propolis
Botanicalexperimental
Propolis or bee glue is a resinous mixture that honey bees produce by mixing saliva and beeswax with exudate gathered from tree buds, sap flows, or other botanical sources. It is used as a sealant for unwanted open spaces in the beehive. Propolis is used for small gaps, while gaps larger than the bee space are usually filled with burr comb. Its color varies depending on its botanical source, with dark brown as the most common. Propolis is sticky above 19 °C (66 °F), while at lower temperatures, it becomes hard and brittle. — Wikipedia
Clinical trial activity
58 trials · 45 clinical orgs · 0 marketing orgs
Phase 1
8
Phase 2
15
Phase 3
10
Phase 4
4
Earliest trial started Jan 1, 2006 (NCT00231218)
Timeline
Indications
Approved for
Studied for
- Acne Vulgaris · Phase 3
- Angina, Stable · Phase 3
- Antiviral Agents · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Candidiasis, Oral · Phase 3
- Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Common Cold · Phase 3
- Dental Caries · Phase 2
- Dental Plaque · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Dental Pulp · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Dental Pulp Diseases · Phase 2
- Dental Pulp Necrosis · Phase 4
- Dentin Sensitivity · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Diabetes Mellitus · Phase 4
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 · Phase 4
- Diabetic Foot · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions · Phase 2
- Endometriosis · Early Phase 1
- Furcation Defects · Early Phase 1
- Gastroenteritis · Phase 3
- Gingivitis · Phase 3
- Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Helicobacter pylori · Phase 4
- Infections · Phase 4
- Inflammation · Phase 3
- Mouth Diseases · Phase 1
- Mucositis · Phase 2
- Oral Ulcer · Early Phase 1
- Periapical Abscess · Phase 4
- Periodontal Diseases · Phase 2
- Periodontitis · Phase 4
- Postoperative Pain · Phase 3
- Pulpitis · Phase 3
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic · Phase 2
- Stomatitis · Early Phase 1
- Stomatitis, Denture · Phase 3
Mechanism of action
- Unspecified targetUnclear
unclear
Chemistry & pharmacology
Oral
No
Parenteral
No
Topical
No
Sources
- WikipediaPropolis ↗
Also known as
- propolis
- propolis
Clinical trials
| NCT ID | Phase | Start date | Sponsor(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT07099482 | N/A | Sep 30, 2025 | Sinai University |
| NCT07073092 | Phase 2 | Jul 15, 2025 | Ain Shams University |
| NCT06888453 | Phase 1 | Mar 23, 2025 | Al-Mustansiriyah University |
| NCT06903546 | Phase 4 | Mar 18, 2025 | University of Indonesia |
| NCT07197073 | N/A | Feb 25, 2025 | Alexandria University |
| NCT07246850 | N/A | Dec 30, 2024 | Beekeeper's Naturals Inc, Citruslabs |
| NCT06778655 | N/A | Oct 10, 2024 | Fayoum University |
| NCT06216262 | N/A | Mar 1, 2024 | Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University |
| NCT06158451 | N/A | Jan 1, 2024 | Cairo University |
| NCT06148740 | N/A | Nov 9, 2023 | Citruslabs, Manuka Health New Zealand |
| NCT06060340 | Early Phase 1 (Phase 1) | Oct 15, 2023 | Cairo University |
| NCT05974748 | Phase 3 | Apr 1, 2023 | Dow University of Health Sciences |
| NCT05625841 | N/A | Nov 25, 2022 | Taipei Medical University |
| NCT05770297 | N/A | Jul 12, 2022 | University of Indonesia |
| NCT05400031 | N/A | Jun 1, 2022 | Izmir Katip Celebi University, Tepecik Education and Research Hospital |
| NCT05230797 | Early Phase 1 (Phase 1) | Apr 30, 2022 | Cairo University |
| NCT05183737 | N/A | Mar 7, 2022 | Fluminense Federal University |
| NCT05259007 | Phase 4 | Feb 22, 2022 | Apipark Beekeeping, Istanbul Medipol University |
| NCT05870059 | Phase 2 | Feb 2, 2022 | Ziauddin University |
| NCT05146713 | Phase 2/Phase 3 (Phase 3) | Jan 31, 2022 | Cairo University |
Showing 20 of 58 trials
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Organizations
Research & Development (45)
| Organization | Org type | Trials | As lead sponsor | Phases | Earliest year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cairo University | Academic/Hospital | 10 | 10 | 4 | 2015 |
| Dow University of Health Sciences | Academic/Hospital | 5 | 5 | 3 | 2017 |
| Taipei Medical University | Academic/Hospital | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2020 |
| University of Indonesia | Academic/Hospital | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2019 |
| University of Sao Paulo | Academic/Hospital | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2016 |
| Ain Shams University | Academic/Hospital | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2015 |
| Al Azhar University | Academic/Hospital | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2019 |
| Alexandria University | Academic/Hospital | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2017 |
| Citruslabs | For profit | 2 | 0 | 1 | 2023 |
| Duke University | Academic/Hospital | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2018 |
| Fluminense Federal University | Academic/Hospital | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2020 |
| Aix-University of Marseille | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2020 |
| Al-Mustansiriyah University | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2025 |
| Apipark Beekeeping | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2022 |
| Beekeeper's Naturals Inc | For profit | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2024 |
| Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2024 |
| Centro Universitário | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2016 |
| Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) | Government | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2017 |
| Eskisehir Osmangazi University | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2019 |
| Fayoum University | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2024 |
45 organizations
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