enoxacin

Trade name: penetrex

Small moleculeapproved

Approved

Dec 31, 1991

Enoxacin is an oral broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent used in the treatment of urinary tract infections and gonorrhea. Enoxacin is bactericidal drugs, eradicating bacteria by interfering with DNA replication. Like other fluoroquinolones, enoxacin functions by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. The inhibition of these enzymes prevents bacterial DNA replication, transcription, repair and recombination. Enoxacin is active against many Gram-positive bacteria. After oral administration enoxacin is rapidly and well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The antibiotic is widely distributed throughout the body and in the different biological tissues. Tissue concentrations often exceed serum concentrations. The binding of enoxacin to serum proteins is 35 to 40%. The serum elimination half-life, in subjects with normal renal function, is approximately 6 hours. Approximately 60% of an orally administered dose is excreted in the urine as unchanged drug within 24 hours. Enoxacin, like other fluoroquinolones, is known to trigger seizures or lower the seizure threshold. The compound should not be administered to patients with epilepsy or a personal history of previous convulsive attacks as may promote the onset of these disorders. — NCATS

Clinical trial activity

2 trials · 5 clinical orgs · 1 marketing orgs

Phase 1
1
Phase 2
2
Phase 3
0
Phase 4
0

Earliest trial started Apr 1, 2015 (NCT02483455)

Timeline

1990s

  1. Dec 31, 1991

    Sanofi-Aventis — Earliest FDA Approval

  2. Dec 31, 1991

    Sanofi-Aventis — NDA Secondary Org

  3. Dec 31, 1991

    Sanofi-Aventis — NDA Organization

2010s

  1. Jan 1, 2015

    Earliest Phase 2 Sponsor(trial)

2020s

  1. Jan 1, 2021

    Earliest Phase 1 Sponsor(trial)

Indications

Mechanism of action

Approval history

  • approvedDec 31, 1991

Chemistry & pharmacology

Loading structure…

SMILES

CCN1C=C(C(O)=O)C(=O)C2=C1N=C(N3CCNCC3)C(F)=C2
Mol. weight
320.3189 g/mol
Lipinski Ro5
Pass
Rule of 3
No
Chirality
Achiral Molecule
Inorganic
No
Polymer
No
Delivery
Oral
Availability
Discontinued

Oral

Yes

Parenteral

No

Topical

No

Sources

Also known as

  • 1-ethyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(1-piperazinyl)-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid
  • 1-ethyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(1-piperazinyl)-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid
  • 1-ethyl-6-fluoro-4-oxo-7-piperazin-1-yl-1,4-dihydro-[1,8]naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid
  • 1-ethyl-6-fluoro-4-oxo-7-piperazin-1-yl-1,4-dihydro-[1,8]naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid
  • alc-919
  • at-2266
  • at-2266
  • ci-919
  • ci-919
  • comprecin
  • comprecin
  • enofloxacin
  • enofloxacine
  • enoksetin
  • enoxacin
  • enoxacin
  • enoxacin
  • enoxacin
  • enoxacin
  • enoxacin
  • enoxacin
  • enoxacin
  • enoxacin
  • enoxacin
  • enoxacin
  • enoxacina
  • enoxacina
  • enoxacine
  • énoxacine
  • énoxacine
  • enoxacino
  • enoxacino
  • enoxacinum
  • enoxacinum
  • flumark
  • flumark
  • pd-107779
  • pd-107779
  • penetrex
  • penetrex
  • penetrex

Clinical trials

NCT IDPhaseStart dateSponsor(s)
NCT04840823Phase 1/Phase 2 (Phase 2)Mar 26, 2021Apotex, McGill University, Weizmann Institute of Science
NCT02483455Phase 2Apr 1, 2015ALC Therapeutics, LLC, Philadelphia Institute of Dermatology
Showing 2 of 2 trials
Page 1 / 1

Organizations

Research & Development (5)

OrganizationOrg typeTrialsAs lead sponsorPhasesEarliest year
ALC Therapeutics, LLCFor profit1112015
ApotexFor profit1012021
McGill UniversityAcademic/Hospital1112021
Philadelphia Institute of DermatologyAcademic/Hospital1012015
Weizmann Institute of ScienceAcademic/Hospital1012021
5 organizations
Page 1 / 1

Marketing (2)

OrganizationOrg typeRelationshipDate
Sanofi-AventisFor profitNDA2Dec 31, 1991
Sanofi-AventisFor profitNDADec 31, 1991