alitretinoin

Trade name: panretin

Small moleculeapprovedOrphan Drug ^FDA

Approved

Feb 2, 1999

Alitretinoin, or 9-cis-retinoic acid, is a form of vitamin A. It is also used in medicine as an antineoplastic (anti-cancer) agent developed by Ligand Pharmaceuticals. Alitretinoin (9-cis-retinoic acid) is a naturally-occurring endogenous retinoid indicated for topical treatment of cutaneous lesions in patients with AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma. Alitretinoin inhibits the growth of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) cells in vitro. Alitretinoin binds to and activates all known intracellular retinoid receptor subtypes (RARa, RARb, RARg, RXRa, RXRb and RXRg). Once activated these receptors function as transcription factors that regulate the expression of genes that control the process of cellular differentiation and proliferation in both normal and neoplastic cells. In the United States, topical alitretinoin (in the form of a gel; trade name Panretin) is indicated for the treatment of skin lesions in AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma. — NCATS

Clinical trial activity

16 trials · 14 clinical orgs · 3 marketing orgs

Phase 1

Phase 2

Phase 3

Phase 4

Earliest trial started May 1, 1996 (NCT00001504)

Timeline

1990s

Jan 1, 1996
Earliest Phase 1 Sponsor(trial)
Mar 24, 1998
Orphan Drug Designation
Jan 1, 1999
Earliest Phase 2 Sponsor(trial)
Feb 2, 1999
Ligand Pharmaceuticals — Earliest FDA Approval
Feb 2, 1999
Eisai — NDA Secondary Org
Feb 2, 1999
Ligand Pharmaceuticals — NDA Organization
Feb 2, 1999
Advanz Pharma — Marketing Organization
Feb 2, 1999
Advanz Pharma — NDA Secondary Org

2000s

Jan 1, 2004
Earliest Phase 3 Sponsor(trial)

Indications

Approved for

Studied for

Mechanism of action

Retinoid receptorAGONIST
Retinoid receptor agonist

Approval history

approvedPriority reviewFeb 2, 1999

Chemistry & pharmacology

Loading structure…

SMILES

CC(\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C)=C\C=C\C(C)=C\C(O)=O

Mol. weight: 300.4351 g/mol
Lipinski Ro5: 1 violation(s)
Rule of 3: No
Chirality: Achiral Molecule
Inorganic: No
Polymer: No
Delivery: Topical
Availability: Prescription Only

Oral

Parenteral

Topical

Yes

Sources

Also known as

(2e,4e,6z,8e)-3,7-dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2,4,6,8-nonatetraenoic acid
(2e,4e,6z,8e)-3,7-dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-2,4,6,8-nonatetraenoic acid
9-cis-retinoic acid
9-cis-retinoic acid
9-cis-retinoic acid
9-cis-retinoic acid
9-cis-retinoic acid
9-cis-tretinoin
9-cis-tretinoin
9cra compound
9(z)-retinoic acid
9(z)-retinoic acid
agn-192013
agn-192013
alitretinoin
alitretinoin
alitretinoin
alitretinoin
alitretinoin
alitretinoin
alitretinoin
alitretinoin
alitretinoin
alitretinoin
alitretinoin
alitretinoin
alitretinoína
alitretinoína
alitrétinoïne
alitrétinoïne
alitretinoinum
alitretinoinum
alrt1057
alrt1057
alrt-1057
alrt-1057
bal4079
lg100057
lg100057
lg-100057
lg-100057
lgd1057
lgd1057
lgd-1057
lgd-1057
panretin
panretin
panretin
panretin
panretin
panretyn
panrexin
toctino
toctino
toctino

Clinical trials

NCT ID	Phase	Start date	Sponsor(s)
NCT05259722	Phase 3	Jun 15, 2022	Leo Pharma
NCT03026946	Phase 3	May 29, 2017	University of Groningen, ZonMw: The Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development
NCT03026907	Phase 3	May 1, 2016	University of Groningen
NCT01538732	Phase 2	Mar 1, 2012	University of Zurich
NCT01407679	Phase 2	Aug 1, 2011	Basilea Pharmaceutica, University of Munster
NCT01245140	Phase 2	Apr 1, 2011	Basilea Pharmaceutica, GlaxoSmithKline, Stiefel Laboratories
NCT01261923	Phase 1/Phase 2 (Phase 2)	Dec 1, 2010	University of Copenhagen
NCT01231854	Phase 4	Nov 1, 2010	Technical University of Dresden
NCT00817063	Phase 3	Jan 1, 2009	Basilea Pharmaceutica, GlaxoSmithKline, Stiefel Laboratories
NCT00519675	Phase 3	May 1, 2007	Basilea Pharmaceutica
NCT00309621	Phase 3	Apr 1, 2006	Basilea Pharmaceutica, University of Heidelberg
NCT00124436	Phase 3	Mar 1, 2005	Basilea Pharmaceutica
NCT00124475	Phase 3	Dec 1, 2004	Basilea Pharmaceutica
NCT00002188	Phase 2	Nov 2, 1999	Anderson Clinical Research, Ligand Pharmaceuticals
NCT00002439	N/A	Nov 2, 1999	Anderson Clinical Research, Ligand Pharmaceuticals
NCT00001504	Phase 1	May 1, 1996	National Cancer Institute (NCI)

Showing 16 of 16 trials

Page 1 / 1

Organizations

Research & Development (14)

Organization	Org type	Trials	As lead sponsor	Phases	Earliest year
Basilea Pharmaceutica	For profit	7	4	2	2004
Anderson Clinical Research	For profit	2	2	2	1999
GlaxoSmithKline	For profit	2	0	2	2009
Ligand Pharmaceuticals	For profit	2	0	2	1999
Stiefel Laboratories	For profit	2	2	2	2009
University of Groningen	Academic/Hospital	2	2	1	2016
Leo Pharma	For profit	1	1	1	2022
National Cancer Institute (NCI)	Government	1	1	1	1996
Technical University of Dresden	Academic/Hospital	1	1	1	2010
University of Copenhagen	Academic/Hospital	1	1	1	2010
University of Heidelberg	Academic/Hospital	1	0	1	2006
University of Munster	Academic/Hospital	1	1	1	2011
University of Zurich	Academic/Hospital	1	1	1	2012
ZonMw: The Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development	Academic/Hospital	1	0	1	2017

14 organizations

Page 1 / 1

Marketing (5)

Organization	Org type	Relationship	Date
Advanz Pharma	For profit	MKTG	Feb 2, 1999
Advanz Pharma	For profit	NDA2	Feb 2, 1999
Advanz Pharma	For profit	SYN	Feb 2, 1999
Eisai	For profit	NDA2	Feb 2, 1999
Ligand Pharmaceuticals	For profit	NDA	Feb 2, 1999