zopiclone
Trade name: Zimovane
Small moleculeexperimental
Zopiclone, sold under the brand name Imovane among others, is a nonbenzodiazepine, specifically a cyclopyrrolone, used to treat insomnia. While molecularly distinct from benzodiazepine drugs, Zopiclone's mechanism of action is similar, whereby it increases the normal transmission of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the central nervous system, via positive allosteric modulation at GABAA neurons. — Wikipedia
Clinical trial activity
28 trials · 36 clinical orgs · 0 marketing orgs
Phase 1
13
Phase 2
8
Phase 3
6
Phase 4
4
Earliest trial started Jan 1, 2004 (NCT00295386)
Timeline
Indications
Approved for
Studied for
- Acne Vulgaris · Phase 3
- Alcohol Drinking · Phase 1
- Anxiety · Phase 4
- Anxiety Disorders · Phase 3
- Dementia · Phase 3
- Depression · Phase 3
- Healthy Volunteers · Phase 3
- Hot Flashes · Phase 1
- Major Depressive Disorder · Phase 1
- Mental Disorders · Phase 1
- Parkinson Disease · Early Phase 1
- Prostatic Neoplasms · Phase 2
- Psychophysiologic Disorders · Phase 3
- Schizophrenia · Phase 3
- Sleep · Phase 4
- Sleep Apnea, Central · Phase 4
- Sleep Apnea, Obstructive · Phase 3
- Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders · Phase 4
- Sleep Wake Disorders · Phase 4
- Vasomotor System · Phase 1
- Ventricular Dysfunction · Phase 4
Mechanism of action
- GABA A receptor alpha-1/beta-1/gamma-2ALLOSTERIC ANTAGONIST
GABA A receptor alpha-1/beta-1/gamma-2 allosteric antagonist
- GABA-A receptor; agonist GABA sitePOSITIVE ALLOSTERIC MODULATOR
GABA-A receptor; agonist GABA site positive allosteric modulator
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1 (GABRA1) ↗
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2 (GABRB2) ↗
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3 (GABRB3) ↗
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4 (GABRA4) ↗
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3 (GABRA3) ↗
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1 (GABRB1) ↗
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2 (GABRA2) ↗
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5 (GABRA5) ↗
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6 (GABRA6) ↗
- GABA receptor alpha-1 subunit
- GABA receptor beta-2 subunit
- GABA receptor alpha-4 subunit
- GABA receptor alpha-5 subunit
- GABA receptor alpha-6 subunit
- GABA receptor beta-3 subunit
- GABA receptor alpha-3 subunit
- GABA receptor alpha-2 subunit
- GABA-A receptor; GABA-A site (alpha1/beta2 interface)
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1/ beta-1
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2/beta-2
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3/ beta-2
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3/beta-3
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5/beta-2
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6/beta-3
- GABA-A receptor alpha-1/beta-3
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1/beta-2
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5/beta-3
- GABA receptor beta-1 subunit
- Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2/beta-3
Chemistry & pharmacology
Loading structure…
SMILES
CN1CCN(C(=O)OC2c3nccnc3C(=O)N2c2ccc(Cl)cn2)CC1- Mol. weight
- 388.82 g/mol
- Lipinski Ro5
- Pass
- Rule of 3
- No
- Chirality
- Racemic Mixture
- Inorganic
- No
- Polymer
- No
Oral
No
Parenteral
No
Topical
No
Sources
- WikipediaZopiclone ↗
- ChEMBLCHEMBL5314610 ↗
- ChEMBLCHEMBL135400 ↗
Also known as
- 1-piperazinecarboxylic acid, 4-methyl-, 6-(5-chloro-2-pyridinyl)-6,7-dihydro-7-oxo-5h-pyrrolo(3,4-b)pyrazin-5-yl ester
- 6-(5-chloro-2-pyridinyl)-7-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5h-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazin-5-yl 4-methyl-1-piperazinecarboxylate
- 6-(5-chloro-2-pyridinyl)-7-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5h-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazin-5-yl 4-methyl-1-piperazinecarboxylate
- 6-(5-chloro-2-pyridyl)-6,7-dihydro- 7-oxo-5h-pyrrolo(3,4-b)pyrazin-5-yl 4-methyl-1- piperazinecarboxylate
- imovane
- imovane
- limovan
- nu-zopiclone
- optidorm
- ratio-zopiclone
- rhovane
- rp 27 267
- rp-27267
- rp-27267
- siaten
- somnosan
- ximovan
- zileze
- zileze 3.75
- zileze 7.5
- zimoclone
- zimovane
- zimovane
- zimovane
- zimovane
- zimovane ls
- zop
