phosphatidylcholine
Phosphatidylcholines (PC) are a class of phospholipids that incorporate choline as a headgroup. They are a major component of biological membranes and can easily be obtained from a variety of readily available sources, such as egg yolk or soybeans, from which they are mechanically or chemically extracted using hexane. They are also a member of the lecithin group of yellow-brownish fatty substances occurring in animal and plant tissues. Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (lecithin) is a major component of the pulmonary surfactant, and is often used in the lecithin–sphingomyelin ratio to calculate fetal lung maturity. While phosphatidylcholines are found in all plant and animal cells, they are absent in the membranes of most bacteria, including Escherichia coli. Purified phosphatidylcholine is produced commercially. — Wikipedia
Clinical trial activity
27 trials · 36 clinical orgs · 0 marketing orgs
Earliest trial started Aug 1, 1997 (NCT00003974)
Timeline
Indications
Approved for
Studied for
- Abdominal Pain · Phase 2
- Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury · Phase 3
- Colitis, Ulcerative · Phase 3
- Colorectal Neoplasms · Phase 2
- Diarrhea · Phase 2
- Endometrial Neoplasms · Phase 2
- Head and Neck Neoplasms · Phase 2
- Healthy Volunteers · Phase 1
- Hepatitis, Autoimmune · Phase 3
- HIV Infections · Phase 1
- Hyperlipidemias · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Intestine, Large · Phase 2
- Liver Diseases · Phase 3
- Liver Neoplasms · Phase 2
- Lung Neoplasms · Phase 2
- Melanoma · Phase 2
- Mesothelioma, Malignant · Phase 1
- Neoplasms · Phase 2
- Nerve Sheath Neoplasms · Phase 4
- Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease · Phase 3
- Osteoarthritis, Knee · Phase 4
- Pancreatic Neoplasms · Phase 2
- Phosphatidylcholines · Phase 2
- Schizophrenia · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Testicular Neoplasms · Phase 2
Mechanism of action
- Unspecified targetSupplementation
supplementation
Chemistry & pharmacology
SMILES
CCCCCCCCCCCCCCSCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP(=O)([O-])OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CSCCCCCCCCCCCCCC- Mol. weight
- 798.19 g/mol
- Lipinski Ro5
- 2 violation(s)
- Rule of 3
- No
- Inorganic
- No
- Polymer
- No
Oral
No
Parenteral
No
Topical
No
Sources
- WikipediaPhosphatidylcholine ↗
- ChEMBLCHEMBL503481 ↗
Also known as
- al 721
- al 721
- al-721
- detoxpc
- neutral lipid - phosphatidylcholine - phosphatidylethanolamine
- neutral lipid, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine drug combination
- phosphatidylcholine
- phosphatidylcholine
Clinical trials
| NCT ID | Phase | Start date | Sponsor(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT06090071 | Phase 4 | Dec 31, 2023 | Austin Institute for Clinical Research, SkinCeuticals |
| NCT05200156 | N/A | Feb 1, 2022 | Ain Shams University |
| NCT05063500 | Phase 3 | Oct 31, 2021 | Drug Induced Liver Disease Study Group, Government of China, Jiao Tong University, People's Liberation Army of China |
| NCT04800107 | N/A | Jan 6, 2021 | Ascension Health, Michigan Ear Institute |
| NCT04255368 | N/A | Nov 9, 2017 | Utah State University |
| NCT02878863 | Phase 3 | Aug 1, 2016 | Sichuan University, West China Hospital |
| NCT02849951 | Phase 3 | Jul 1, 2016 | INC Research, Nestle, Prometheus Inc. |
| NCT04411862 | Phase 3 | Jan 2, 2016 | Ain Shams University |
| NCT05742022 | Phase 2/Phase 3 (Phase 3) | Jan 1, 2016 | Government of Russia |
| NCT02517385 | Phase 3 | Aug 1, 2015 | Sanofi |
| NCT02409381 | Phase 4 | Jun 1, 2015 | Ache Laboratorios Farmaceuticos S.A., Artroclinica de Fortaleza |
| NCT02403804 | N/A | Apr 1, 2015 | University of Colorado, University of Colorado, Denver |
| NCT02280629 | Phase 3 | Oct 1, 2014 | Agaplesion Markus Krankenhaus, Dr. Falk Pharma GmbH |
| NCT02142725 | Phase 3 | Jul 21, 2014 | Agaplesion Markus Krankenhaus, Dr. Falk Pharma GmbH |
| NCT02633696 | Phase 1 | Oct 1, 2013 | Universidad Complutense de Madrid |
| NCT01905605 | Phase 1/Phase 2 (Phase 2) | Sep 1, 2013 | University of Colorado, Denver |
| NCT01011322 | Phase 2 | Dec 1, 2009 | Lipid Therapeutics GmbH, University of Heidelberg |
| NCT00851747 | N/A | Feb 1, 2009 | University of Rochester |
| NCT00757081 | N/A | Jun 1, 2008 | BodyAesthetic Research Center |
| NCT00259571 | Phase 2/Phase 3 (Phase 3) | Nov 28, 2005 | Dietmar Hopp Stiftung, University of Heidelberg |
Organizations
Research & Development (36)
| Organization | Org type | Trials | As lead sponsor | Phases | Earliest year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Heidelberg | Academic/Hospital | 4 | 3 | 2 | 2003 |
| Dietmar Hopp Stiftung | Academic/Hospital | 3 | 0 | 2 | 2003 |
| Agaplesion Markus Krankenhaus | Academic/Hospital | 2 | 0 | 1 | 2014 |
| Ain Shams University | Academic/Hospital | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2016 |
| Dr. Falk Pharma GmbH | For profit | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2014 |
| University of Colorado, Denver | Academic/Hospital | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2013 |
| Ache Laboratorios Farmaceuticos S.A. | For profit | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2015 |
| Artroclinica de Fortaleza | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2015 |
| Ascension Health | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2021 |
| Austin Institute for Clinical Research | For profit | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2023 |
| BodyAesthetic Research Center | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2008 |
| Drug Induced Liver Disease Study Group | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2021 |
| Egg Nutrition Center | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2004 |
| Government of China | Government | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2021 |
| Government of Russia | Government | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2016 |
| INC Research | For profit | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2016 |
| Jiao Tong University | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2021 |
| Lipid Therapeutics GmbH | For profit | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2009 |
| Michigan Ear Institute | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2021 |
| National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Government | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1997 |