profit | NDA | Mar 29, 1951 |