- zopicalm
- zopicalma
- zopiclodura
- zopiclona
- zopiclona
- zopiclon abz
- zopiclon al
- zopiclon azu
- zopiclon beta
- zopiclone
- zopiclone
- zopiclone
- zopiclone
- zopiclone
- zopiclone
- zopiclone
- zopiclone
- zopiclone
- (+-)-zopiclone
- (+-)-zopiclone
- (+)-zopiclone
- (+)-zopiclone
- (±)-zopiclone
- (±)-zopiclone
- zopiclon-neuraxpharm
- zopiclon-ratiopharm
- zopiclon stada
- zopiclon tad
- zopiclon-teva
- zopiclonum
- zopiclonum
- zopiclon von ct
- zopi-puren
- zopitan
- zorclone
Clinical trials
| NCT ID | Phase | Start date | Sponsor(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT06849544 | Phase 2 | Apr 2, 2025 | Indiana University, On Target Laboratories, LLC |
| NCT06219902 | Phase 1 | Jan 8, 2024 | Bayer |
| NCT05819710 | Phase 1 | May 15, 2023 | Taisho Pharmaceutical |
| NCT04696952 | Phase 1 | Jan 16, 2021 | Taisho Pharmaceutical |
| NCT04451187 | Phase 1 | Jul 16, 2020 | Janssen Pharmaceutica NV |
| NCT03892902 | Phase 1 | Mar 25, 2019 | Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd. |
| NCT03632408 | Phase 1 | Sep 30, 2018 | University of Turku |
| NCT03351439 | N/A | Apr 6, 2018 | University of Western Ontario |
| NCT02732912 | Phase 3 | Nov 25, 2016 | University of Oxford |
| NCT02807922 | Phase 4 | Nov 15, 2016 | Norwegian University of Science and Technology |
| NCT02820441 | Phase 4 | May 1, 2016 | University of Grenoble |
| NCT02583451 | Phase 1 | Nov 1, 2015 | Eisai, Purdue Pharmaceuticals |
| NCT03339583 | Phase 2 | Apr 7, 2015 | I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University |
| NCT02374567 | Phase 3 | Jan 1, 2015 | Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover |
| NCT02570581 | Phase 1 | Jun 30, 2014 | University of Nice Sophia Antipolis |
| NCT01257165 | N/A | Aug 1, 2012 | Government of Norway, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, SINTEF Health Research |
| NCT01549691 | Phase 4 | Mar 1, 2012 | University of Angers, University of Antwerp |
| NCT01369576 | Phase 3 | May 1, 2011 | McGill University, OSR Medical Inc., University of Montreal |
| NCT01311882 | Phase 1 | Apr 1, 2011 | Merck |
| NCT01100164 | Phase 3 | Mar 1, 2011 | Eurofarma Laboratorios S.A. |
Showing 20 of 28 trials
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Organizations
Research & Development (36)
| Organization | Org type | Trials | As lead sponsor | Phases | Earliest year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| McGill University | Academic/Hospital | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2011 |
| Merck | For profit | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2007 |
| Norwegian University of Science and Technology | Academic/Hospital | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2012 |
| Taisho Pharmaceutical | For profit | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2021 |
| Takeda | For profit | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2005 |
| University of Bergen | Academic/Hospital | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2004 |
| Bayer | For profit | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2024 |
| Eisai | For profit | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2015 |
| Eurofarma Laboratorios S.A. | For profit | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2011 |
| GlaxoSmithKline | For profit | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2008 |
| Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2015 |
| Government of Norway | Government | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2012 |
| Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd. | For profit | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2019 |
| I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2015 |
| Indiana University | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2025 |
| Janssen Pharmaceutica NV | For profit | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2020 |
| Landsforeningen for hjerte og lungesyke (LHL) | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2009 |
| LHL Helse | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2009 |
| Maastricht University | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2010 |
| On Target Laboratories, LLC | For profit | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2025 |
36 organizations
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