iodine
Approved
Jun 1, 1955
Iodine is a chemical element; it has symbol I and atomic number 53. The heaviest of the stable halogens, it exists at standard conditions as a semi-lustrous, non-metallic solid that melts to form a deep violet liquid at 114 °C (237 °F), and boils to a violet gas at 184 °C (363 °F). The element was discovered by the French chemist Bernard Courtois in 1811 and was named two years later by Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac, after the Ancient Greek Ιώδης, meaning 'violet'. — Wikipedia
Clinical trial activity
231 trials · 265 clinical orgs · 5 marketing orgs
Earliest trial started Jan 1, 2000 (NCT01717729)
Timeline
1950s
- Jun 1, 1955
Earliest FDA Approval
1980s
- Nov 29, 1985
Becton Dickinson — NDA Secondary Org
- Dec 17, 1986
Alcon — First NDA Organization
- Dec 17, 1986
Nestle — NDA Secondary Org
- Dec 17, 1986
Alcon — NDA Organization
- Mar 31, 1989
Allegiance Health — NDA Secondary Org
- Jul 25, 1989
Clinipad — NDA Secondary Org
2010s
- Jan 1, 2014
Earliest Phase 1 Sponsor(trial)
Indications
Approved for
Studied for
- Acanthamoeba Keratitis · Phase 2
- Acne Vulgaris · Phase 2
- Amputation, Surgical · Phase 4
- Appendicitis · Phase 2
- Arm Injuries · Phase 3
- Arrhythmias, Cardiac · Phase 4
- Arthroplasty · Phase 4
- Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee · Phase 4
- Asymptomatic Infections · Phase 4
- Bacteremia · Phase 4
- Bacterial Infections · Phase 4
- Bacteriuria · Phase 4
- Biopsy, Fine-Needle · Phase 4
- Blepharitis · Phase 2
- Breast Neoplasms · Phase 4
- Candidiasis · Phase 4
- Cariostatic Agents · Phase 3
- Catheter-Related Infections · Phase 4
- Catheters · Phase 4
- Cesarean Section · Phase 4
- Chemical Actions and Uses · Early Phase 1
- Colonic Diseases · Phase 4
- Conjunctivitis · Phase 3
- Conjunctivitis, Bacterial · Phase 3
- Conjunctivitis, Viral · Phase 4
- Corneal Ulcer · Phase 2
- Coronary Artery Disease · Phase 4
- Coronary Stenosis · Phase 4
- Coronavirus · Phase 4
- Coronavirus Infections · Phase 2
- COVID-19 · Phase 4
- Cross Infection · Phase 4
- Dental Caries · Phase 3
- Dental Plaque · Phase 3
- Dermatitis, Seborrheic · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Dermatology · Phase 4
- Diabetes Complications · Phase 4
- Diabetes Mellitus · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Diabetic Angiopathies · Early Phase 1
- Diabetic Retinopathy · Phase 4
- Disinfection · Early Phase 1
- Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions · Phase 2
- Empyema, Pleural · Phase 2
- Endophthalmitis · Phase 4
- Endoscopy · Phase 4
- Esophageal Neoplasms · Phase 4
- Eye, Artificial · Phase 3
- Eye Infections · Phase 4
- Eye Infections, Bacterial · Phase 4
- Facial Injuries · Phase 3
- Fetal Nutrition Disorders · Phase 4
- Fibrocystic Breast Disease · Phase 3
- Fractures, Bone · Phase 4
- General Surgery · Phase 4
- Gingival Diseases · Phase 2
- Gingivitis · Phase 2
- Graves Disease · Phase 4
- Hand Hygiene · Phase 4
- Healthy Volunteers · Phase 4
- Heart Failure · Phase 4
- Hemodialysis, Home · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Hemorrhage · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Hepatitis C, Chronic · Phase 3
- Hyaluronic Acid · Early Phase 1
- Hysterectomy · Phase 4
- Infections · Phase 4
- Inflammation · Phase 3
- Irritants · Phase 2
- Keratitis · Phase 3
- Knee · Phase 4
- Leg Injuries · Phase 3
- Liver Neoplasms · Phase 3
- Macular Degeneration · Phase 4
- Macular Edema · Phase 4
- Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus · Phase 4
- Microbiota · Phase 2
- Molluscum Contagiosum · Phase 2
- Mouthwashes · Phase 4
