clenbuterol
Clenbuterol is a sympathomimetic amine used by sufferers of breathing disorders as a decongestant and bronchodilator. People with chronic breathing disorders such as asthma use this as a bronchodilator to make breathing easier. It is most commonly available as the hydrochloride salt, clenbuterol hydrochloride. — Wikipedia
Clinical trial activity
14 trials · 20 clinical orgs · 0 marketing orgs
Earliest trial started Jul 1, 2007 (NCT00585546)
Timeline
Indications
Studied for
- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis · Phase 2
- Bulbo-Spinal Atrophy, X-Linked · Phase 2
- Cognitive Dysfunction · Phase 2
- Dementia · Phase 2
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 · Phase 2
- Genetic Diseases, Inborn · Phase 2
- Glycogen Storage Disease Type II · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Healthy Volunteers · Phase 2
- Muscular Dystrophy, Facioscapulohumeral · Phase 1
- Parkinson Disease · Phase 2
Mechanism of action
- Beta-2 adrenergic receptorAGONIST
ADRB2 agonist
Clenbuterol is a ß2-adrenergic receptor agonist that causes relaxation of airway smooth muscle by binding to the receptor and activating adenylyl cyclase. Activation of adenylyl cyclase leads to an increase in intracellular concentrations of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and ultimately activation of protein kinase A (PKA). In the airways this inhibits smooth muscle contraction by opening K+ channels and down-regulating myosin light chain kinase activity. In addition, evidence indicates that clenbuterol induces production of neurotrophic factors, and promotes anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects.
Clenbuterol is a moderately selective ß2-adrenergic receptor agonist.
Chemistry & pharmacology
SMILES
CC(C)(C)NCC(O)c1cc(Cl)c(N)c(Cl)c1- Mol. weight
- 277.19 g/mol
- Lipinski Ro5
- Pass
- Rule of 3
- Yes
- Chirality
- Racemic Mixture
- Inorganic
- No
- Polymer
- No
Oral
No
Parenteral
No
Topical
No
Sources
- ChEMBLCHEMBL49080 ↗
- WikipediaClenbuterol ↗
- ChEMBLCHEMBL1330729 ↗
Also known as
- 1-(4-amino-3,5-dichloro-phenyl)-2-tert-butylamino-ethanol
- 1-(4-amino-3,5-dichloro-phenyl)-2-tert-butylamino-ethanol
- 4-amino-3,5-dichloro-alpha-(((1,1-dimethylethyl)amino)methyl)benzenemethanol
- 4-amino-3,5-dichloro-alpha-(((1,1-dimethylethyl)amino)methyl)benzenemethanol
- 4-amino-alpha-((tert-butylamino)methyl)-3,5-dichlorobenzyl alcohol
- 4-amino-alpha-((tert-butylamino)methyl)-3,5-dichlorobenzyl alcohol
- 4-amino-α-((tert-butylamino)methyl)-3,5-dichlorobenzyl alcohol
- 4-amino-α-((tert-butylamino)methyl)-3,5-dichlorobenzyl alcohol
- clenbuterol
- clenbuterol
- clenbuterol
- clenbuterol
- clenbuterol
- clenbuterol
- clenbuterol
- clenbuterol
- (+-)-clenbuterol
- (+-)-clenbuterol
- (+/-)-clenbuterol
- (±)-clenbuterol
- (±)-clenbuterol
- clenbuterol hcl
- clenbuterol hcl
- clenbuterol hcl
- clenbuterol hydrochloride
- clenbuterolum
- clenbuterolum
- dl-clenbuterol
- nab-365
- nab-365
- planipart
- (rs)-clenbuterol
- spiropent
- spiropent
- spiropent mite
Clinical trials
| NCT ID | Phase | Start date | Sponsor(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT06721299 | Phase 1 | Feb 28, 2025 | National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS), University of Kansas, University of Rochester, University of Washington |
| NCT06169046 | Phase 2 | Jan 8, 2024 | Mario Negri Institute, University of Padova |
| NCT05692856 | N/A | Feb 1, 2023 | University of Copenhagen |
| NCT04935762 | Phase 2 | Feb 28, 2022 | CuraSen Therapeutics, Inc. |
| NCT05104463 | Phase 2 | Jan 31, 2022 | CuraSen Therapeutics, Inc. |
| NCT04921306 | Phase 2 | Sep 1, 2021 | Eurostars, Maastricht University |
| NCT04739423 | Phase 2 | Jun 28, 2021 | CuraSen Therapeutics, Inc. |
| NCT04245709 | Phase 2 | Jan 31, 2020 | Duke University |
| NCT04094948 | Phase 2 | Oct 1, 2019 | Duke University |
| NCT03860870 | N/A | Mar 11, 2019 | University of Copenhagen |
| NCT03800290 | Phase 2 | Feb 1, 2019 | Maastricht University |
| NCT02557581 | N/A | Jul 1, 2015 | University of Copenhagen |
| NCT01942590 | Phase 1/Phase 2 (Phase 2) | Sep 1, 2013 | Duke University |
| NCT00585546 | N/A | Jul 1, 2007 | Georgetown University, Northwestern University, Ohio State University, Texas Heart Institute, Thoratec, University of Michigan, University of Minnesota, University of Pennsylvania, Yeshiva University |
Organizations
Research & Development (20)
| Organization | Org type | Trials | As lead sponsor | Phases | Earliest year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CuraSen Therapeutics, Inc. | For profit | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2021 |
| Duke University | Academic/Hospital | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2013 |
| University of Copenhagen | Academic/Hospital | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2015 |
| Maastricht University | Academic/Hospital | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2019 |
| Eurostars | For profit | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2021 |
| Georgetown University | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2007 |
| Mario Negri Institute | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2024 |
| National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (NIAMS) | Government | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2025 |
| Northwestern University | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2007 |
| Ohio State University | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2007 |
| Texas Heart Institute | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2007 |
| Thoratec | For profit | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2007 |
| University of Kansas | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2025 |
| University of Michigan | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2007 |
| University of Minnesota | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2007 |
| University of Padova | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2024 |
| University of Pennsylvania | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2007 |
| University of Rochester | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2025 |
| University of Washington | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2025 |
| Yeshiva University | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2007 |