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acetazolamide

Trade name: diamox

Small moleculeapproved

Approved

Jul 27, 1953

Acetazolamide, usually sold under the trade name Diamox in some countries. DIAMOX is used for adjunctive treatment of: chronic simple (open-angle) glaucoma, secondary glaucoma, and preoperatively in acute angle-closure glaucoma where delay of surgery is desired in order to lower intraocular pressure. DIAMOX is also indicated for the prevention or amelioration of symptoms associated with acute mountain sickness despite gradual ascent. DIAMOX is an enzyme inhibitor that acts specifically on carbonic anhydrase, the enzyme that catalyzes the reversible reaction involving the hydration of carbon dioxide and the dehydration of carbonic acid. In the eye, this inhibitory action of acetazolamide decreases the secretion of aqueous humor and results in a drop in intraocular pressure, a reaction considered desirable in cases of glaucoma and even in certain non-glaucomatous conditions. Evidence seems to indicate that DIAMOX has utility as an adjuvant in treatment of certain dysfunctions of the central nervous system (e.g., epilepsy). The diuretic effect of DIAMOX is due to its action in the kidney on the reversible reaction involving hydration of carbon dioxide and dehydration of carbonic acid. The result is renal loss of HCO3 ion, which carries out sodium, water, and potassium. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, a list of the most important medications needed in a basic health system. — NCATS

Clinical trial activity

152 trials · 128 clinical orgs · 51 marketing orgs

Phase 1
25
Phase 2
48
Phase 3
22
Phase 4
55

Earliest trial started Dec 1, 1990 (NCT00000115)

Timeline

1950s

  1. Jul 27, 1953

    Teva — Earliest FDA Approval

  2. Jul 27, 1953

    Teva — NDA Secondary Org

  3. Jul 27, 1953

    Teva — NDA Organization

1970s

  1. Jul 18, 1974

    Alta Pharma — Marketing Organization

  2. Mar 31, 1978

    Lannett Company, Inc. — Marketing Organization

  3. Mar 31, 1978

    Chartwell Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

1980s

  1. Feb 5, 1982

    Vanguard — Marketing Organization

  2. Oct 22, 1985

    Watson Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

  3. Jun 22, 1988

    Sun Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

  4. Jun 22, 1988

    Mutual Pharmaceutical — Marketing Organization

1990s

  1. Jan 1, 1990

    Earliest Phase 2 Sponsor(trial)

  2. Feb 28, 1995

    West-Ward Pharmaceutical — Marketing Organization

  3. Feb 28, 1995

    Hikma — Marketing Organization

  4. Oct 30, 1995

    Hospira — Marketing Organization

  5. Jan 1, 1997

    Earliest Phase 1 Sponsor(trial)

  6. May 28, 1997

    Taro Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

2000s

  1. Jan 1, 2002

    Earliest Phase 3 Sponsor(trial)

