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liothyronine

Trade name: cytomel

Small moleculeapproved

Approved

May 8, 1956

Rathyronine is racemic mixture of Liothyronine (L-Triiodothyronine) and D-Triiodothyronine. Liothyronine (traid name CYTOMEL®) is a T3 thyroid hormone normally synthesized and secreted by the thyroid gland in much smaller quantities than its prohormone thyroxine. D-Triiodothyronine may be used to treatment hyperlipidemia, hypothyroidism, euthyroid goiters, ets. Unfortunately there are limited research related Rathyronine or D-Triiodothyronine activity. — NCATS

Clinical trial activity

51 trials · 55 clinical orgs · 16 marketing orgs

Phase 1
13
Phase 2
21
Phase 3
10
Phase 4
7

Earliest trial started Dec 1, 1994 (NCT00004828)

Timeline

1950s

  1. May 8, 1956

    King Pharmaceuticals — Earliest FDA Approval

  2. May 8, 1956

    King Pharmaceuticals — NDA Secondary Org

  3. May 8, 1956

    King Pharmaceuticals — NDA Organization

1960s

  1. Nov 21, 1969

    Allergan — NDA Secondary Org

1980s

  1. Jan 25, 1982

    Watson Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

1990s

  1. Dec 31, 1991

    Par Pharmaceuticals — NDA Secondary Org

  2. Dec 31, 1991

    PH HEALTH — Marketing Organization

  3. Jan 1, 1994

    Earliest Phase 1 Sponsor(trial)

2000s

  1. Jan 1, 2000

    Earliest Phase 3 Sponsor(trial)

  2. Jan 1, 2005

    Earliest Phase 2 Sponsor(trial)

  3. Aug 17, 2005

    X Gen Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

  4. Mar 20, 2009

    Mayne Pharma — Marketing Organization

  5. Mar 20, 2009

    Dr. Reddy's Laboratories — Marketing Organization

  6. Jul 14, 2009

    Mylan — Marketing Organization

  7. Jul 14, 2009

    PHARMOBEDIENT — Marketing Organization

2010s

  1. Nov 29, 2012

    Sigmapharm Laboratories — Marketing Organization

  2. Apr 20, 2016

    Sun Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

  3. Oct 26, 2018

    Teva — Marketing Organization

2020s

  1. Jan 22, 2021

    Zydus Discovery DMCC — Marketing Organization

  2. Feb 6, 2024

    Biocon Limited — Marketing Organization

Indications

Approved for

Studied for

Mechanism of action

Combination products

Approval history

  • approvedPriority reviewMay 8, 1956

Chemistry & pharmacology

Loading structure…

SMILES

N[C@@H](CC1=CC(I)=C(OC2=CC(I)=C(O)C=C2)C(I)=C1)C(O)=O
Mol. weight
650.9735 g/mol
Lipinski Ro5
1 violation(s)
Rule of 3
No
Chirality
Single Stereoisomer
Inorganic
No
Polymer
No
Delivery
Oral, Parenteral
Availability
Prescription Only

Oral

Yes

Parenteral

Yes

Topical

No

Black box warning

Sources

Also known as

  • 3,3',5-triiodo-l-thyronine
  • 3,3',5-triiodo-l-thyronine
  • 3,5,3'-triiodo-l-thyronine
  • 3,5,3'-triiodo-l-thyronine
  • 3,5,3'triiodothyronine
  • 3,5,3'triiodothyronine
  • 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine
  • 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine
  • 4-(4-hydroxy-3-iodophenoxy)-3,5-diiodo-l-phenylalanine
  • 4-(4-hydroxy-3-iodophenoxy)-3,5-diiodo-l-phenylalanine
  • cynomel
  • cynomel
  • cytomel
  • cytomel
  • cytomel
  • cytomel
  • euthroid-0.5
  • euthroid-0.5
  • euthroid-1
  • euthroid-1
  • euthroid-2
  • euthroid-2
  • euthroid-3
  • euthroid-3
  • l-3,5,3'-triiodothyronine
  • l-3,5,3'-triiodothyronine
  • liothyronin
  • liothyronine
  • liothyronine
  • liothyronine
  • liothyronine
  • liothyronine
  • liothyronine
  • liothyronine
  • liothyronine
  • liothyronine
  • liothyronine
  • liothyronine sodium
  • liothyronine sodium
  • liothyronine sodium
  • liothyronine sodium
  • liothyronine sodium
  • liothyroninum
  • liothyroninum
  • liotironina
  • liotironina
  • l-t3
  • l-t3
  • o-(4-hydroxy-3-iodophenyl)-3,5-diiodo-l-tyrosine
  • o-(4-hydroxy-3-iodophenyl)-3,5-diiodo-l-tyrosine
  • rathyronine
  • rathyronine
  • sodium liothyronine
  • sodium liothyronine
  • t3
  • t3
  • t3
  • t3 (liotrix)
  • t3 (liotrix)
  • tertroxin
  • tertroxin
  • tertroxin
  • thybon
  • thyrolar-0.25
  • thyrolar-0.25
  • thyrolar-0.5
  • thyrolar-0.5
  • thyrolar-1
  • thyrolar-1
  • thyrolar-2
  • thyrolar-2
  • thyrolar-3
  • thyrolar-3
  • thyrolar-5
  • tiodothyronine
  • tresitope
  • tresitope
  • triiodothyronine
  • triiodothyronine
  • triiodothyronine
  • triiodothyronine
  • triiodothyronine
  • triiodothyronine
  • tri-iodothyronine
  • triiodothyronine,evans
  • triiodothyronine sodium, levo
  • triiodothyronine sodium, levo
  • triiodothyronine (t3 or liothyronine, active) (6-11%)
  • triiodothyronine (t3 or liothyronine, active) (6-11%)
  • triostat
  • triostat

