prochlorperazine
Trade name: compazine
Approved
Oct 23, 1956
Prochlorperazine is a piperazine phenothiazine antipsychotic which block postsynaptic mesolimbic dopaminergic receptors in the brain and has antiemetic effects by its antagonist actions in the D2 dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone. It also exhibits alpha-adrenergic blocking effect on α1 receptros and may depress the release of hypothalamic and hypophyseal hormones. Prochlorperazine is used for the control of severe nausea and vomiting, for the treatment of schizophrenia. Prochlorperazine is effective for the short-term treatment of generalized non-psychotic anxiety. Prochlorperazine may be an effective treatment of acute headaches and refractory chronic daily headache. — NCATS
Clinical trial activity
32 trials · 34 clinical orgs · 46 marketing orgs
Earliest trial started Jul 1, 2001 (NCT00020657)
Timeline
1950s
- Oct 23, 1956
GlaxoSmithKline — Earliest FDA Approval
- Oct 23, 1956
GlaxoSmithKline — NDA Secondary Org
- Oct 23, 1956
GlaxoSmithKline — NDA Organization
1970s
- Jul 5, 1979
American Home Products — Marketing Organization
1980s
- Jun 8, 1982
Alpharma — Marketing Organization
- Oct 1, 1982
Baxalta — Marketing Organization
- Oct 1, 1982
Baxter — Marketing Organization
- Jul 8, 1987
Watson Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
- Apr 7, 1988
Hospira — Marketing Organization
- May 3, 1988
West-Ward Pharmaceutical — Marketing Organization
- May 3, 1988
Hikma — Marketing Organization
- Dec 5, 1988
Marsam Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
1990s
- Nov 24, 1993
G & W Laboratories Inc. — Marketing Organization
- Nov 24, 1993
ACP Nimble — Marketing Organization
- Nov 24, 1993
Cosette — Marketing Organization
- Jul 19, 1996
Chartwell Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
- Jul 19, 1996
Sandoz — Marketing Organization
- Oct 28, 1996
Mylan — Marketing Organization
- Oct 28, 1996
PHARMOBEDIENT — Marketing Organization
- May 1, 1997
Duramed Research — Marketing Organization
- Jan 20, 1998
Teva — Marketing Organization
- Feb 27, 1998
Jubilant Innovation Ltd. — Marketing Organization
2000s
- Jun 28, 2000
Paddock Laboratories — Marketing Organization
- Jun 28, 2000
Padagis Us — Marketing Organization
- Jan 1, 2001
Earliest Phase 3 Sponsor(trial)
- Jul 11, 2001
Able Laboratories — Marketing Organization
- Jan 1, 2004
Earliest Phase 1 Sponsor(trial)
- May 28, 2004
Athenex, Inc. — Marketing Organization
- May 28, 2004
Sagent Pharmaceuticals, Inc. — Marketing Organization
- Jan 1, 2005
Earliest Phase 2 Sponsor(trial)
2010s
- Oct 15, 2013
Avet Lifesciences — Marketing Organization
- Oct 15, 2013
Emcure — Marketing Organization
- Feb 15, 2019
Nexus Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
2020s
- Apr 22, 2021
Caplin Point Laboratories — Marketing Organization
- Sep 22, 2021
Gland Pharma Ltd — Marketing Organization
- Sep 22, 2021
Fosun — Marketing Organization
- Sep 28, 2021
Viwit Pharm — Marketing Organization
- Jun 13, 2022
Novitium Pharma — Marketing Organization
- Jun 13, 2022
Ani Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
- Jul 14, 2022
Eugia Pharma — Marketing Organization
- Aug 8, 2022
Zydus Discovery DMCC — Marketing Organization
- Nov 28, 2022
Amneal Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
- Mar 17, 2023
Glenmark Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
- Apr 4, 2023
Bionpharma Inc — Marketing Organization
- May 9, 2024
Ajanta Pharma Ltd — Marketing Organization
- Sep 13, 2024
Somerset Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization
- Sep 30, 2024