  2. Dec 10, 2008

    X Gen Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

  3. Dec 10, 2008

    Zydus Discovery DMCC — Marketing Organization

2010s

  1. Jul 14, 2011

    Indicus Pharma — Marketing Organization

  2. May 9, 2012

    Mylan — Marketing Organization

  3. Dec 19, 2014

    Emcure — Marketing Organization

  4. Dec 19, 2014

    Avet Lifesciences — Marketing Organization

  5. Mar 29, 2016

    Nostrum Laboratories — Marketing Organization

  6. Mar 29, 2016

    MPP PHARMA — Marketing Organization

  7. Sep 30, 2016

    Novast Labs — Marketing Organization

  8. Oct 27, 2016

    Heritage Pharma — Marketing Organization

  9. Jun 20, 2017

    Par Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

  10. Jun 20, 2017

    Endo Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

  11. Jun 20, 2017

    Bristol-Myers Squibb — Marketing Organization

  12. Jun 20, 2017

    PH HEALTH — Marketing Organization

  13. Nov 20, 2017

    Strides Pharma Science — Marketing Organization

  14. Oct 18, 2018

    Accord Research — Marketing Organization

  15. Jan 16, 2019

    Xylopia — Marketing Organization

  16. Jan 16, 2019

    Cadila Healthcare — Marketing Organization

  17. Feb 19, 2019

    Alembic — Marketing Organization

  18. Jun 18, 2019

    Rising Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

  19. Oct 17, 2019

    Novitium Pharma — Marketing Organization

  20. Oct 18, 2019

    HIBROW HLTHCARE — Marketing Organization

  21. Oct 18, 2019

    Eywa Pharma — Marketing Organization

2020s

  1. Apr 30, 2020

    Esteve Labs — Marketing Organization

  2. Oct 1, 2020

    Micro Labs Ltd India — Marketing Organization

  3. Oct 7, 2020

    MannKind Corp — Marketing Organization

  4. Oct 7, 2020

    Mankind Pharma — Marketing Organization

  5. Feb 22, 2021

    Appco Pharma — Marketing Organization

  6. Feb 22, 2021

    Somerset Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

  7. Aug 19, 2021

    Rubicon Research — Marketing Organization

  8. May 9, 2023

    Nephron Pharmaceuticals Corporation — Marketing Organization

  9. May 9, 2023

    AARKISH PHARMS NJ — Marketing Organization

  10. Sep 11, 2023

    Ajanta Pharma Ltd — Marketing Organization

  11. Jan 26, 2024

    Torrent Pharmaceuticals Limited — Marketing Organization

  12. May 14, 2024

    Epic Pharma Llc — Marketing Organization

  13. May 30, 2025

    Aurobindo Pharma — Marketing Organization

  14. Jun 17, 2025

    Gland Pharma Ltd — Marketing Organization

Indications

Approved for

Studied for

Mechanism of action

Approval history

  • approvedPriority reviewJul 27, 1953

Chemistry & pharmacology

Loading structure…

SMILES

CC(=O)Nc1nnc(S(N)(=O)=O)s1
Mol. weight
222.25 g/mol
Lipinski Ro5
Pass
Rule of 3
No
Chirality
Achiral Molecule
Inorganic
No
Polymer
No
Delivery
Oral, Parenteral
Availability
Prescription Only

Oral

Yes

Parenteral

Yes

Topical

No

Black box warning

Sources

Also known as

  • 2-acetylamino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-5-sulfonamide
  • 2-acetylamino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-5-sulfonamide
  • 5-acetamido-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-sulfonamide
  • 5-acetamido-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-sulfonamide
  • 5-acetylamino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-sulfonamide
  • 5-acetylamino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-sulfonamide
  • acetalozamide
  • acetamox
  • acetazolamid
  • acetazolamid
  • acetazolamid
  • acetazolamida
  • acetazolamida
  • acetazolamide
  • acetazolamide
  • acetazolamide
  • acetazolamide
  • acetazolamide
  • acetazolamide
  • acetazolamide
  • acetazolamide
  • acetazolamide
  • acetazolamide
  • acetazolamide
  • acétazolamide
  • acétazolamide
  • acetazolamide sodium
  • acetazolamide sodium
  • acetazolamide sodium
  • acetazolamide sodium
  • acetazolamidum
  • acetazolamidum
  • cidamex
  • diamox
  • diamox
  • diamox
  • diamox
  • diamox sr
  • eytazox
  • n-[5-(aminosulfonyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]acetamide
  • n-[5-(aminosulfonyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]acetamide
  • n-[5-(aminosulfonyl)-1,3,5-thiadiazol-2-yl]acetamide
  • n-[5-(aminosulfonyl)-1,3,5-thiadiazol-2-yl]acetamide
  • nephramide

Clinical trials

NCT IDPhaseStart dateSponsor(s)
NCT07199088N/AOct 11, 2025University of Health Sciences Lahore
NCT07101250Phase 4Sep 15, 2025Prisma Health
NCT06945848N/AApr 30, 2025Government of France, University of Montpellier
NCT06776432Phase 2Apr 2, 2025Shionogi
NCT06521476Phase 2Oct 31, 2024National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), University of Pittsburgh
NCT06535529Phase 3Aug 24, 2024Helwan University
NCT06783166Phase 2/Phase 3 (Phase 3)Aug 15, 2024Mansoura University
NCT06981234Phase 2Aug 14, 2024Breakthrough T1D, University of California, San Diego
NCT06498531Phase 4Jul 15, 2024Government of Kyrgyzstan, Government of Russia, University Clermont Auvergne, University of Heidelberg, University of Zurich
NCT07118462Phase 4Jul 15, 2024Centre d’Expertise sur l’Altitude EXALT, Government of Kyrgyzstan, Government of Russia, University of Zurich
NCT06498505Phase 4Jul 15, 2024Government of Kyrgyzstan, Government of Russia, University Clermont Auvergne, University of Heidelberg, University of Zurich
NCT06499727Phase 4Jul 15, 2024Government of Kyrgyzstan, Government of Russia, University Clermont Auvergne, University of Heidelberg, University of Zurich
NCT06414759Phase 4Jul 1, 2024Cairo University, Misr International University, National Heart Institute, Egypt
NCT06362668N/AMay 17, 2024Reprieve Cardiovascular, Inc
NCT06273397N/AMay 1, 2024Clinica Alemana de Santiago
NCT06475105Phase 4Apr 20, 2024Diponegoro University
NCT06166654Phase 4Apr 1, 2024University of Copenhagen
NCT06146101Phase 2/Phase 3 (Phase 3)Jan 31, 2024Incannex Healthcare Ltd
NCT05940220Phase 3Dec 30, 2023University of Tehran
NCT05953610Phase 2Dec 1, 2023National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), University of California, Los Angeles
Showing 20 of 152 trials
Page 1 / 8