Clinical trials

NCT IDPhaseStart dateSponsor(s)
NCT06731764Phase 2/Phase 3 (Phase 3)Dec 10, 2024University of Connecticut
NCT05682482Phase 3Oct 7, 2022ACE Pharmaceuticals BV, Erasmus University Rotterdam, ZonMw: The Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development
NCT05017610Early Phase 1 (Phase 1)Dec 31, 2021Emory University
NCT05247476Phase 4Oct 18, 2021Xiamen University
NCT04743661Phase 2Oct 1, 2021Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Pediatric Brain Tumor Consortium, Y-Mabs, Inc
NCT04782856Phase 2Oct 28, 2020Virginia Commonwealth University
NCT04112316Phase 1/Phase 2 (Phase 2)Nov 30, 2019National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), University of Pennsylvania
NCT04111536Phase 1/Phase 2 (Phase 2)Nov 30, 2019National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), University of Pennsylvania
NCT04115514Phase 1/Phase 2 (Phase 2)Oct 10, 2019University of Minnesota
NCT03627611Phase 2Aug 14, 2018University of Oslo
NCT03098433Phase 1/Phase 2 (Phase 2)Feb 1, 2018Virginia Commonwealth University
NCT03053115Phase 2/Phase 3 (Phase 3)Mar 14, 2017University of Modena and Reggio Emilia
NCT02760056Phase 1Jul 1, 2016Oregon Health and Science University
NCT02654041Phase 2Mar 1, 2016Musli Thyropeutics Ltd., Tel Aviv University
NCT02506751Phase 1Jul 1, 2015Johns Hopkins University
NCT02317926N/AMay 1, 2015United States Army
NCT02457897Phase 2Apr 15, 2015National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
NCT02399475N/AJan 1, 2015National Institute on Aging (NIA), University of Pennsylvania
NCT02320669Phase 3Nov 1, 2014University of Washington
NCT02269540Early Phase 1 (Phase 1)Oct 1, 2014University of Toronto
Showing 20 of 51 trials
Page 1 / 3

Organizations

Research & Development (55)

OrganizationOrg typeTrialsAs lead sponsorPhasesEarliest year
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)Government4332000
National Cancer Institute (NCI)Government3121999
University of IndonesiaAcademic/Hospital3322010
University of PennsylvaniaAcademic/Hospital3322015
University of WashingtonAcademic/Hospital3212001
Brain & Behavior Research FoundationAcademic/Hospital2022001
Columbia UniversityAcademic/Hospital2222001
Dalim BioTech Co., Ltd.For profit2012013
Emory UniversityAcademic/Hospital2221996
Hebrew UniversityAcademic/Hospital2222002
Ipe, LLCFor profit2222012
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)Government2012019
National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)Government2111996
National Institutes of Health (NIH)Government2012005
Northwell HealthAcademic/Hospital2222006
Osypka GermanyFor profit2012013
Stanford UniversityAcademic/Hospital2212009
University of CopenhagenAcademic/Hospital2122003
Virginia Commonwealth UniversityAcademic/Hospital2212018
ACE Pharmaceuticals BVFor profit1012022
55 organizations
Page 1 / 3

Marketing (20)

OrganizationOrg typeRelationshipDate
AllerganFor profitNDA2Nov 21, 1969
Biocon LimitedFor profitMKTGFeb 6, 2024
Dr. Reddy's LaboratoriesFor profitMKTGMar 20, 2009
King PharmaceuticalsFor profitNDA2May 8, 1956
King PharmaceuticalsFor profitNDAMay 8, 1956
Mayne PharmaFor profitMKTGMar 20, 2009
MylanFor profitMKTGJul 14, 2009
PH HEALTHFor profitMKTGDec 31, 1991
PHARMOBEDIENTFor profitMKTGJul 14, 2009
Par PharmaceuticalsFor profitNDA2Dec 31, 1991
Parke-DavisFor profitNDA2—
Sigmapharm LaboratoriesFor profitMKTGNov 29, 2012
Sun PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGApr 20, 2016
Sun PharmaceuticalsFor profitSYNApr 20, 2016
TevaFor profitMKTGOct 26, 2018
Watson PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGJan 25, 1982
X Gen PharmaceuticalsFor profitSYNAug 17, 2005
X Gen PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGAug 17, 2005
Zydus Discovery DMCCFor profitMKTGJan 22, 2021
Zydus Discovery DMCCFor profitSYNJan 22, 2021