Leading Pharma Llc — Marketing Organization
- May 19, 2025
Dr. Reddy's Laboratories — Marketing Organization
- Sep 8, 2025
Aurobindo Pharma — Marketing Organization
Indications
Approved for
Studied for
- Acute Lung Injury · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Altitude Sickness · Phase 4
- Breast Neoplasms · Phase 3
- Cardiotoxicity · Phase 1
- COVID-19 · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Emergency Service, Hospital · Phase 2
- Epilepsy · Phase 2
- Facial Neuralgia · Phase 3
- Genital Neoplasms, Female · Phase 3
- Headache · Phase 4
- Headache Disorders, Primary · Phase 2
- Healthy Volunteers · Phase 1
- Laparoscopy · Phase 4
- Mental Status and Dementia Tests · Phase 4
- Migraine Disorders · Phase 4
- Migraine with Aura · Phase 2
- Multiple Myeloma · Early Phase 1
- Nausea · Phase 4
- Neoplasms · Phase 3
- Pain Management · Phase 2
- Pneumonia · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Respiratory Distress Syndrome · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Rhytidoplasty · Phase 2
- Vertigo · Phase 3
Mechanism of action
- Dopamine D2 receptorANTAGONIST
DRD2 antagonist
Approval history
- approvedPriority reviewOct 23, 1956
Chemistry & pharmacology
SMILES
CN1CCN(CCCN2c3ccccc3Sc3ccc(Cl)cc32)CC1.O=C(O)/C=C\C(=O)O.O=C(O)/C=C\C(=O)O- Mol. weight
- 606.1 g/mol
- Lipinski Ro5
- Pass
- Rule of 3
- No
- Chirality
- Achiral Molecule
- Inorganic
- No
- Polymer
- No
- Delivery
- Oral
- Availability
- Prescription Only
Oral
Yes
Parenteral
No
Topical
No
Sources
- ChEMBLCHEMBL1314751 ↗
- WikipediaProchlorperazine ↗
- NCATSYHP6YLT61T ↗
- ChEMBLCHEMBL728 ↗
- ChEMBLCHEMBL1201154 ↗
- ChEMBLCHEMBL1200587 ↗
Also known as
- 2-chloro-10-(3-(1-methyl-4-piperazinyl)propyl)-phenothiazine
- 2-chloro-10-(3-(1-methyl-4-piperazinyl)propyl)-phenothiazine
- 2-chloro-10-(3-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)propyl)phenothiazine
- 2-chloro-10-(3-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)propyl)phenothiazine
- 3-chloro-10-(3-(1-methyl-4-piperazinyl)propyl)phenothiazine
- 3-chloro-10-(3-(1-methyl-4-piperazinyl)propyl)phenothiazine
- 3-chloro-10-(3-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)propyl)phenothiazine
- 3-chloro-10-(3-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)propyl)phenothiazine
- ant-1401
- buccastem
- buccastem
- buccastem m
- capazine
- capazine
- capazine
- chlormeprazine
- chlormeprazine
- chlormeprazine
- chloro-3 (n-methylpiperazinyl-3 propyl)-10 phenothiazine
- chloro-3 (n-methylpiperazinyl-3 propyl)-10 phenothiazine
- chloropernazine
- chloropernazine
- chlorperazine
- compazine
- compazine
- compazine
- compazine
- compro
- compro
- emetiral
- emetiral
- meterazin
- meterazine
- n-(gamma-(4'-methylpiperazinyl-1')propyl)-3-chlorophenothiazine
- n-(gamma-(4'-methylpiperazinyl-1')propyl)-3-chlorophenothiazine
- proazine
- prochlorpemazine
- prochlorperazin
- prochlorperazin
- prochlorperazin
- prochlorperazine
- prochlorperazine
- prochlorperazine
- prochlorperazine
- prochlorperazine
- prochlorperazine
- prochlorperazine
- prochlorperazine
- prochlorperazine
- prochlorpérazine
- prochlorpérazine
- prochlorperazine dimaleate
- prochlorperazine edisylate
- prochlorperazine edisylate
- prochlorperazine edisylate
- prochlorperazine edisylate
- prochlorperazine ethanedisulfonate
- prochlorperazine ethanedisulfonate
- prochlorperazine maleate
- prochlorperazine maleate
- prochlorperazine maleate
- prochlorperazine maleate
- prochlorperazine mesilate
- prochlorperazine mesilate
- prochlorperazine mesylate
- prochlorperazine mesylate
- prochlorperazine mesylate
- prochlorperazine mesylate
