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pentobarbital

Trade name: nembutal

Small moleculeapproved

Approved

Aug 31, 1973

Pentobarbital (US) or pentobarbitone is a short-acting barbiturate typically used as a sedative, a preanesthetic, and to control convulsions in emergencies. It can also be used for short-term treatment of insomnia but has been largely replaced by the benzodiazepine family of drugs. — Wikipedia

Clinical trial activity

6 trials · 10 clinical orgs · 28 marketing orgs

Phase 1
3
Phase 2
3
Phase 3
2
Phase 4
0

Earliest trial started May 1, 2002 (NCT00622570)

Timeline

1930s

  1. Jun 1, 1930

    Evidence of US Marketing

1970s

  1. Aug 31, 1973

    Earliest FDA Approval

  2. Aug 31, 1973

    Teva — Marketing Organization

  3. Sep 19, 1973

    Rising Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

  4. Nov 8, 1973

    Elkins Sinn — Marketing Organization

  5. Dec 19, 1973

    American Home Products — Marketing Organization

  6. Feb 5, 1974

    Whiteworth Towne Paulsen — Marketing Organization

  7. Feb 13, 1974

    Bausch Health Companies — Marketing Organization

  8. Apr 30, 1974

    Vitarine — Marketing Organization

  9. Jun 27, 1974

    Parke-Davis — Marketing Organization

  10. Jun 27, 1974

    Warner Lambert — Marketing Organization

  11. Sep 23, 1974

    Nexgen Pharma, Inc — Marketing Organization

  12. Jan 8, 1975

    Saptalis Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

  13. Jan 8, 1975

    Akorn, Inc. — Marketing Organization

  14. Jan 8, 1975

    Sciegen Pharmaceticals — Marketing Organization

  15. Jan 14, 1975

    Epic Pharma Llc — Marketing Organization

  16. Jan 31, 1977

    Anabolic Pharma — Marketing Organization

  17. Dec 12, 1977

    Watson Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

  18. Jun 9, 1978

    Lannett Company, Inc. — Marketing Organization

2000s

  1. Jan 1, 2002

    Earliest Phase 3 Sponsor(trial)

  2. Jan 1, 2003

    Earliest Phase 1 Sponsor(trial)

2010s

  1. May 23, 2016

    Sagent Pharmaceuticals, Inc. — Marketing Organization

  2. Nov 13, 2017

    Custopharm Inc — Marketing Organization

  3. Nov 13, 2017

    Hikma — Marketing Organization

  4. Nov 27, 2017

    Renaissance Pharma — Marketing Organization

  5. Nov 27, 2017

    Athenex, Inc. — Marketing Organization

  6. Nov 27, 2017

    BPI — Marketing Organization

Indications

Approved for

Studied for

Mechanism of action

Approval history

  • approvedAug 31, 1973
  • approvedJun 1, 1930

Chemistry & pharmacology

Loading structure…

SMILES

CCCC(C)C1(CC)C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=O
Mol. weight
226.28 g/mol
Lipinski Ro5
Pass
Rule of 3
No
Chirality
Racemic Mixture
Inorganic
No
Polymer
No
Delivery
Oral, Parenteral, Topical
Availability
Prescription Only