- Nails, Ingrown · Early Phase 1
- Neurodevelopmental Disorders · Phase 4
- Oral Health · Phase 4
- Otitis Media · Phase 3
- Otomycosis · Phase 1
- Pain · Phase 4
- Pediatrics · Phase 2
- Perineum · Phase 4
- Pituitary Neoplasms · Phase 2
- Pleural Effusion · Phase 4
- Pleural Effusion, Malignant · Phase 4
- Pleurodesis · Phase 4
- Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated · Phase 3
- Pneumothorax · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Polymerase Chain Reaction · Phase 4
- Postoperative Complications · Phase 3
- Postpartum Period · Phase 4
- Povidone-Iodine · Phase 4
- Pregnancy Complications · Phase 4
- Preoperative Care · Phase 4
- Prostatic Diseases · Phase 4
- Prostatic Neoplasms · Phase 2
- Prosthesis-Related Infections · Phase 3
- Recurrence · Phase 3
- Retinal Diseases · Phase 3
- Rhinoplasty · Early Phase 1
- Saliva · Phase 4
- SARS-CoV-2 · Phase 4
- Shoulder Injuries · Phase 4
- Sinusitis · Early Phase 1
- Skin Diseases, Infectious · Phase 4
- Soft Tissue Infections · Phase 4
- Spinal Fusion · Phase 4
- Staphylococcal Infections · Phase 4
- Stomatitis · Phase 2
- Strabismus · Phase 4
- Surgical Wound · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Surgical Wound Infection · Phase 4
- Thymoma · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Urinary Tract Infections · Phase 4
- Vagina · Phase 4
- Vaginal Diseases · Phase 3
- Varicose Veins · Phase 3
- Venous Cutdown · Phase 4
- Venous Insufficiency · Phase 2/Phase 3
- Viral Load · Phase 4
- Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative · Early Phase 1
- Warts · Phase 2
- Wound Healing · Phase 3
- Wound Infection · Phase 4
- Wounds and Injuries · Phase 3
Mechanism of action
- BacteriaOXIDATIVE ENZYME
Bacteria oxidative enzyme
Approval history
- approvedJun 1, 1955
Chemistry & pharmacology
SMILES
II- Mol. weight
- 253.81 g/mol
- Lipinski Ro5
- Pass
- Rule of 3
- Yes
- Chirality
- Achiral Molecule
- Inorganic
- No
- Polymer
- No
- Availability
- Over the Counter
Oral
No
Parenteral
No
Topical
No
Sources
- NCATSFZ989GH94E ↗
- WikipediaIodine ↗
- ChEMBLCHEMBL1201724 ↗
- ChEMBLCHEMBL1201225 ↗
- WikipediaPovidone-iodine ↗
- WikipediaPolyvinylpyrrolidone ↗
- WikipediaK40 ↗
- ChEMBLCHEMBL2108848 ↗
- NCATS9679TC07X4 ↗
- ChEMBLCHEMBL2108139 ↗
Also known as
- betadine
- betadine
- betadine
- betadine
- betadine vc kit
- betasept
- codella
- crospovidone
- diiodine
- diiodine
- e-z prep
- e-z prep 220
- e-z scrub
- e-z scrub 201
- e-z scrub 241
- i2
- i2
- iocide
- iodine
- iodine
- iodine
- iodine
- iodine
- iodine
- iodine
- iodine
- iodine-povidone complex
- iodovidone
- iodum
- iodum
- jod
- jod
- k30
- k30
- k40
- k40
- k90
- k90
- kollidon 25, 30, 12pf, 17pf, 90f
- molecular iodine
- molecular iodine
- plasdone
- plasdone
- polyvidon
- polyvidone
- polyvidone
- polyvidone
- polyvinylpyrrolidone
- polyvinylpyrrolidone
- polyvinylpyrrolidone
- polyvinylpyrrolidone (k25)
- polyvinylpyrrolidone [k25, k30, k90]
- povidone
- povidone
- povidone
- povidone
- povidone
- povidone
- povidone
- povidone iodine
- povidone iodine
- povidone iodine
- povidone iodine
- povidone-iodine
- povidone-iodine
- povidone-iodine
- povidone-iodine
- povidone-iodine
- povidone-iodine
- povidone-iodine
- povidone-iodine
- povidone-iodine
- povidone-iodine
- proviodine
- vbp-245
- vinisil
- vinisil
Clinical trials
| NCT ID | Phase | Start date | Sponsor(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT07044726 | Phase 4 | Jun 23, 2025 | University of Louisville |
| NCT06899672 | N/A | Apr 1, 2025 | Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine |
| NCT06836271 | Phase 2 | Mar 1, 2025 | Hitit University |
