threonine
L-threonine is an essential amino acid. Threonine is a precursor of glycine. The biochemical studies on rats proved that glycine is synthesized from threonine (through threonine dehydrogenase pathway). Threonine dehydrogenase is the key enzyme in mammals like pigs, cat, and rats for degradation of 80% threonine. In adult humans, degradation of 7–11% of threonine is done by threonine dehydrogenase. The human L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase gene (GeneID: 157739, UniProtKB: Q8IZJ6 (TDH_HUMAN)) is an expressed pseudogene having lost the splice acceptor site preceding exon 6 and codon arginine-214 (CGA) is mutated to a stop codon (TGA). A few trials demonstrated that oral L-threonine may alleviate clinical signs of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and spasticity in humans. L-Threonine has recently been brought into agricultural industry for balancing the livestock feed. — NCATS
Clinical trial activity
2 trials · 1 clinical orgs · 0 marketing orgs
Earliest trial started Dec 31, 2009 (NCT01032616)
Timeline
2000s
- Jan 1, 2009
Earliest Phase 1 Sponsor(trial)
Indications
Approved for
Mechanism of action
- Unspecified targetSupplementation
supplementation
Chemistry & pharmacology
SMILES
C[C@@H](O)[C@H](N)C(O)=O- Mol. weight
- 119.1192 g/mol
- Lipinski Ro5
- Pass
- Rule of 3
- No
- Chirality
- Single Stereoisomer
- Inorganic
- No
- Polymer
- No
Oral
No
Parenteral
No
Topical
No
Sources
- WikipediaThreonine ↗
- NCATS2ZD004190S ↗
- ChEMBLCHEMBL291747 ↗
Also known as
- 2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid
- 2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid
- (2s,3r)-(-)-threonine
- (2s,3r)-(-)-threonine
- (2s)-threonine
- (2s)-threonine
- l-2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid
- l-2-amino-3-hydroxybutyric acid
- l-alpha-amino-beta-hydroxybutyric acid
- l-alpha-amino-beta-hydroxybutyric acid
- l-threonin
- l-threonin
- l-threonine
- l-threonine
- l-threonine
- l-threonine
- l-threonine
- l-(-)-threonine
- l-(-)-threonine
- l-(-)-threonine
- l-α-amino-β-hydroxybutyric acid
- l-α-amino-β-hydroxybutyric acid
- thr
- thr
- threonin
- threonine
- threonine
- threonine
- threonine
- threonine
- threonine
Clinical trials
| NCT ID | Phase | Start date | Sponsor(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| NCT02364843 | N/A | Feb 1, 2016 | University of Toronto |
| NCT01032616 | Phase 1 | Dec 31, 2009 | University of Toronto |
Organizations
Research & Development (1)
| Organization | Org type | Trials | As lead sponsor | Phases | Earliest year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Toronto | Academic/Hospital | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2009 |