- prochlorperazine mesylate
- prochlorperazine mesylate
- prochlorperazinum
- prochlorperazinum
- prochlorpermazine
- prochlorpermazine
- prochlorperzine
- prochlorpromazine
- prochlorpromazine
- prochlorpromazine
- procloperazine
- procloperazine
- proclorperazina
- proclorperazina
- procomp
- proziere
- stemetil eff
- vertigon
- vertigon
Clinical trials
| NCT ID | Phase | Start date | Sponsor(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT06450899 | Phase 2 | Aug 5, 2024 | University of Colorado, Denver |
| NCT06083571 | Phase 2 | Jan 1, 2024 | Washington University in St. Louis |
| NCT06182098 | N/A | Jun 27, 2023 | Dayton Children's Hospital |
| NCT05586763 | Phase 3 | Feb 1, 2022 | Oman Medical Board Specialty (OMSB) |
| NCT05013437 | Early Phase 1 (Phase 1) | Oct 31, 2021 | Case Western Reserve University |
| NCT06310642 | Phase 4 | May 20, 2021 | CHRISTUS Health |
| NCT04503668 | Phase 3 | Dec 31, 2020 | University of Michigan |
| NCT04255420 | Phase 4 | Feb 5, 2020 | Kendall Healthcare Group, Ltd., Nova Southeastern University |
| NCT04331613 | Phase 1/Phase 2 (Phase 2) | Jan 27, 2020 | Capital Medical University, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences |
| NCT04109885 | Phase 2 | Nov 1, 2019 | Yeshiva University |
| NCT05967442 | Phase 3 | Aug 23, 2019 | Advocate Healthcare |
| NCT03984045 | Phase 3 | Jun 6, 2019 | Newark Beth Israel Medical Center |
| NCT03367572 | Phase 3 | Mar 9, 2018 | National Cancer Institute (NCI), University of Rochester |
| NCT03435003 | Phase 4 | Aug 28, 2017 | Stony Brook University |
| NCT02735343 | Phase 3 | Aug 1, 2016 | United States Air Force |
| NCT02779959 | Phase 3 | Apr 1, 2016 | Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute |
| NCT02657031 | Phase 4 | Mar 17, 2016 | University Medical Center of Southern Nevada, University of Nevada |
| NCT02389829 | Phase 4 | Mar 1, 2015 | Yeshiva University |
| NCT01951742 | Phase 2 | Sep 1, 2013 | Anterios |
| NCT01843868 | N/A | May 1, 2013 | Australasian Leukaemia and Lymphoma Group, Merck, University of Melbourne |
Organizations
Research & Development (34)
| Organization | Org type | Trials | As lead sponsor | Phases | Earliest year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alexza Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | For profit | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2004 |
| Yeshiva University | Academic/Hospital | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2006 |
| National Cancer Institute (NCI) | Government | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2001 |
| University of Rochester | Academic/Hospital | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2001 |
| Anterios | For profit | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2013 |
| New York University | Academic/Hospital | 2 | 0 | 1 | 2001 |
| Advocate Healthcare | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2019 |
| Australasian Leukaemia and Lymphoma Group | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2013 |
| Capital Medical University | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2020 |
| Case Western Reserve University | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2021 |
| Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2020 |
| CHRISTUS Health | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2021 |
| Covance | For profit | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2007 |
| Dayton Children's Hospital | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2023 |
| Emory University | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2005 |