Oral

Yes

Parenteral

Yes

Topical

Yes

Sources

Also known as

  • 5-ethyl-5-(1-methylbutyl)-2,4,6(1h,3h,5h)-pyrimidinetrione
  • 5-ethyl-5-(1-methylbutyl)-2,4,6(1h,3h,5h)-pyrimidinetrione
  • 5-ethyl-5-(1-methylbutyl)barbituric acid
  • 5-ethyl-5-(1-methylbutyl)barbituric acid
  • 5-ethyl-5-(1-methyl-butyl)-pyrimidine-2,4,6-trione
  • 5-ethyl-5-(1-methyl-butyl)-pyrimidine-2,4,6-trione
  • 5-ethyl-5-(sec-pentyl)barbituric acid
  • 5-ethyl-5-(sec-pentyl)barbituric acid
  • beuthanasia
  • ethaminal
  • euthanase
  • euthatal
  • euthatal
  • mebubarbital
  • mebubarbital
  • mebubarbital
  • mebumal
  • mebumal
  • nembutal
  • nembutal
  • nembutal
  • nembutal
  • nembutal sodium
  • nembutal sodium
  • neodorm
  • pentabarbitone
  • pentobarbital
  • pentobarbital
  • pentobarbital
  • pentobarbital
  • pentobarbital
  • pentobarbital
  • pentobarbital
  • pentobarbital
  • pentobarbital
  • pentobarbital
  • pentobarbital calcium
  • pentobarbital calcium
  • pentobarbital calcium
  • pentobarbital calcium
  • pentobarbital calcium
  • pentobarbital calcium
  • pentobarbital sodium
  • pentobarbital sodium
  • pentobarbital sodium
  • pentobarbital sodium
  • pentobarbitone
  • pentobarbitone
  • pentobarbitone
  • pentobarbitone sodium
  • pentobarbitone sodium
  • pentobarbituric acid
  • phetobarbitone
  • sagatal
  • sagatal
  • sodium pentobarbital
  • sodium pentobarbital
  • sodium pentobarbital

Clinical trials

NCT IDPhaseStart dateSponsor(s)
NCT02250820Phase 1Nov 1, 2014University of Cincinnati
NCT00878345N/AApr 7, 2009Washington University in St. Louis
NCT00265616Phase 3May 1, 2006Harvard University, University of Lausanne
NCT00123578Phase 1/Phase 2 (Phase 2)Aug 1, 2004National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), University of California, Los Angeles
NCT00058955Phase 1Aug 1, 2003Johns Hopkins University, Orphan Medical
NCT00622570Phase 3May 1, 2002Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria, Hospital Universitari Son Dureta
Showing 6 of 6 trials
Page 1 / 1

Organizations

Research & Development (10)

OrganizationOrg typeTrialsAs lead sponsorPhasesEarliest year
Fondo de Investigacion SanitariaAcademic/Hospital1012002
Harvard UniversityAcademic/Hospital1112006
Hospital Universitari Son DuretaAcademic/Hospital1112002
Johns Hopkins UniversityAcademic/Hospital1012003
National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)Government1012004
Orphan MedicalFor profit1112003
University of California, Los AngelesAcademic/Hospital1112004
University of CincinnatiAcademic/Hospital1112014
University of LausanneAcademic/Hospital1012006
Washington University in St. LouisAcademic/Hospital1112009
10 organizations
Page 1 / 1

Marketing (30)

OrganizationOrg typeRelationshipDate
AbbottFor profitNDA—
Akorn, Inc.For profitMKTGJan 8, 1975
Akorn, Inc.For profitSYNSep 19, 1973
American Home ProductsFor profitMKTGDec 19, 1973
Anabolic PharmaAcademic/HospitalMKTGJan 31, 1977
Athenex, Inc.For profitMKTGNov 27, 2017
BPIFor profitMKTGNov 27, 2017
Bausch Health CompaniesFor profitMKTGFeb 13, 1974
Custopharm IncFor profitMKTGNov 13, 2017
Elkins SinnFor profitMKTGNov 8, 1973
Epic Pharma LlcFor profitMKTGJan 14, 1975
Everylife Foundation for Rare DiseasesAcademic/HospitalMKTG—
HalseyFor profitMKTG—
HikmaFor profitMKTGNov 13, 2017
Lannett Company, Inc.For profitMKTGJun 9, 1978
Nexgen Pharma, IncFor profitMKTGSep 23, 1974
Parke-DavisFor profitMKTGJun 27, 1974
PerrigoFor profitMKTG—
Puracap PharmaceuticalFor profitMKTG—
Renaissance PharmaFor profitMKTGNov 27, 2017
Rising PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGSep 19, 1973
Sagent Pharmaceuticals, Inc.For profitSYNMay 23, 2016
Sagent Pharmaceuticals, Inc.For profitMKTGMay 23, 2016
Saptalis PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGJan 8, 1975
Sciegen PharmaceticalsFor profitMKTGJan 8, 1975
TevaFor profitMKTGAug 31, 1973
VitarineFor profitMKTGApr 30, 1974
Warner LambertFor profitMKTGJun 27, 1974
Watson PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGDec 12, 1977
Whiteworth Towne PaulsenFor profitMKTGFeb 5, 1974