CDEK
← All drugs Report issue

adenosine

Trade name: Adenocard

Small moleculeapproved

Approved

Oct 30, 1989

Adenosine (symbol A) is an organic compound that occurs widely in nature in the form of diverse derivatives. The molecule consists of an adenine attached to a ribose via a β-N9-glycosidic bond. Adenosine is one of the four nucleoside building blocks of RNA (and its derivative deoxyadenosine is a building block of DNA), which are essential for all life on Earth. Its derivatives include the energy carriers adenosine mono-, di-, and triphosphate, also known as AMP/ADP/ATP. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is pervasive in signal transduction. Adenosine is used as an intravenous medication for some cardiac arrhythmias. — Wikipedia

Clinical trial activity

68 trials · 76 clinical orgs · 24 marketing orgs

Phase 1
10
Phase 2
32
Phase 3
20
Phase 4
9

Earliest trial started Oct 1, 2003 (NCT00179010)

Timeline

1980s

  1. Oct 30, 1989

    Earliest FDA Approval

  2. Oct 30, 1989

    Astellas — NDA Secondary Org

2000s

  1. Jan 1, 2003

    Earliest Phase 3 Sponsor(trial)

  2. Jan 1, 2004

    Earliest Phase 2 Sponsor(trial)

  3. Jun 16, 2004

    Teva — Marketing Organization

  4. Jun 16, 2004

    West-Ward Pharmaceutical — Marketing Organization

  5. Jun 16, 2004

    Hikma — Marketing Organization

  6. Apr 27, 2005

    Fresenius — Marketing Organization

  7. Jan 1, 2006

    Earliest Phase 1 Sponsor(trial)

  8. Jun 14, 2007

    Gland Pharma Ltd — Marketing Organization

  9. Jun 26, 2008

    Bedford Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

  10. Oct 31, 2008

    Akorn, Inc. — Marketing Organization

  11. Oct 31, 2008

    Rising Pharmaceuticals — Marketing Organization

  12. Apr 28, 2009

    Sankyo — Marketing Organization

  13. Apr 28, 2009

    Lutipold — Marketing Organization

  14. Apr 28, 2009

    Wockhardt — Marketing Organization

  15. Apr 28, 2009

    Daiichi Sankyo — Marketing Organization

2010s

  1. Aug 29, 2013

    Eu Yan Sang — Marketing Organization

  2. Aug 29, 2013

    Meitheal — Marketing Organization

  3. Mar 21, 2014

    PHARMOBEDIENT — Marketing Organization

  4. Mar 24, 2014

    Hospira — Marketing Organization

  5. Mar 28, 2014

    Mylan — Marketing Organization

  6. Sep 15, 2014

    Emcure — Marketing Organization

  7. Sep 15, 2014

    Avet Lifesciences — Marketing Organization

  8. Nov 2, 2017

    Aurobindo Pharma — Marketing Organization

  9. Nov 2, 2017

    Eugia Pharma — Marketing Organization

  10. Feb 16, 2018

    Fosun — Marketing Organization

Indications

Approved for

Studied for

Mechanism of action

  • AdenosineSupplementation

    Adenosine supplementation

Approval history

  • approvedPriority reviewOct 30, 1989

Chemistry & pharmacology

Loading structure…

SMILES

Nc1ncnc2c1ncn2[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP(=O)(O)OP(=O)(O)O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O
Mol. weight
427.2 g/mol
Lipinski Ro5
2 violation(s)
Rule of 3
No
Chirality
Single Stereoisomer
Inorganic
No
Polymer
No
Availability
Prescription Only

Oral

No

Parenteral

No

Topical

No

Sources

Also known as

  • adenine riboside
  • adenocard
  • adenocard
  • adenosine
  • adenosine
  • adenosine
  • adenosine
  • adenosine
  • adenosine
  • adenosine
  • adenosine
  • adenosine
  • adenosine
  • beta-adenosine
  • riboadenosine

