retinoic acid
Retinoic acid (simplified nomenclature for all-trans-retinoic acid) is a metabolite of vitamin A1 (all-trans-retinol) that is required for embryonic development, male fertility, regulation of bone growth and immune function. All-trans-retinoic acid is required for chordate animal development, which includes all higher animals from fish to humans. During early embryonic development, all-trans-retinoic acid generated in a specific region of the embryo helps determine position along the embryonic anterior/posterior axis by serving as an intercellular signaling molecule that guides development of the posterior portion of the embryo. It acts through Hox genes, which ultimately control anterior/posterior patterning in early developmental stages. In adult tissues, the activity of endogenous retinoic acid appears limited to immune function and male fertility. — Wikipedia
Clinical trial activity
25 trials · 44 clinical orgs · 0 marketing orgs
Earliest trial started Jul 1, 1996 (NCT00001509)
Timeline
Indications
Approved for
Studied for
- Acne Vulgaris · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Alopecia · Early Phase 1
- Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis · Phase 2
- Autistic Disorder · Early Phase 1
- Breast Neoplasms · Phase 2
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell · Phase 3
- Chromosomes · Early Phase 1
- COVID-19 · Phase 4
- Emphysema · Phase 2
- Hypercholesterolemia · Early Phase 1
- Infertility, Male · Phase 2
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute · Phase 2
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute · Phase 3
- Lung Diseases · Phase 2
- Lung Diseases, Obstructive · Phase 2
- Melanoma · Phase 1/Phase 2
- Melanosis · Phase 4
- Mouth · Phase 3
- Myelodysplastic Syndromes · Phase 2
- Neoplasms · Phase 1
- Neuroblastoma · Phase 2
- Neuroendocrine Tumors · Phase 2
- Psoriasis · Phase 1
- Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive · Phase 2
- Treatment Adherence and Compliance · Early Phase 1
- Tretinoin · Early Phase 1
- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms · Phase 2
- Wilms Tumor · Phase 2
Mechanism of action
Bile acid receptor/Retinoic acid receptor RXR-alpha agonist
Chemistry & pharmacology
Oral
No
Parenteral
No
Topical
No
Sources
- WikipediaRetinoic acid ↗
Also known as
- retinoic acid
- retinoic acid
Clinical trials
| NCT ID | Phase | Start date | Sponsor(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT06731140 | Phase 2 | Dec 31, 2024 | Fudan University |
| NCT07015931 | Phase 1/Phase 2 (Phase 2) | Nov 30, 2024 | University of Indonesia |
| NCT05281965 | Early Phase 1 (Phase 1) | Apr 1, 2022 | Zhejiang University |
| NCT05428202 | Phase 1 | Mar 28, 2022 | Erciyes University, MonitorCRO |
| NCT05002530 | Phase 4 | Nov 30, 2021 | Damietta University, Government of Saudi Arabia, Jilin University, Kafrelsheikh University, Montefiore Medical Center |
| NCT04568096 | Phase 2 | Nov 30, 2020 | Damietta University, Kafrelsheikh University |
| NCT04396067 | Phase 2 | Jun 30, 2020 | Damitta University, Kafrelsheikh University |
| NCT04417348 | N/A | Jan 31, 2019 | Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi |
| NCT03611595 | Phase 1 | Sep 30, 2018 | Exelixis, University of California, San Diego |
| NCT03491267 | Early Phase 1 (Phase 1) | Jan 1, 2018 | Johns Hopkins University |
| NCT03200847 | Phase 1/Phase 2 (Phase 2) | Aug 1, 2017 | Merck, University of Colorado, Denver |
| NCT03323801 | Phase 2 | Jul 25, 2017 | University of Washington |
| NCT02641782 | Phase 2 | Nov 1, 2015 | University of Cologne |
| NCT03392623 | Early Phase 1 (Phase 1) | Jan 1, 2015 | Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi |
| NCT02497833 | Early Phase 1 (Phase 1) | Nov 1, 2014 | Sun Yat-Sen University |
| NCT01275274 | Phase 2 | Jan 1, 2012 | National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill |
| NCT01048086 | Phase 2 | Jun 1, 2009 | Molecular Insight Pharmaceuticals, University of Iowa |
| NCT00863278 | Phase 4 | Mar 1, 2009 | University of Nice Sophia Antipolis |
| NCT01226303 | Phase 3 | Jan 1, 2009 | Associazione Italiana Ematologia Oncologia Pediatrica |
| NCT01276730 | Phase 2 | Oct 1, 2007 | Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville |
Organizations
Research & Development (44)
| Organization | Org type | Trials | As lead sponsor | Phases | Earliest year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kafrelsheikh University | Academic/Hospital | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2020 |
| Damietta University | Academic/Hospital | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2020 |
| Sun Yat-Sen University | Academic/Hospital | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1999 |
| Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi | Academic/Hospital | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2015 |
| Associazione Italiana Ematologia Oncologia Pediatrica | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2009 |
| AstraZeneca | For profit | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2007 |
| Chang Gung University | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1999 |
| Changhua Christian Hospital | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1999 |
| Chimei Medical Center | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1999 |
| China Medical University | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1999 |
| Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2007 |
| Damitta University | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2020 |
| Erciyes University | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2022 |
| Exelixis | For profit | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2018 |
| Fudan University | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2024 |
| Government of Saudi Arabia | Government | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2021 |
| Government of Taiwan | Government | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1999 |
| James Graham Brown Cancer Center | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2007 |
| Jilin University | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2021 |
| Johns Hopkins University | Academic/Hospital | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2018 |