CDEK
← All drugs Report issue

methoxyflurane

Trade name: penthrane

Small moleculeapproved

Approved

May 4, 1962

Methoxyflurane is an inhalation anesthetic. Methoxyflurane was used for surgical, obstetric, or dental anesthesia, but was withdrawn from US market due to safety concerns, but is still in use in Australia and other countries. Methoxyflurane induces muscle relaxation and reduces pains sensitivity by altering tissue excitability by decreasing the extent of gap junction mediated cell-cell coupling and altering the activity of the channels that underlie the action potential. — NCATS

Clinical trial activity

30 trials · 38 clinical orgs · 1 marketing orgs

Phase 1
1
Phase 2
12
Phase 3
10
Phase 4
14

Earliest trial started Sep 1, 2007 (NCT00524927)

Timeline

1960s

  1. May 4, 1962

    Earliest FDA Approval

  2. May 4, 1962

    Abbott — Marketing Organization

  3. Jun 1, 1962

    Abbott — First NDA Organization

  4. Jun 1, 1962

    Abbott — NDA Organization

2010s

  1. Jan 1, 2011

    Earliest Phase 3 Sponsor(trial)

2020s

  1. Jan 1, 2024

    Earliest Phase 1 Sponsor(trial)

  2. Jan 1, 2024

    Earliest Phase 2 Sponsor(trial)

Indications

Approved for

Studied for

Mechanism of action

Approval history

  • approvedPriority reviewMay 4, 1962

Chemistry & pharmacology

Loading structure…

SMILES

COC(F)(F)C(Cl)Cl
Mol. weight
164.966 g/mol
Lipinski Ro5
Pass
Rule of 3
Yes
Chirality
Achiral Molecule
Inorganic
No
Polymer
No
Delivery
Topical

Oral

No

Parenteral

No

Topical

Yes

Sources

Also known as

  • methoflurane
  • methoflurane
  • methoflurane
  • methoxane
  • methoxiflurane
  • methoxiflurane
  • methoxyfluoran
  • methoxyfluoran
  • methoxyfluran
  • methoxyfluran
  • methoxyfluran
  • methoxyflurane
  • methoxyflurane
  • methoxyflurane
  • methoxyflurane
  • methoxyflurane
  • methoxyflurane
  • methoxyflurane
  • methoxyflurane
  • methoxyflurane
  • methoxyflurane
  • methoxyflurane
  • methoxyfluranum
  • methoxyfluranum
  • methyl 1,1-difluoro-2,2-dichloroethyl ether
  • methyl 1,1-difluoro-2,2-dichloroethyl ether
  • metofane
  • metofane
  • metofane
  • metoxfluran
  • metoxifluran
  • metoxiflurano
  • metoxiflurano
  • penthrane
  • penthrane
  • penthrane
  • penthrane
  • penthrox
  • pentrane
  • pentrane

Clinical trials

NCT IDPhaseStart dateSponsor(s)
NCT07295054Phase 4Feb 28, 2026University of Toronto
NCT07017452Phase 3Aug 31, 2025University of Manitoba
NCT07046572N/AJul 24, 2025University of Toronto
NCT06899724N/AJun 1, 2025Dr. John A. Thiel Medical Professional Corporation, University of Saskatchewan
NCT06750302Phase 1/Phase 2 (Phase 2)Nov 24, 2024University of British Columbia
NCT06495372Phase 3Aug 31, 2024University of Western Brittany
NCT06392087Phase 4Aug 1, 2024University of Ottawa
NCT07192198Phase 2Apr 17, 2024University of Manitoba
NCT05821517Phase 4May 1, 2023University of Nice Sophia Antipolis
NCT05766397Phase 4Apr 30, 2023Mayday Fund, University of Ottawa
NCT05137184Phase 3Nov 12, 2021Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Sykehuset Innlandet HF, University of Oslo
NCT04618497Phase 3Oct 28, 2020Government of Hong Kong
NCT04476173Phase 3Jun 1, 2020Nicolaus Copernicus University
NCT04442919Phase 4Jun 1, 2020Nicolaus Copernicus University
NCT04412642Phase 4May 31, 2020University of Toronto
NCT04287803Phase 4Apr 30, 2020University of Ottawa
NCT04292808N/AMar 31, 2020Verso Surgery Centre
NCT04029012Phase 4Sep 30, 2019Can-Am HIFU Inc.
NCT03849027Phase 4May 31, 2019University of Cape Town
NCT03927729N/AMay 31, 2019University Hospital, Tours
Showing 20 of 30 trials
Page 1 / 2

Organizations

Research & Development (38)

OrganizationOrg typeTrialsAs lead sponsorPhasesEarliest year
Medical Developments International LimitedFor profit3322007
MundipharmaFor profit3322017
University of OttawaAcademic/Hospital3312020
University of TorontoAcademic/Hospital3322020
Nicolaus Copernicus UniversityAcademic/Hospital2222020
University of ManitobaAcademic/Hospital2222024
University of OsloAcademic/Hospital2222019
Australian and New Zealand Urogenital and Prostate Cancer Trials GroupAcademic/Hospital1012015
Australian Department of Industry, Tourism and ResourcesGovernment1012007
Autonomous University of MadridAcademic/Hospital1012017
Bioikos Ambiente SrlFor profit1012018
Can-Am HIFU Inc.For profit1112019
Dr. John A. Thiel Medical Professional CorporationAcademic/Hospital1112025
ExystatFor profit1012018
Government of Hong KongGovernment1112020
IQVIAFor profit1012017
Mayday FundAcademic/Hospital1012023
Norwegian Air Ambulance FoundationAcademic/Hospital1012021
ORION Clinical ServicesFor profit1012011
Peter MacCallum Cancer CentreAcademic/Hospital1012007
38 organizations
Page 1 / 2

Marketing (2)

OrganizationOrg typeRelationshipDate
AbbottFor profitNDAJun 1, 1962
AbbottFor profitMKTGMay 4, 1962