| NCT06811857 | N/A | Jan 31, 2025 | Shantou University |
| NCT06667089 | N/A | Jan 7, 2025 | University of Jaén |
| NCT06744907 | Phase 4 | Dec 15, 2024 | Northeast Ohio Medical University |
| NCT06463678 | Phase 2 | Dec 1, 2024 | IVIEW Therapeutics Inc. |
| NCT06601803 | Phase 4 | Sep 16, 2024 | Thomas Jefferson University |
| NCT06616207 | Phase 2 | Sep 13, 2024 | University of Washington |
| NCT06207786 | N/A | Sep 1, 2024 | Mayo Clinic |
| NCT05745467 | Phase 4 | Jul 3, 2024 | 3M, University of Iowa |
| NCT06232421 | Phase 2/Phase 3 (Phase 3) | Jun 30, 2024 | Belarusian State Medical University |
| NCT06363877 | Phase 3 | Jun 3, 2024 | Loma Linda University |
| NCT06282510 | Phase 4 | Jan 29, 2024 | RML Specialty Hospital, Rush University |
| NCT06176976 | N/A | Dec 15, 2023 | Aristotle University of Thessaloniki |
| NCT06126614 | Phase 3 | Nov 30, 2023 | Hamilton Health Sciences Corporation, McMaster University |
| NCT06063941 | N/A | Oct 10, 2023 | Ankang City Central Hospital, Government of China, People's Liberation Army of China, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital |
| NCT05919888 | Phase 4 | Jun 26, 2023 | Next Science, St. Louis University |
| NCT05895773 | Phase 2/Phase 3 (Phase 3) | Jun 24, 2023 | Menoufia University |
| NCT06339294 | Phase 1 | Jun 16, 2023 | Rawalpindi Medical College, Pakistan |
Organizations
Research & Development (265)
| Organization | Org type | Trials | As lead sponsor | Phases | Earliest year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3M | For profit | 6 | 2 | 3 | 2010 |
| Assiut University | Academic/Hospital | 6 | 6 | 5 | 2012 |
| University of Iowa | Academic/Hospital | 6 | 6 | 2 | 2013 |
| Harvard University | Academic/Hospital | 5 | 3 | 3 | 2015 |
| Thomas Jefferson University | Academic/Hospital | 5 | 4 | 3 | 2010 |
| Ain Shams University | Academic/Hospital | 4 | 4 | 3 | 2014 |
| McMaster University | Academic/Hospital | 4 | 2 | 3 | 2012 |
| University of British Columbia | Academic/Hospital | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2009 |
| University of Poitiers | Academic/Hospital | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2004 |
| Washington University in St. Louis | Academic/Hospital | 4 | 2 | 2 | 2011 |
| Cairo University | Academic/Hospital | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2016 |
| IVIEW Therapeutics Inc. | For profit | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2019 |
| Mashhad University of Medical Sciences | Academic/Hospital | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2013 |
| Microdermis Corporation | For profit | 3 | 0 | 2 | 2013 |
| Mundipharma | For profit | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2014 |
| National University of Singapore | Academic/Hospital | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2014 |
| New York University | Academic/Hospital | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2011 |
| Seoul National University | Academic/Hospital | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2009 |
| The University of Texas, Dallas | Academic/Hospital | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2010 |
| University of California, Los Angeles | Academic/Hospital | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2002 |
Marketing (5)
| Organization | Org type | Relationship | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alcon | For profit | NDA | Dec 17, 1986 |
| Allegiance Health | Academic/Hospital | NDA2 | Mar 31, 1989 |
| Becton Dickinson | For profit | NDA2 | Nov 29, 1985 |
| Clinipad | For profit | NDA2 | Jul 25, 1989 |
| Nestle | For profit | NDA2 | Dec 17, 1986 |