indigo

Botanicalexperimental

Indigo carmine, or 5,5′-indigodisulfonic acid sodium salt, is an organic salt derived from indigo by aromatic sulfonation, which renders the compound soluble in water. Like indigo, it produces a blue color, and is used in food and other consumables, cosmetics, and as a medical contrast agent and staining agent; it also acts as a pH indicator. It is approved for human consumption in the United States and European Union. It has the E number E132, and is named Blue No. 2 by the US Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. — Wikipedia

Clinical trial activity

12 trials · 13 clinical orgs · 0 marketing orgs

Phase 1
1
Phase 2
8
Phase 3
6
Phase 4
1

Earliest trial started Sep 1, 2009 (NCT00999687)

Timeline

2000s

  1. Jan 1, 2009

    Earliest Phase 2 Sponsor(trial)

2010s

  1. Jan 1, 2012

    Earliest Phase 3 Sponsor(trial)

  2. Jan 1, 2015

    Earliest Phase 1 Sponsor(trial)

Indications

Approved for

Mechanism of action

  • Unspecified targetUnclear

    unclear

Chemistry & pharmacology

Loading structure…

SMILES

O=C1/C(=C2\Nc3ccccc3C2=O)Nc2ccccc21
Mol. weight
262.27 g/mol
Lipinski Ro5
Pass
Rule of 3
No
Chirality
Achiral Molecule
Inorganic
No
Polymer
No

Oral

No

Parenteral

No

Topical

No

Sources

Also known as

  • baptista
  • indigo
  • indigo
  • indigo
  • indigo naturalis
  • indigo naturalis extract
  • realgar-indigo naturalis
  • rif
  • wild indigo

Clinical trials

NCT IDPhaseStart dateSponsor(s)
NCT04228445Phase 3Feb 1, 2020Provepharm Sas
NCT04175587Phase 3Dec 1, 2019Government of China, Peking University
NCT02899169Phase 3Sep 1, 2016Jiao Tong University, People's Liberation Army of China
NCT02669888Phase 2Oct 1, 2015Chang Gung University, Government of Taiwan
NCT02411435Phase 1Jul 1, 2015GlaxoSmithKline, ViiV Healthcare
NCT01901705Phase 2Feb 1, 2013China Medical University
NCT02088281Phase 2Nov 1, 2012Chang Gung University, Government of Taiwan
NCT01755325Phase 3Nov 1, 2012Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Ruijin Hospital North
NCT02200978Phase 4Sep 1, 2011South China Children's Leukemia Group, Sun Yat-Sen University
NCT01445886Phase 2/Phase 3 (Phase 3)Jan 1, 2011Chang Gung University
NCT01022502Phase 2Nov 1, 2009Chang Gung University
NCT00999687Phase 2/Phase 3 (Phase 3)Sep 1, 2009Chang Gung University
Showing 12 of 12 trials
Page 1 / 1

Organizations

Research & Development (13)

OrganizationOrg typeTrialsAs lead sponsorPhasesEarliest year
Chang Gung UniversityAcademic/Hospital5522009
Government of TaiwanGovernment2012012
Jiao Tong UniversityAcademic/Hospital2112012
China Medical UniversityAcademic/Hospital1112013
GlaxoSmithKlineFor profit1012015
Government of ChinaGovernment1012019
Peking UniversityAcademic/Hospital1112019
People's Liberation Army of ChinaGovernment1012016
Provepharm SasFor profit1112020
Shanghai Ruijin Hospital NorthAcademic/Hospital1112012
South China Children's Leukemia GroupAcademic/Hospital1112011
Sun Yat-Sen UniversityAcademic/Hospital1012011
ViiV HealthcareFor profit1112015
13 organizations
Page 1 / 1