Clinical trials

NCT IDPhaseStart dateSponsor(s)
NCT07243119Phase 4Nov 24, 2025Gødstrup Hospital
NCT06993038Phase 4Aug 1, 2025University of Iowa
NCT06717685Phase 3Oct 28, 2024Rashid Latif Medical College, University of the Punjab
NCT06578234Phase 4Oct 23, 2024Region Skane
NCT05014061Phase 3Jan 1, 2022Vastra Gotaland Region
NCT04699110Phase 4Jan 1, 2021Government of Pakistan
NCT04666454Phase 2Dec 31, 2020University of Gothenburg, Vastra Gotaland Region
NCT04588441Phase 2Dec 31, 2020University of Florida
NCT04577443N/ANov 1, 2020University of Copenhagen
NCT04203368N/AMar 31, 2020Ain Shams University
NCT03738943Early Phase 1 (Phase 1)Feb 7, 2019Colorado State University
NCT03557385Phase 4Jul 31, 2018Acist Medical Systems, Duke University
NCT03537586N/AJun 29, 2018New York University
NCT03354273Phase 3Jun 8, 2018General Electric
NCT04392362Phase 3Apr 1, 2018University of Pretoria
NCT03236311Phase 2Oct 12, 2017Sanofi
NCT03249272Phase 4Sep 5, 2017Duke University
NCT04600115Early Phase 1 (Phase 1)Mar 3, 2017National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), University of Utah
NCT03235700N/AMar 1, 2017Sejong General Hospital
NCT03218137Phase 4Feb 13, 2017Cornell University
Showing 20 of 68 trials
Page 1 / 4

Organizations

Research & Development (76)

OrganizationOrg typeTrialsAs lead sponsorPhasesEarliest year
AstellasFor profit6032003
Duke UniversityAcademic/Hospital3222005
University of UtahAcademic/Hospital3322009
Vanderbilt UniversityAcademic/Hospital3322003
Forest LaboratoriesFor profit2212009
Gilead SciencesFor profit2212003
PfizerFor profit2212004
PPDFor profit2012009
Radboud UniversityAcademic/Hospital2212005
University of CopenhagenAcademic/Hospital2212009
University of FloridaAcademic/Hospital2122010
University of MichiganAcademic/Hospital2222008
Vastra Gotaland RegionGovernment2222020
Acist Medical SystemsFor profit1012018
Adenobio N.VFor profit1112011
Ain Shams UniversityAcademic/Hospital1112020
Amphia Hospital Breda, the NetherlandsAcademic/Hospital1112016
BayerFor profit1012010
Catharina Ziekenhuis EindhovenAcademic/Hospital1112013
Catholic University of KoreaAcademic/Hospital1112012
76 organizations
Page 1 / 4

Marketing (28)

OrganizationOrg typeRelationshipDate
Akorn, Inc.For profitMKTGOct 31, 2008
AstellasFor profitNDA2Oct 30, 1989
Aurobindo PharmaFor profitMKTGNov 2, 2017
Avet LifesciencesFor profitMKTGSep 15, 2014
Bedford PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGJun 26, 2008
Daiichi SankyoFor profitMKTGApr 28, 2009
EmcureFor profitMKTGSep 15, 2014
Eu Yan SangFor profitMKTGAug 29, 2013
Eugia PharmaFor profitMKTGNov 2, 2017
FosunFor profitMKTGFeb 16, 2018
FreseniusFor profitMKTGApr 27, 2005
FujisawaFor profitNDA—
Gland Pharma LtdFor profitMKTGJun 14, 2007
Gland Pharma LtdFor profitSYNFeb 16, 2018
HikmaFor profitSYNJun 16, 2004
HikmaFor profitMKTGJun 16, 2004
HospiraFor profitSYNMar 24, 2014
HospiraFor profitMKTGMar 24, 2014
LutipoldFor profitMKTGApr 28, 2009
MeithealFor profitMKTGAug 29, 2013
MylanFor profitMKTGMar 28, 2014
MylanFor profitSYNMay 13, 2009
PHARMOBEDIENTFor profitMKTGMar 21, 2014
Rising PharmaceuticalsFor profitMKTGOct 31, 2008
SankyoFor profitMKTGApr 28, 2009
TevaFor profitMKTGJun 16, 2004
West-Ward PharmaceuticalFor profitMKTGJun 16, 2004
WockhardtFor profitMKTGApr 28, 2009