Organizations

Research & Development (128)

OrganizationOrg typeTrialsAs lead sponsorPhasesEarliest year
University of ZurichAcademic/Hospital272632008
Government of KyrgyzstanGovernment22022017
University of California, San DiegoAcademic/Hospital6612020
Department of Veteran AffairsGovernment5542007
Harvard UniversityAcademic/Hospital5422011
Government of RussiaGovernment4012024
National Eye Institute (NEI)Government4121990
Stanford UniversityAcademic/Hospital4422016
Tel Aviv UniversityAcademic/Hospital4432006
University of CopenhagenAcademic/Hospital4422006
Cayetano Heredia UniversityAcademic/Hospital3132007
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)Government3012023
National Institutes of Health (NIH)Government3031997
University Clermont AuvergneAcademic/Hospital3012024
University of AntwerpAcademic/Hospital3322007
University of HeidelbergAcademic/Hospital3012024
University of MiamiAcademic/Hospital3332014
University of Sao PauloAcademic/Hospital3322008
University of TehranAcademic/Hospital3332007
Capital Medical UniversityAcademic/Hospital2222021
128 organizations
Page 1 / 7

Marketing (61)

OrganizationOrg typeRelationshipDate
AARKISH PHARMS NJFor profitMKTGMay 9, 2023
Accord ResearchFor profitMKTGOct 18, 2018
Ajanta Pharma LtdFor profitMKTGSep 11, 2023
AlembicFor profitMKTGFeb 19, 2019
AlembicFor profitSYNFeb 19, 2019
Alta PharmaFor profitMKTGJul 18, 1974
Appco PharmaFor profitMKTGFeb 22, 2021
Ascot PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTG—
Athenex, Inc.For profitMKTG—
Aurobindo PharmaFor profitMKTGMay 30, 2025
Avet LifesciencesFor profitMKTGDec 19, 2014
Bristol-Myers SquibbFor profitMKTGJun 20, 2017
Cadila HealthcareFor profitMKTGJan 16, 2019
Chartwell PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGMar 31, 1978
EmcureFor profitMKTGDec 19, 2014
Endo PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGJun 20, 2017
Epic Pharma LlcFor profitMKTGMay 14, 2024
Esteve LabsFor profitMKTGApr 30, 2020
Eywa PharmaFor profitMKTGOct 18, 2019
Gland Pharma LtdFor profitMKTGJun 17, 2025
HIBROW HLTHCAREFor profitMKTGOct 18, 2019
Heritage PharmaFor profitMKTGOct 27, 2016
Heritage PharmaFor profitSYNJul 14, 2011
HikmaFor profitMKTGFeb 28, 1995
HospiraFor profitMKTGOct 30, 1995
Indicus PharmaFor profitMKTGJul 14, 2011
Lannett Company, Inc.For profitMKTGMar 31, 1978
MPP PHARMAFor profitMKTGMar 29, 2016
Mankind PharmaFor profitMKTGOct 7, 2020
MannKind CorpFor profitMKTGOct 7, 2020
Micro Labs Ltd IndiaFor profitMKTGOct 1, 2020
Mutual PharmaceuticalFor profitMKTGJun 22, 1988
MylanFor profitMKTGMay 9, 2012
MylanFor profitSYNJun 18, 2019
Nephron Pharmaceuticals CorporationFor profitMKTGMay 9, 2023
Nostrum LaboratoriesFor profitMKTGMar 29, 2016
Novast LabsFor profitMKTGSep 30, 2016
Novitium PharmaFor profitMKTGOct 17, 2019
PH HEALTHFor profitMKTGJun 20, 2017
Par PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGJun 20, 2017
Rising PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGJun 18, 2019
Rubicon ResearchFor profitMKTGAug 19, 2021
Rubicon ResearchFor profitSYNAug 19, 2021
Somerset PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGFeb 22, 2021
Strides Pharma ScienceFor profitMKTGNov 20, 2017
Sun PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGJun 22, 1988
Taro PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGMay 28, 1997
TevaFor profitNDA2Jul 27, 1953
TevaFor profitSYNJun 25, 1954
TevaFor profitNDAJul 27, 1953
Torrent Pharmaceuticals LimitedFor profitMKTGJan 26, 2024
VanguardFor profitMKTGFeb 5, 1982
Watson PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGOct 22, 1985
West-Ward PharmaceuticalFor profitMKTGFeb 28, 1995
X Gen PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGDec 10, 2008
X Gen PharmaceuticalsFor profitSYNDec 10, 2008
XylopiaFor profitMKTGJan 16, 2019
Zydus Discovery DMCCFor profitMKTGDec 10, 2008
Zydus Discovery DMCCFor profitSYNApr 15, 2019
Zydus Discovery DMCCFor profitSYNApr 4, 2023
Zydus Discovery DMCCFor profitSYNApr 4, 2023