d-limonene

Small moleculeexperimental

Limonene is a colorless liquid aliphatic hydrocarbon classified as a cyclic monoterpene, and is the major component in the essential oil of citrus fruit peels. The (+)-isomer, occurring more commonly in nature as the fragrance of oranges, is a flavoring agent in food manufacturing. It is also used in chemical synthesis as a precursor to carvone and as a renewables-based solvent in cleaning products. The less common (−)-isomer has a piny, turpentine-like odor, and is found in the edible parts of such plants as caraway, dill, and bergamot orange plants. — Wikipedia

Clinical trial activity

5 trials · 6 clinical orgs · 0 marketing orgs

Phase 1
3
Phase 2
1
Phase 3
0
Phase 4
0

Earliest trial started Aug 1, 2009 (NCT01046929)

Timeline

2000s

  1. Jan 1, 2009

    Earliest Phase 1 Sponsor(trial)

2010s

  1. Jan 1, 2012

    Earliest Phase 2 Sponsor(trial)

Indications

Mechanism of action

  • Unspecified targetUnclear

    Unclear

  • Unspecified target

    solvent

Chemistry & pharmacology

Loading structure…

SMILES

C=C(C)[C@H]1CC=C(C)CC1
Mol. weight
136.24 g/mol
Lipinski Ro5
Pass
Rule of 3
No
Chirality
Single Stereoisomer
Inorganic
No
Polymer
No

Oral

No

Parenteral

No

Topical

No

Sources

Also known as

  • 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)cyclohexene
  • 4-mentha-1,8-diene
  • (4r)-1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)cyclohexene
  • (4s)-1-methyl-4-isopropenylcyclohex-1-ene
  • aisa 5203-l (+)limonene
  • cyclohexene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)-, (4r)-
  • dipentene
  • (d)-limonene
  • d-limonene
  • d-limonene
  • d-limonene
  • d-limonene
  • limonene
  • limonene
  • limonene
  • (-)-limonene
  • (+)-limonene
  • limonene, (+)-
  • limonene, (+-)-isomer
  • limonene, (r)-isomer
  • limonene, (s)-isomer
  • (+)-(r)-4-isopropenyl-1-methylcyclohexene
  • (r)-4-isopropenyl-1-methylcyclohexene
  • (r)-(+)-limonene

Clinical trials

NCT IDPhaseStart dateSponsor(s)
NCT04392622Phase 1Nov 30, 2020Stanford University
NCT04484467N/AFeb 9, 2018Government of Russia, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University
NCT04296266Early Phase 1 (Phase 1)Feb 29, 2016Stanford University
NCT01654822Phase 2Aug 1, 2012Cesa Projects International
NCT01046929Phase 1Aug 1, 2009National Cancer Institute (NCI), University of Arizona
Showing 5 of 5 trials
Page 1 / 1

Organizations

Research & Development (6)

OrganizationOrg typeTrialsAs lead sponsorPhasesEarliest year
Stanford UniversityAcademic/Hospital2212016
Cesa Projects InternationalAcademic/Hospital1112012
Government of RussiaGovernment1112018
I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityAcademic/Hospital1012018
National Cancer Institute (NCI)Government1012009
University of ArizonaAcademic/Hospital1112009
6 organizations
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