| Grady Memorial Hospital, Atlanta | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2005 |
| Kendall Healthcare Group, Ltd. | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2020 |
| Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2016 |
| Merck | For profit | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2013 |
| Newark Beth Israel Medical Center | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2019 |
Marketing (54)
| Organization | Org type | Relationship | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ACP Nimble | For profit | MKTG | Nov 24, 1993 |
| Able Laboratories | For profit | MKTG | Jul 11, 2001 |
| Ajanta Pharma Ltd | For profit | MKTG | May 9, 2024 |
| Alpharma | For profit | MKTG | Jun 8, 1982 |
| American Home Products | For profit | MKTG | Jul 5, 1979 |
| Amneal Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Nov 28, 2022 |
| Ani Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Jun 13, 2022 |
| Athenex, Inc. | For profit | MKTG | May 28, 2004 |
| Aurobindo Pharma | For profit | MKTG | Sep 8, 2025 |
| Avet Lifesciences | For profit | MKTG | Oct 15, 2013 |
| Baxalta | For profit | MKTG | Oct 1, 1982 |
| Baxter | For profit | MKTG | Oct 1, 1982 |
| Bionpharma Inc | For profit | MKTG | Apr 4, 2023 |
| Caplin Point Laboratories | For profit | MKTG | Apr 22, 2021 |
| Chartwell Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Jul 19, 1996 |
| Cosette | For profit | MKTG | Nov 24, 1993 |
| Dr. Reddy's Laboratories | For profit | MKTG | May 19, 2025 |
| Duramed Research | For profit | MKTG | May 1, 1997 |
| Emcure | For profit | MKTG | Oct 15, 2013 |
| Eugia Pharma | For profit | MKTG | Jul 14, 2022 |
| Fosun | For profit | MKTG | Sep 22, 2021 |
| G & W Laboratories Inc. | For profit | MKTG | Nov 24, 1993 |
| Gland Pharma Ltd | For profit | MKTG | Sep 22, 2021 |
| Gland Pharma Ltd | For profit | SYN | Sep 22, 2021 |
| GlaxoSmithKline | For profit | NDA2 | Oct 23, 1956 |
| GlaxoSmithKline | For profit | NDA | Oct 23, 1956 |
| Glenmark Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Mar 17, 2023 |
| Hikma | For profit | SYN | May 3, 1988 |
| Hikma | For profit | MKTG | May 3, 1988 |
| Hospira | For profit | MKTG | Apr 7, 1988 |
| Jubilant Innovation Ltd. | For profit | MKTG | Feb 27, 1998 |
| Leading Pharma Llc | For profit | MKTG | Sep 30, 2024 |
| Marsam Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Dec 5, 1988 |
| Morton Grove Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | — |
| Mylan | For profit | MKTG | Oct 28, 1996 |
| Mylan | For profit | SYN | Oct 25, 2018 |
| Nexus Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Feb 15, 2019 |
| Nexus Pharmaceuticals | For profit | SYN | Feb 15, 2019 |
| Novitium Pharma | For profit | MKTG | Jun 13, 2022 |
| PHARMOBEDIENT | For profit | MKTG | Oct 28, 1996 |
| Padagis Us | For profit | MKTG | Jun 28, 2000 |
| Paddock Laboratories | For profit | MKTG | Jun 28, 2000 |
| Sagent Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | For profit | MKTG | May 28, 2004 |
| Sandoz | For profit | MKTG | Jul 19, 1996 |
| Smith & Nephew | For profit | MKTG | — |
| Somerset Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Sep 13, 2024 |
| Teva | For profit | MKTG | Jan 20, 1998 |
| Teva | For profit | SYN | May 30, 2003 |
| Teva | For profit | SYN | Jul 11, 1996 |
| Viwit Pharm | For profit | MKTG | Sep 28, 2021 |
| Watson Pharmaceuticals | For profit | MKTG | Jul 8, 1987 |
| West-Ward Pharmaceutical | For profit | MKTG | May 3, 1988 |
| Zydus Discovery DMCC | For profit | MKTG | Aug 8, 2022 |
| Zydus Discovery DMCC | For profit | SYN | Aug 8, 2022 |